Recall that an algebraic module is a KG-module that satisfies a polynomial with integer coefficients, with addition and multiplication given by direct sum and tensor product. In this article we prove that if L is a component of the (stable) Auslander-Reiten quiver for a dihedral 2-group consisting of non-periodic modules, then there is at most one algebraic module on L.
Computing the extensions between Verma modules is in general a very difficult problem. Using Soergel bimodules, one can construct a graded version of the principal block of Category $\mathcal{O}$ for any finite coxeter group. In this setting, we compute the extensions between Verma modules for dihedral groups.
Let k be an algebraically closed field, and let Λ be an algebra of dihedral type of polynomial growth as classified by Erdmann and Skowroński. We describe all finitely generated Λ-modules V whose stable endomorphism rings are isomorphic to k and determine their universal deformation rings R(Λ,V). We prove that only three isomorphism types occur for R(Λ,V): k, k[[t]]/(t^2) and k[[t]].
While the finite-dimensional modules of the dihedral 2-groups over fields of characteristic 2 were classified over 30 years ago, very little is known about the tensor products of such modules. In this article, we compute the Loewy length of the tensor product of two modules of a dihedral two-group in characteristic 2. As an immediate consequence, we determine when such a tensor product has a projective direct summand.
We finish off the classification of the endo-trivial modules of finite groups with Sylow $2$-subgroups isomorphic to a semi-dihedral $2$-group started by Carlson, Mazza and Thévenaz in their article "Endotrivial modules over groups with quaternion or semi-dihedral Sylow $2$-subgroup" published in 2013.
We study the algebras generated by restriction and induction operations on complex modules over dihedral groups. In the case where the orders of all dihedral groups involved are not divisible by four, we describe the relations, a basis, the center, and a decomposition into indecomposables of these algebras.
We consider irreducible lowest-weight representations of Cherednik algebras associated to certain classes of complex reflection groups in characteristic p. In particular, we study maximal graded submodules of Verma modules associated to these algebras. Various results and conjectures are presented concerning generators of these maximal submodules, which are found by computing singular polynomials of Dunkl operators.
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$ and $G$ a finite group. We provide a description of the torsion subgroup $TT(G)$ of the finitely generated abelian group $T(G)$ of endo-trivial $kG$-modules when $p=2$ and $G$ has a dihedral Sylow $2$-subgroup $P$. We prove that, in the case $|P|\geq 8$, $TT(G)\cong X(G)$ the group of one-dimensional $kG$-modules, except possibly when $G/O_{2'}(G)\cong \mathfrak{A}_6$, the alternating group of degree $6$; in which case $G$ may have $9$-dimensional simple torsion endo-trivial modules. We also prove a similar result in the case $|P…
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of odd characteristic $p$, and let $D_n$ be the dihedral group of order $2n$ such that $p\mid 2n$. Let $D(kD_n)$ denote the quantum double of the group algebra $kD_n$. In this paper, we describe the structures of all finite dimensional indecomposable left $D(kD_n)$-modules, equivalently, of all finite dimensional indecomposable Yetter-Drinfeld $kD_n$-modules, and classify them.
The Dunkl--Dirac symmetry algebra is an associative subalgebra of the tensor product of a Clifford algebra and the faithful polynomial representation of a rational Cherednik algebra. In previous work, the finite-dimensional representations of the Dunkl--Dirac symmetry algebra in three dimensions linked with a dihedral group were given. We give here the necessary results to proceed to the same construction when the Clifford algebra in the tensor product has negative signature.
In this paper we describe the Jordan-Holder series of the standard modules over the rational Cherednik algebras associated with the dihedral group. In particular, we compute the characters of the irreducible representations from the category O and classify the finite dimensional representations.
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 2, and let $W$ be the ring of infinite Witt vectors over $k$. Suppose $D$ is a dihedral 2-group. We prove that the universal deformation ring $R(D,V)$ of an endo-trivial $kD$-module $V$ is always isomorphic to $W[\mathbb{Z}/2\times\mathbb{Z}/2]$. As a consequence we obtain a similar result for modules $V$ with stable endomorphism ring $k$ belonging to an arbitrary nilpotent block with defect group $D$. This confirms for such $V$ conjectures on the ring structure of the universal deformation ring of $V$ which had previously been shown f…
Given a dihedral $2$-group $P$ of order at least~8, we classify the splendid Morita equivalence classes of principal $2$-blocks with defect groups isomorphic to $P$. To this end we construct explicit stable equivalences of Morita type induced by specific Scott modules using Brauer indecomposability and gluing methods; we then determine when these stable equivalences are actually Morita equivalences, and hence automatically splendid Morita equivalences. Finally, we compute the generalised decomposition numbers in each case.
We construct nontrivial auto-equivalences of stable module categories for elementary, local symmetric algebras over a field k. These auto-equivalences are modeled after the spherical twists of Seidel and Thomas and the $\mathbb{P}^n$-twists of Huybrechts and Thomas, which yield auto-equivalences of the derived category of coherent sheaves on a variety. For group algebras of p-groups in characteristic p we recover many of the auto-equivalences corresponding to endo-trivial modules. We also obtain analogous auto-equivalences for local algebras of dihedral and semi-dihedral type, which are not gr…
Motivated by recent problems regarding the symmetry of Hecke algebras, we investigate the symmetry of the endomorphism algebra $E_P(M)$ for $P$ a $p$-group and $M$ a $kP$-module with $k$ a field of characteristic $p$. We provide a complete analysis for cyclic $p$-groups and the dihedral 2-groups. For the dihedral 2-groups, this requires the classification of the indecomposable modules in terms of string modules and band modules. We generalize our techniques to consider $E_Λ(M)$ for $Λ$ a Nakayama algebra, a local algebra, or even an arbitrary algebra.
We present a quantum algorithm for the dihedral hidden subgroup problem with time and query complexity $O(\exp(C\sqrt{\log N}))$. In this problem an oracle computes a function $f$ on the dihedral group $D_N$ which is invariant under a hidden reflection in $D_N$. By contrast the classical query complexity of DHSP is $O(\sqrt{N})$. The algorithm also applies to the hidden shift problem for an arbitrary finitely generated abelian group. The algorithm begins with the quantum character transform on the group, just as for other hidden subgroup problems. Then it tensors irreducible representations of…
In by now classical work, K. Erdmann classified blocks of finite groups with dihedral defect groups (and more generally algebras of dihedral type) up to Morita equivalence. In the explicit description by quivers and relations of such algebras with two simple modules, several subtle problems about scalars occurring in relations remained unresolved. In particular, for the dihedral case it is a longstanding open question whether blocks of finite groups can occur for both possible scalars 0 and 1. In this article, using Kuelshammer ideals (a.k.a. generalized Reynolds ideals), we provide the first …
Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 2, and let W be the ring of infinite Witt vectors over k. Suppose G is a finite group, and B is a block of kG with dihedral defect group D which is Morita equivalent to the principal 2-modular block of a finite simple group. We determine the universal deformation ring R(G,V) for every kG-module V which belongs to B and has stable endomorphism ring k. It follows that R(G,V) is always isomorphic to a subquotient ring of WD. Moreover, we obtain an infinite series of examples of universal deformation rings which are not complete intersection…
Let F/k be a Galois extension of number fields with dihedral Galois group of order 2q, where q is an odd integer. We express a certain quotient of S-class numbers of intermediate fields, arising from Brauer-Kuroda relations, as a unit index. Our formula is valid for arbitrary extensions with Galois group D_{2q} and for arbitrary Galois-stable sets of primes S, containing the Archimedean ones. Our results have curious applications to determining the Galois module structure of the units modulo the roots of unity of a D_{2q}-extension from class numbers and S-class numbers. The techniques we use …
In this paper we investigate gradings on tame blocks of group algebras whose defect group is dihedral. We classify gradings on an arbitrary dihedral block up to graded Morita equivalence. We do this by computing the group of outer automorphisms that fix the isomorphism classes of simple modules. We also show how to grade these blocks via transfer of gradings via dervied equivalences.
Let $W$ be a finite Weyl group and $\sg$ be a non-trivial graph automorphism of $W$. We show a remarkable relation between the $\sg$-twisted involution module for $W$ and the Frobenius--Schur indicators of the unipotent characters of a corresponding twisted finite group of Lie type. This extends earlier results of Lusztig-Vogan for the untwisted case and then allows us to state a general result valid for any finite group of Lie type. Inspired by recent work of Marberg, we also formally define Frobenius--Schur indicators for "unipotent characters" of twisted dihedral groups.
The higher APR tilting modules and higher BB tilting modules were introduced and studied in higher Auslander-Reiten theory. Our objective is to consider these tilting modules by the corresponding simple modules, and show that the tensor product of higher APR (BB) tilting modules is a higher APR (BB) tilting module.
In this paper, we construct a class of non-weight modules over the affine-Virasoro algebra of type $A_1$ by taking tensor products of irreducibles defined in [Q. Chen, J. Han, Non-weight modules over the affine-Virasoro algebra of type $A_1$, J. Math. Phys. 60, 071707 (2019)] with irreducible highest weight modules. The irreducibility and the isomorphism classes of these modules are determined. Moreover, we show that these tensor product modules are different from the known non-weight modules. Finally, we realize some tensor product modules as induced modules from modules over certain subalgeb…
In this paper, we study irreducible weight modules with infinite dimensional weight spaces over the mirror-twisted Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra $\mathcal{D}$. More precisely, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the tensor products of irreducible highest weight modules and irreducible modules of intermediates series over $\mathcal{D}$ to be irreducible are determined by using "shifting technique". This leads to a family of new irreducible weight modules over $\mathcal{D}$. Then we obtain that any two such tensor products are isomorphic if and only if the corresponding highest weight modu…
In this paper, we obtain a class of Virasoro modules by taking tensor products of the irreducible Virasoro modules $Ω(λ,α,h)$ and $Ω(μ, b)$ with irreducible highest weight modules $V(θ,h)$ or with irreducible Virasoro modules Ind$_θ(N)$ defined in [MZ2]. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for such tensor product modules to be irreducible, and determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for two of them to be isomorphic. We also compare these modules with other known non-weight Virasoro modules.
In this paper, we obtain a class of Virasoro modules by taking tensor products of the irreducible Virasoro modules $Ω(λ,α,h)$ defined in \cite{CG}, with irreducible highest weight modules $V(θ,h)$ or with irreducible Virasoro modules Ind$_θ(N)$ defined in \cite{MZ2}. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for such tensor product modules to be irreducible, and determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for two of them to be isomorphic. These modules are not isomorphic to any other known irreducible Virasoro modules.
Let $G$ be a simple and simply connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $\Bbbk$ of characteristic $p>0$. We establish an isomorphism of $G$-modules between a direct sum of modules $\text{St} \otimes \text{St}$ and a direct sum of tensor products of simple modules of restricted highest weight with tilting modules that are projective over the Frobenius kernel of $G$. This isomorphism holds precisely when Donkin's Tilting Module Conjecture does, and thus can be seen as providing a $G$-module theoretic characterization of this conjecture.
We study primitive ideals in the enveloping algebra of finitary locally finite infinite-dimensional complex Lie algebras. In particular we investigate the annihilators of the simple objects in the category of tensor modules. This category has been studied in \cite{PStyr} and \cite{PS}. Moreover we prove that a simple tensor module is completely determined by its annihilator and we introduce a partial order on pairs of Young diagrams that we use to describe the inclusions between the annihilators of the simple tensor modules.
In this paper, we study the tensor structure of category of finite dimensional representations of Drinfeld quantum doubles $D(H_n(q))$ of Taft Hopf algebras $H_n(q)$. Tensor product decomposition rules for all finite dimensional indecomposable modules are explicitly given.
For a finite free and projective EI category, we prove that Gorenstein-projective modules over its category algebra are closed under the tensor product if and only if each morphism in the given category is a monomorphism.
We construct a Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand type resolution in terms of direct sums of Kac modules for the finite-dimensional irreducible tensor representations of the general linear superalgebra. As a consequence it follows that the unique maximal submodule of a corresponding reducible Kac module is generated by its proper singular vector.
Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be the exceptional complex simple Lie algebra of type $G_2$. We provide a concrete cyclicity condition for the tensor product of fundamental representations of the Yangian $Y(\mathfrak{g})$. Using this condition, we show that every local Weyl module is isomorphic to an ordered tensor product of fundamental representations of $Y(\mathfrak{g})$.
We completely describe the decompositions (into indecomposable submodules) of the tensor products of irreducible sl(2)-modules in characteristic 3. The answer resembles analogous decompositions for the Lie superalgebra sl(1|1).
In this paper, we realize polynomial $\H$-modules $Ω(λ,α,β)$ from irreducible twisted Heisenberg-Virasoro modules $\A_{α,β}$. It follows from $\H$-modules $Ω(λ,α,β)$ and $\mathrm{Ind}(M)$ that we obtain a class of natural non-weight tensor product modules $\big(\bigotimes_{i=1}^mΩ(λ_i,α_i,β_i)\big)\otimes \mathrm{Ind}(M)$. Then we give the necessary and sufficient conditions under which these modules are irreducible and isomorphic, and also give that the irreducible modules in this class are new.
In this paper, we investigate the tensor structure of the category of finite dimensional weight modules over the Hopf-Ore extensions $kG(χ^{-1}, a, 0)$ of group algebras $kG$. The tensor product decomposition rules for all indecomposable weight modules are explicitly given under the assumptions that $k$ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and the orders of $χ$ and $χ(a)$ are the same.
Let $W$ be a Coxeter group whose proper parabolic subgroups are finite. According to Theorem~1.12 of [1], if the module of a finite $W$-digraph $Γ$ is isomorphic to the module of a $W$-graph over $Q$, then $Γ$ is acyclic. We extend this result to Coxeter groups with finite dihedral parabolic subgroups and $W$-graphs over arbitrary fields $F$ of $C$. Also, an example is provided showing the converse of this theorem is false. That is, there is an example of a finite, acyclic $W$-digraph whose module does not afford a $W$-graph.
We construct explicitly a large family of Gelfand-Tsetlin modules for an arbitrary finite W-algebra of type A and establish their irreducibility. A basis of these modules is formed by the Gelfand-Tsetlin tableaux whose entries satisfy certain admissible sets of relations. Characterization and an effective method of constructing such admissible relations are given. In the case of the Yangian of gl_n we prove the sufficient condition for the irreducibility of the tensor product of two highest weight relation modules and establish irreducibility of any number of highest weight relation modules wi…
With the aid of the exponentiation functor and Fourier transform we introduce a class of modules $T(g,V,S)$ of $\mathfrak{sl} (n+1)$ of mixed tensor type. By varying the polynomial $g$, the $\mathfrak{gl}(n)$-module $V$, and the set $S$, we obtain important classes of weight modules over the Cartan subalgebra $\mathfrak h$ of $\mathfrak{sl} (n+1)$, and modules that are free over $\mathfrak h$. Furthermore, these modules are obtained through explicit presentation of the elements of $\mathfrak{sl} (n+1)$ in terms of differential operators and lead to new tensor coherent families of $\mathfrak{sl…
Let $A$ be a coherent algebra and $B$ be a finite-dimensional Gorenstein algebra over a field $k$. We describe finitely presented Gorenstein projective $A\otimes_k B$-modules in terms of their underlying onesided modules. Moreover, if the global dimension of $B$ is finite, we give a more precise description of finitely presented Gorenstein projective $A\otimes_k B$-modules.
In this article, we consider the tensor product of two simple modules of quanum $GL_2$ over a field of characteristic $p\neq 0$. We show that it can be expressed as a direct sum of indecomposable twisted tilting modules. This problem has been studied by Henke and Doty [1] for $SL_2$ and also later on for $SL_3$ by S R Doty, Chris Bowman and Stuart Martin, ([7, 8]).
For a quantum affine algebra of type A, we describe the composition series of the tensor product of a general minimal affinization with a Kirillov-Resehtikhin module associated to an extreme node of the Dynkin diagram of the underlying simple Lie algebra.
By Theorem~1.12 of the paper "A Class of Representations of Hecke Algebras", if $W$ is a Coxeter group whose proper parabolic subgroups are finite, and if the module of a finite $W$-digraph $Γ$ is isomorphic to the module of a $W$-graph, then $Γ$ must be acyclic. Here we extend this result to Coxeter groups with finite dihedral parabolic subgroups and $W$-graphs with arbitrary scalar edge labels. Also, errata for the paper are listed in the last section.
We decompose the $\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}(n)$-module $V(Λ_0) \otimes V(Λ_i)$ and give generating function identities for the outer multiplicities. In the process we discover some seemingly new partition identities for $n=3, 4$.
In this paper we study irreducible tensor products of representations of alternating groups in characteristics 2 and 3. In characteristic 3 we completely classify irreducible tensor products, while in characteristic 2 we completely classify irreducible tensor products where none of the modules appearing in the product is a basic spin module. In characteristic 2 we also give some necessary conditions for the tensor product of an irreducible module with a basic spin module to be irreducible.
We provide a sufficient condition for the cyclicity of an ordered tensor product $L=V_{a_1}(ω_{b_1})\otimes V_{a_2}(ω_{b_2})\otimes...\otimes V_{a_k}(ω_{b_k})$ of fundamental representations of the Yangian $Y(\mathfrak{g})$. When $\mathfrak{g}$ is a classical simple Lie algebra, we make the cyclicity condition concrete, which leads to an irreducibility criterion for the ordered tensor product $L$. In the case when $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{sl}_{l+1}$, a sufficient and necessary condition for the irreducibility of the ordered tensor product $L$ is obtained. The cyclicity of the ordered tensor pro…
Let $G$ be a simply connected simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$. The category of rational $G$-modules is not semisimple. We consider the question of when the tensor product of two simple $G$-modules $L(λ)$ and $L(μ)$ is completely reducible. Using some technical results about weakly maximal vectors (i.e. maximal vectors for the action of the Frobenius kernel $G_1$ of $G$) in tensor products, we obtain a reduction to the case where the highest weights $λ$ and $μ$ are $p$-restricted. In this case, we also prove that $L(λ)\otimes L(μ)$ is comple…
Let g' and g be isomorphic to any two of the Lie algebras gl(infty), sl(infty), sp(infty), and so(infty). Let M be a simple tensor g-module. We introduce the notion of an embedding of g' into g of general tensor type and derive branching laws for triples g', g, and M, where the embedding of g' into g is of general tensor type. More precisely, since M is in general not semisimple as a g'-module, we determine the socle filtration of M over g'. Due to the description of embeddings of classical locally finite Lie algebras given by Dimitrov and Penkov, our results hold for all possible embeddings o…
In this paper, we study the tensor module $P\otimes M$ over the Witt superalgebra $W_{m,n}^+$ (resp. $W_{m,n}$), where $P$ is a simple module over the Weyl superalgebra $K_{m,n}^+$ (resp. $K_{m,n}$) and $M$ is simple weight module over the general linear Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{gl}(m,n)$. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for $P\otimes M$ to be simple, and determine all simple subquotient of $P\otimes M$ when it is not simple. All the work leads to completion of some classification problems on the weight representation theory of $W_{m,n}^+$ and $W_{m,n}$.