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arXiv 1003.0528astro-ph.SR
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为日震学建立半经验太阳黑子模型

Constructing semi-empirical sunspot models for helioseismology

R. Cameron, L. Gizon, H. Schunker, A. Pietarila

摘要:

日震学的目标之一是确定太阳黑子的地下结构。为了做到这一点,重要的是首先要了解太阳黑子对太阳波的近地表影响,这是占主导地位的。在这里,我们构建简化的,圆柱对称的太阳黑子模型,其目的是捕捉来自约500公里以下的安静的太阳$τ_{5000}=1$水平较低的色球层的磁和热力学效应。我们结合了现有的太阳黑子热力学结构(密度、温度、压力)的半经验模型:Maltby等人(1986)的本影模型和Ding和Fang(1989)的半影模型。OPAL状态方程表被用来推导声速剖面。我们平滑地将近地表属性合并到地表以下约1 mm处的安静太阳值。本影半径和半影半径是自由参数。将磁场添加到热力学结构,而不需要静磁平衡。假设磁场的垂直分量具有高斯水平分布,最大表面场强由表面观测确定。全磁场矢量是螺线管形的,并由轴上垂直场确定,在表面上,选择轴上垂直场,使得在本影-半影边界处的场倾角为45 $^\circ$。本文根据SOHO/MDI对NOAA 9787活动区太阳黑子的观测资料,建立了一个特殊的太阳黑子模型。利用数值模拟f、p $_1$和p $_2$波包的传播,研究了模型太阳黑子的日震特征。这些模拟进行了比较所观察到的波场的互协方差。我们发现,太阳黑子模型给出了一个日震签名,是类似的观察。

英文摘要:

One goal of helioseismology is to determine the subsurface structure of sunspots. In order to do so, it is important to understand first the near-surface effects of sunspots on solar waves, which are dominant. Here we construct simplified, cylindrically-symmetric sunspot models, which are designed to capture the magnetic and thermodynamics effects coming from about 500 km below the quiet-Sun $τ_{5000}=1$ level to the lower chromosphere. We use a combination of existing semi-empirical models of sunspot thermodynamic structure (density, temperature, pressure): the umbral model of Maltby et al. (1986) and the penumbral model of Ding and Fang (1989). The OPAL equation of state tables are used to derive the sound speed profile. We smoothly merge the near-surface properties to the quiet-Sun values about 1mm below the surface. The umbral and penumbral radii are free parameters. The magnetic field is added to the thermodynamic structure, without requiring magnetostatic equilibrium. The vertical component of the magnetic field is assumed to have a Gaussian horizontal profile, with a maximum surface field strength fixed by surface observations. The full magnetic field vector is solenoidal and determined by the on-axis vertical field, which, at the surface, is chosen such that the field inclination is 45$^\circ$ at the umbral-penumbral boundary. We construct a particular sunspot model based on SOHO/MDI observations of the sunspot in active region NOAA 9787. The helioseismic signature of the model sunspot is studied using numerical simulations of the propagation of f, p$_1$, and p$_2$ wave packets. These simulations are compared against cross-covariances of the observed wave field. We find that the sunspot model gives a helioseismic signature that is similar to the observations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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