Johannes Sjoestrand
This text is a slightly expanded version of my 6 hour mini-course at the PDE-meeting in Évian-les-Bains in June 2009. The first part gives some old and recent results on non-self-adjoint differential operators. The second part is devoted to recent results about Weyl distribution of eigenvalues of elliptic operators with small random perturbations.
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This text is a survey of recent results obtained by the author and collaborators on different problems for non-self-adjoint operators. The topics are: Kramers-Fokker-Planck type operators, spectral asymptotics in two dimensions and Weyl asymptotics for the eigenvalues of non-self-adjoint operators with small random perturbations. In the introduction we also review the notion of pseudo-spectrum and its relation to non-self-adjoint spectral problems.
In this work we extend a previous work about the Weyl asymptotics of the distribution of eigenvalues of non-self-adjoint differential operators with small multiplicative random perturbations, by treating the case of operators on compact manifolds
We prove that the spectrum of certain non-self-adjoint Schrodinger operators is unstable in the semi-classical limit. Similar results hold for a fixed operator in the high energy limit. The method involves the construction of approximate semi-classical modes of the operator by the JWKB method for energies far from the spectrum.
In this paper we prove a subelliptic resolvent estimate for a class of semiclassical non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators with purely imaginary potentials when the spectral parameter is in a parabolic neighborhood of the imaginary axis.
This is an expository paper about self-adjoint extensions of the Laplacian on R^d, initially defined on functions supported away from a point. Let L be the Laplacian with domain smooth functions with compact support away from the origin. We determine all the self-adjoint extensions of L by calculating the deficiency subspaces of the closure of L. In the case d=3, the self-adjoint extensions are parametrized by a circle, or equivalently by the real line plus a point at infinity. We show that the non-Friedrichs extensions have either a single eigenvalue or a single resonance. This is of some int…
In this work we continue the study of the Weyl asymptotics of the distribution of eigenvalues of non-self-adjoint (pseudo)differential operators with small random perturbations, by treating the case of multiplicative perturbations in arbitrary dimension. We were led to quite essential improvements of many of the probabilistic aspects.
In this paper, we consider elliptic differential operators on compact manifolds with a random perturbation in the 0th order term and show under fairly weak additional assumptions that the large eigenvalues almost surely distribute according to the Weyl law, well-known in the self-adjoint case.
Quasi self-adjoint extensions of a class of formally non-self-adjoint discrete Hamiltonian systems
本文研究了一类形式非自共轭离散哈密顿系统的准自共轭扩展，通过双射投影和子空间描述了其特征与边界条件的关系。
We prove that the eigenvalues of a certain highly non-self-adjoint operator that arises in fluid mechanics correspond, up to scaling by a positive constant, to those of a self-adjoint operator with compact resolvent; hence there are infinitely many real eigenvalues which accumulate only at $\pm \infty$. We use this result to determine the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues and to compute some of the eigenvalues numerically. We compare these to earlier calculations by other authors.
The paper concerns the spectral theory for a class of non-self-adjoint block convolution operators. We mainly discuss the spectral representations of such operators. It is considered the general case of operators defined on Banach spaces. The main results are applied to periodic Jacobi matrices.
Generalized boundary triples for adjoint pairs with applications to non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators
本文将广义边界三元组及Weyl函数推广至算子伴随对，给出诱导非空预解集闭算子的边界参数准则，并应用于具紧致边界的Lipschitz域上带复Lp势的Schrödinger算子。
This paper focuses on the stability of self-adjointness of linear relations under perturbations in Hilbert spaces. It is shown that a self-adjoint relation is still self-adjoint under bounded and relatively bounded perturbations. The results obtained in the present paper generalize the corresponding results for linear operators to linear relations, and some weaken the conditions of the related existing results.
In this paper we construct the spectral expansion for the non-self-adjoint differential operators generated in the space of vektor functions by the ordinary differential expression of arbitrary order with the periodic matrix coefficients by using the essential spectral singularities, singular quasimomenta and the series with parenthesis.
We study the essential self-adjointness for real principal type differential operators. Unlike the elliptic case, we need geometric conditions even for operators on the Euclidean space with asymptotically constant coefficients, and we prove the essential self-adjointness under the null non-trapping condition.
For a given self-adjoint operator $A$ with discrete spectrum, we completely characterize possible eigenvalues of its rank-one perturbations~$B$ and discuss the inverse problem of reconstructing $B$ from its spectrum.
We give a spectral description of the semi-classical Schrodinger operator with a piecewise linear, complex valued potential. Moreover, using these results, we show how an arbitrarily small bounded perturbation of a non-self-adjoint operator can completely change the spectrum of the operator.
The necessary and sufficient conditions are given for a sequence of complex numbers to be the periodic (or antiperiodic) spectrum of non-self-adjoint Dirac operator.
In this paper we construct the spectral expansion for the differential operator generated in all real line by ordinary differential expression of arbitrary order with periodic complex-valued coefficients by introducing new concepts as essential spectral singularities and singular quasimomenta and using the series with parenthesis. Moreover, we find a criteria for which the spectral expansion coincides with the Gelfand expansion for the self-adjoint case.
In this note self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators are investigated by using the abstract technique of quasi boundary triples and their Weyl functions. The main result is an extension of Theorem 2.6 in [5] which provides sufficient conditions on the parameter in the boundary space to induce self-adjoint realizations. As an example self-adjoint Robin Laplacians on the half-space with boundary conditions involving an unbounded coefficient are considered.
We find conditions on the potential of the non-self-adjoint Mathieu-Hill operator such that the all eigenvalues of the periodic, antiperiodic, Dirichlet and Neumann boundary value problems are simple.
This paper deals with the study of the two-dimensional Dirac operatorwith infinite mass boundary condition in a sector. We investigate the question ofself-adjointness depending on the aperture of the sector: when the sector is convexit is self-adjoint on a usual Sobolev space whereas when the sector is non-convexit has a family of self-adjoint extensions parametrized by a complex number of theunit circle. As a byproduct of this analysis we are able to give self-adjointnessresults on polygones. We also discuss the question of distinguished self-adjointextensions and study basic spectral propert…
We study the spectral theory of operators, generated as direct sums of self-adjoint extensions of quasi-differential minimal operators on a multi-interval set (self-adjoint vector-operators), acting in a Hilbert space. Spectral theorems for such operators are discussed, the structure of the ordered spectral representation is investigated for the case of differential coordinate operators. One of the main results is the construction of spectral resolutions. Finally, we study the matters connected with analytical decompositions of generalized eigenfunctions of such vector-operators and build a ma…
A short nonstandard proof of the Spectral Theorem for unbounded self-adjoint operators
本文利用非标准分析方法，提供了一个简短且基础的无界自共轭算子谱定理的证明。
In this paper we investigate the non-self-adjoint operator H generated in all real line by the Mathieu-Hill equation with a complex-valued potential. We find a necessary and sufficient conditions on the potential for which H has no spectral singularity at infinity and it is an asymptotically spectral operator. Moreover, we give a detailed classification, stated in term of the potential, for the form of the spectral decomposition of the operator H by investigating the essential spectral singularities.
Antilinear operators on a complex Hilbert space arise in various contexts in mathematical physics. In this paper, an analogue of the Weyl--von Neumann theorem for antilinear self-adjoint operators is proved, i.e. that an antilinear self-adjoint operator is the sum of a diagonalizable operator and of a compact operator with arbitrarily small Schatten $p$-norm. In doing so, we discuss conjugations and their properties. A spectral integral representation for antilinear self-adjoint operators is constructed.
A Brief Explanation of the Spectral Expansion Method for Non-Self-Adjoint Differential Operators with Periodic Coefficients
本文简要解释了定义在整个实数线上、由具周期复值系数的微分表达式生成的微分算子的谱展开问题。
We describe the general qualitative behaviour of the resolvent norm for a very wide class of non-self-adjoint Schroedinger operators in the semi-classical regime, as the spectral parameter varies over the complex plane.
Spectral theorem for compact self-adjoint operators on smooth Banach spaces
该研究针对光滑巴拿赫空间上关于对偶映射自伴的紧算子，建立了谱表示定理，是希尔伯特空间相关经典谱定理的自然类似物。
We provide a comparative treatment of some aspects of spectral theory for self-adjoint and non-self-adjoint (but J-self-adjoint) Dirac-type operators connected with the defocusing and focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation, of relevance to nonlinear optics. In addition to a study of Dirac and Hamiltonian systems, we also introduce the concept of Weyl-Titchmarsh half-line m-coefficients (and 2 x 2 matrix-valued M-matrices) in the non-self-adjoint context and derive some of their basic properties. We conclude with an illustrative example showing that crossing spectral arcs in the non-self-adjoi…
We characterize possible spectra of rank-one perturbations B of a self-adjoint operator A with discrete spectrum and, in particular, prove that the spectrum of B may include any number of real or non-real eigenvalues of arbitrary algebraic multiplicity
We prove that there is a homeomorphism between the space of accelerants and the space of potentials of non-self-adjoint Dirac operators on a finite interval.
In this paper we develop certain aspects of perturbation theory for self-adjoint operators subject to small variations of their domains. We use the abstract theory of boundary triplets to quantify such perturbations and give the second order asymptotic analysis for resolvents, spectral projections, discrete eigenvalues of the corresponding self-adjoint operators. In particular, we derive explicit formulas for the first variation and the Hessian of the eigenvalue curves bifurcating from a discrete eigenvalue of an unperturbed operator. An application is given to a matrix valued Robin Laplacian …
In [arXiv:0801.0172] we examined a family of periodic Sturm-Liouville problems with boundary and interior singularities which are highly non-self-adjoint but have only real eigenvalues. We now establish Schatten class properties of the associated resolvent operator.
We obtain uniform, with respect to t asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues of the operators generated in (0,1) by the Mathieu-Hill equation with a complex-valued potential and by the t-periodic boundary conditions. Then using it we investigate the non-self-adjoint Mathieu-Hill operator H generated in the allreal line by the same equation and establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for the potential for which H has no spectral singularity at infinity and it is an asymptotically spectral operator.
Let $u=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}λdE_λ$ be a self-adjoint operator in a Hilbert space $H$. Our purpose is to provide a non-standard description of the spectral family $(E_λ)$ and the generalized Gelfand eigenvectors.
This paper is devoted to the mathematical investigation of the MIT bag model, that is the Dirac operator on a smooth and bounded domain with certain boundary conditions. We prove that the operator is self-adjoint and, when the mass goes to infinity, we provide spectral asymptotic results.
Sufficient and necessary conditions on the spectral measure of a self-adjoint operator $A$, acting in a Hilbert space, are obtained, under which for any continuous scalar function the operator function $ϕ(A+γB)$ is holomorphic with rspect to the coupling constant $γ$ in a neighborhood of $γ=0$, where $B$ is a self-adjoint operator. The sharpest results are obtained in the case where $B$ is a rank-one operator.
Self-adjoint extensions of singular Sturm-Liouville operators on graphs and Weyl's law
本研究针对图上二阶Sturm-Liouville型微分算子的自伴延拓问题，建立了自伴性与哈密顿向量场非完整轨迹的关联，定义了顶点处的Kirchhoff条件以保证自伴延拓，并推导了谱渐近的Weyl定律。
A criterion and sufficient conditions for a vector to be a cyclic vector for a class of self-adjoint operators are obtained.
We consider a non self-adjoint Laplacian on a directed graph with non symmetric edge weights. We analyse spectral properties of this Laplacian under a Kirchhoff assumption. Moreover we establish isoperimet-ric inequalities in terms of the numerical range to show the absence of the essential spectrum of the Laplacian on heavy end directed graphs.
This paper deals with the computation of the eigenvalues of non self-adjoint Sturm-Liouville problems with parameter dependent boundary conditions using the \textit{regularized sampling method}. A few numerical examples among which singular ones will be presented to illustrate the merit of the method and comparison made with the exact eigenvalues when they are available.
On the Traces of Mean-Spectral Decompositions Corresponding to Self-Adjoint Elliptic Pseudo-Differential Operators
本文研究了 Sobolev-Liouville 和 Nikolskii-Besov 类分布中对应于自伴椭圆伪微分算子的谱分解的迹。
We analyze eigenvalues emerging from thresholds of the essential spectrum of one-dimensional Dirac operators perturbed by complex and non-symmetric potentials. In the general non-self-adjoint setting we establish the existence and asymptotics of weakly coupled eigenvalues and Lieb-Thirring inequalities. As physical applications we investigate the damped wave equation and armchair graphene nanoribbons.
We consider a pencil of non-self-adjoint matrix Sturm-Liouville operators on the half line and study the inverse problem of constructing this pencil by its Weyl matrix. A uniqueness theorem is proved, and a constructive algorithm for the solution is obtained.
We examine semiclassical magnetic Schrödinger operators with complex electric potentials. Under suitable conditions on the magnetic and electric potentials, we prove a resolvent estimate for spectral parameters in an unbounded parabolic neighborhood of the imaginary axis.
This is an overview of mathematical heritage of Sergey Naboko in the area of functional models of non-self-adjoint operators. It covers the works by Sergey in model construction, the analysis of absolutely continuous and singular spectra and the construction of the scattering theory in model terms.
We recall a Moure theory adapted to non self-adjoint operators and we apply this theory to Schr{ö}dinger operators with non real potentials, using different type of conjugate operators. We show that some conjugate operators permits to relax conditions on the derivatives of the potential that were required up to now.
We study the spectrum of unbounded J-self-adjoint block operator matrices. In particular, we prove enclosures for the spectrum, provide a sufficient condition for the spectrum being real and derive variational principles for certain real eigenvalues even in the presence of non-real spectrum. The latter lead to lower and upper bounds and asymptotic estimates for eigenvalues.
Let $H_0$ and $H$ be self-adjoint operators in a Hilbert space. In the scattering theory framework, we describe the essential spectrum of the difference $φ(H)-φ(H_0)$ for piecewise continuous functions $φ$. This description involves the scattering matrix for the pair $H$, $H_0$.
The work is devoted to the study of the similarity of a correct restriction to some self-adjoint operator in the case when the minimal operator is symmetric. The resulting theorem was applied to the Sturm-Liouville operator and the Laplace operator. It is shown that the spectrum of a non self-adjoint singularly perturbed operator is real and the corresponding system of eigenvectors forms a Riesz basis.
$J$-self-adjoint extensions of the Phillips symmetric operator $S$ are studied. The concepts of stable and unstable $C$-symmetry are introduced in the extension theory framework. The main results are the following: if ${A}$ is a $J$-self-adjoint extension of $S$, then either $σ({A})=\mathbb{R}$ or $σ({A})=\mathbb{C}$; if ${A}$ has a real spectrum, then ${A}$ has a stable $C$-symmetry and ${A}$ is similar to a self-adjoint operator; there are no $J$-self-adjoint extensions of the Phillips operator with unstable $C$-symmetry.
New formulas on the inverse problem for the continuous skew-self-adjoint Dirac type system are obtained. For the discrete skew-self-adjoint Dirac type system the solution of a general type inverse spectral problem is also derived in terms of the Weyl functions. The description of the Weyl functions on the interval is given. Borg-Marchenko type uniqueness theorems are derived for both discrete and continuous non-self-adjoint systems too.
Spectral pollution and second order relative spectra for self-adjoint operators
本文针对投影法计算自伴算子谱时的谱污染问题，提出利用二阶相对谱进行处理的策略，并通过两个模型示例验证了其有效性。
We give a self-contained presentation of the theory of self-adjoint extensions using the technique of boundary triples. A description of the spectra of self-adjoint extensions in terms of the corresponding Krein maps (Weyl functions) is given. Applications include quantum graphs, point interactions, hybrid spaces, singular perturbations.
For non-self-adjoint almost-periodic Schrödinger operators, a criterion is given to guarantee that they have both the same spectrum and same Lyapunov exponents with the discrete free Laplacian. As a byproduct, we show that the Moser-Pöschel argument for opening gaps may not be valid for non-self-adjoint operators.
We construct operators which factorize the transfer function associated with a non-self-adjoint 2x2 operator matrix whose diagonal entries can have overlapping spectra and whose off-diagonal entries are unbounded operators.
Spectral Theorem for a bounded self adjoint operator on a Bicomplex Hilbert space
本文在双复希尔伯特空间框架下，通过定义双复内积和双复值 $L^{2}[a,b]$ 空间，证明非紧有界自伴算子的谱定理。
In the smooth scattering theory framework, we consider a pair of self-adjoint operators $H_0$, $H$ and discuss the spectral projections of these operators corresponding to the interval $(-\infty,λ)$. The purpose of the paper is to study the spectral properties of the difference $D(λ)$ of these spectral projections. We completely describe the absolutely continuous spectrum of the operator $D(λ)$ in terms of the eigenvalues of the scattering matrix $S(λ)$ for the operators $H_{0}$ and $H$. We also prove that the singular continuous spectrum of the operator $D(λ)$ is empty.
This paper addresses two different but related questions regarding an unbounded symmetric tridiagonal operator: its self-adjointness and the approximation of its spectrum by the eigenvalues of its finite truncations. The sufficient conditions given in both cases improve and generalize previously known results. It turns out that, not only self-adjointness helps to study limit points of eigenvalues of truncated operators, but the analysis of such limit points is a key help to prove self-adjointness. Several examples show the advantages of these new results compared with previous ones. Besides, a…
Functions of pairs of commuting self-adjoint operators under relatively bounded perturbations
研究交换自共轭算子对在相对有界扰动下的函数行为，通过双算子积分获得单个自共轭算子函数结果的类比。
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