Mukai implies McKay: the McKay correspondence as an equivalence of derived categories
Tom Bridgeland, Alastair King, Miles Reid
备注：
Dedicated to Andrei Tyurin's 60th birthday. This draft is completely rewritten; it contains in particular a complete proof of Nakamura's conjecture that the Hilbert scheme of G-clusters is a crepant resolution for G in SL(3,C). 27 pp. submitted to J. Amer. Math. Soc
Let G be a finite group of automorphisms of a nonsingular complex threefold M such that the canonical bundle omega_M is locally trivial as a G-sheaf. We prove that the Hilbert scheme Y=GHilb M parametrising G-clusters in M is a crepant resolution of X=M/G and that there is a derived equivalence (Fourier- Mukai transform) between coherent sheaves on Y and coherent G-sheaves on M. This identifies the K theory of Y with the equivariant K theory of M, and thus generalises the classical McKay correspondence. Some higher dimensional extensions are possible.
We present a method based on mutations of helices which leads to the construction (in the large volume limit) of exceptional coherent sheaves associated with the $(\sum_al_a=0)$ orbits in Gepner models. This is explicitly verified for a few examples including some cases where the ambient weighted projective space has singularities not inherited by the Calabi-Yau hypersurface. The method is based on two conjectures which lead to the analog,in the general case, of the Beilinson quiver for $\BP^n$. We discuss how one recovers the McKay quiver using the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) near the or…
We give a condition for an exact functor between triangulated categories to be an equivalence. Applications to Fourier-Mukai transforms are discussed. In particular, we obtain a large number of such transforms for K3 surfaces.
In most cases where it had been shown to exist the derived McKay correspondence D(Y) --> D^G(C^n) can be written as a Fourier-Mukai transform which sends point sheaves of the crepant resolution Y to pure sheaves in D^G(C^n). We give a sufficient condition for an object of D^G(Y x C^n) to be the defining object of such a transform. We use it to construct the first example of the derived McKay correspondence for a non-projective crepant resolution of C^3/G. Along the way we extract some more geometric sense out of the Intersection Theorem and learn to explicitly compute theta-stable families of …
This paper is a sequel to math.AG/0203287. A generalization of the Mukai flop has been studied by E. Markman. Here we call it a stratified Mukai flop. In this paper, we observe that, for a stratified Mukai flop: $X \to \bar{X} \leftarrow X^+$, the fiber product $X \times_{\bar{X}}X^+$ defines an isomorphism of Grothendieck groups $K(X) \to K(X^+)$, but, at the level of derived categories, the fiber product does not generally give an equivalence.
Orlov's famous representability theorem asserts that any fully faithful exact functor between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties is a Fourier-Mukai functor. In this paper we show that this result is false without the full faithfulness hypothesis.
Orlov's famous representability theorem asserts that any fully faithful functor between the derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties is a Fourier-Mukai functor. This result has been extended by Lunts and Orlov to include functors from perfect complexes to quasi-coherent complexes. In this paper we show that the latter extension is false without the full faithfulness hypothesis. Our results are based on the properties of scalar extensions of derived categories, whose investigation was started by Pawel Sosna and the first author.
We introduce a linearised form of the square root of the Todd class inside the Verbitsky component of a hyper-Kähler manifold using the extended Mukai lattice. This enables us to define a Mukai vector for certain objects in the derived category taking values inside the extended Mukai lattice which is functorial for derived equivalences. As applications, we obtain a structure theorem for derived equivalences between hyper-Kähler manifolds as well as an integral lattice associated to the derived category of hyper-Kähler manifolds deformation equivalent to the Hilbert scheme of a K3 surface mimic…
We prove that a coherent DQ-kernel induces an equivalence between the derived categories of DQ-modules with coherent cohomology if and only if the graded commutative kernel associated to it induces an equivalence between the derived categories of coherent sheaves.
We study the derived categories of coherent sheaves on Gushel-Mukai varieties. In the derived category of such a variety, we isolate a special semiorthogonal component, which is a K3 or Enriques category according to whether the dimension of the variety is even or odd. We analyze the basic properties of this category using Hochschild homology, Hochschild cohomology, and the Grothendieck group. We study the K3 category of a Gushel-Mukai fourfold in more detail. Namely, we show that this category is equivalent to the derived category of a K3 surface for a certain codimension 1 family of rational…
In this note, we shall prove that two smooth projective varieties of dim 2n connected by a Mukai flop have equivalent bounded derived categories. More precisely, let $ϕ: X - - \to X^+$ be a Mukai flop with centers $Y \subset X$ and $Y^+ \subset X^+$. In our case, the natural fuctor $Φ: D(X) \to D(X^+)$ defined by the graph of $ϕ$ is not fully faithful. Instead, let $X \to {\bar X}$ and $X^+ \to {\bar X}$ be the birational contraction maps of the centers, and put ${\hat X} := X \times_{{\bar X} X^+$. Then ${\hat X}$ is a normal crossing variety with two irreducible components. This ${\hat X}$ d…
Due to a theorem by Orlov every exact fully faithful functor between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties is of Fourier-Mukai type. We extend this result to the case of bounded derived categories of twisted coherent sheaves and at the same time we weaken the hypotheses on the functor. As an application we get a complete description of the exact functors between the abelian categories of twisted coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties.
Canonical orders, introduced in the minimal model program for orders, are simultaneous generalisations of Kleinian singularities and their associated skew group rings. In this paper, we construct minimal resolutions of canonical orders via non-commutative cyclic covers and skew group rings. This allows us to exhibit a derived equivalence between minimal resolutions of canonical orders and the skew group ring form of the canonical order in all but one case. The Fourier-Mukai transform used to construct this equivalence allows us to make explicit, the numerical version of the McKay correspondenc…
The aim of this paper is twofold: First we give an explicit construction of the infinitesimal deformations of the category Coh(X) of coherent sheaves on a smooth projective variety X. Secondly we show that any Fourier-Mukai transform $/Phi/colon D^b(X)/to D^b(Y)$ extends to an equivalence between the derived categories of the deformed Abelian categories.
Let $X$ and $Y$ be smooth projective varieties over $\C$. We say that $X$ and $Y$ are \emph{D-equivalent} (or, $X$ is a \emph{Fourier--Mukai partner} of $Y$) if their derived categories of bounded complexes of coherent sheaves are equivalent as triangulated categories. The aim of this short note is to find an example of mutually D-equivalent but not isomorphic relatively minimal elliptic surfaces.
We study deformations of Fourier-Mukai transforms in general complex analytic settings. We start with two complex manifolds X and Y together with a coherent Fourier-Mukai kernel P on their product. Suppose that P implements an equivalence between the coherent derived categories of X and Y. Given an arbitrary formal quantization of X we construct a unique quantization of Y such that the Fourier-Mukai transform deforms to an equivalence of the derived categories of the quantizations. Here quantizations are understood in the framework of stacks of algebroids.
Given a Fourier-Mukai transform $Φ$ between the bounded derived categories of two smooth projective curves, we verifiy that the induced map between the Jacobian varieties preserves the principal polarization if and only if $Φ$ is an equivalence.
We study Fourier-Mukai transforms for smooth projective varieties whose canonical bundles have finite order, and relate them to equivariant transforms on certain finite covering spaces. Our results lead to new equivalences of derived categories for Enriques and bielliptic surfaces.
For a given Fourier-Mukai equivalence of bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth quasi-projective varieties, we construct Fourier-Mukai equivalences of derived factorization categories of gauged Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models. As an application, we obtain some equivalences of derived factorization categories of K-equivalent gauged LG models. This result is an equivariant version of the result of Baranovsky and Pecharich, and it also gives a partial answer to Segal's conjecture. As another application, we prove that if the kernel of the Fourier-Mukai equivalence is linearizable wi…
We give a new moduli construction of the minimal resolution of the singularity of type 1/r(1,a) by introducing the Special McKay quiver. To demonstrate that our construction trumps that of the G-Hilbert scheme, we show that the induced tautological line bundles freely generate the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on X by establishing a suitable derived equivalence. This gives a moduli construction of the Special McKay correspondence for abelian subgroups of GL(2).
We introduce and study kernel algebras, i.e., algebras in the category of sheaves on a square of a scheme, where the latter category is equipped with a monoidal structure via a natural convolution operation. We show that many interesting categories, such as D-modules, equivariant sheaves and their twisted versions, arise as categories of modules over kernel algebras. We develop the techniques of constructing derived equivalences between these module categories. As one application we generalize the results of math.AG/9901009 concerning modules over algebras of twisted differential operators on …
We give a conceptual proof that the Poincaré series of the coordinate algebra of a Kleinian singularity and of a Fuchsian singularity of genus 0 is the quotient of the characteristic polynomials of two Coxeter elements. These Coxeter elements are interpreted geometrically, using triangulated categories and spherical twist functors.
We prove two existing conjectures which describe the geometrical McKay correspondence for a finite abelian G in SL3(C) such that C^3/G has a single isolated singularity. We do it by studying the relation between the derived category mechanics of computing a certain Fourier-Mukai transform and a piece of toric combinatorics known as `Reid's recipe', effectively providing a categorification of the latter.
This is a rough write-up of my lecture at Kinosaki and two lectures at RIMS workshops in Dec 1996, on work in progress that has not yet reached any really worthwhile conclusion, but contains lots of fun calculations. History of Vafa's formula, how the McKay correspondence for finite subgroups of SL(n,C) relates to mirror symmetry. The main aim is to give numerical examples of how the 2 McKay correspondences (1) representations of G <--> cohomology of resolution (2) conjugacy classes of G <--> homology must work, and to restate my 1992 Conjecture as a tautology, like cohomology or K-theory of p…
In 1996, Rothstein and Laumon simultaneously constructed a Fourier-Mukai transform for D-modules over a locally noetherian base of characteristic 0. This functor induces an equivalence of categories between quasi-coherent sheaves of D-modules over an abelian variety A and quasicoherent sheaves of O-modules over its universal vectorial extension A. In this article, we define a Fourier-Mukai transform for D-modules on an abelian formal scheme A/S = Spf (V), where V is a discrete valuation ring, and we discuss the extension of the classical results of Fourier-Mukai transform to this arithmetic ca…
We show that the derived category of coherent sheaves on the quotient stack of the affine plane by a finite small subgroup of the general linear group is obtained from the derived category of coherent sheaves on the minimal resolution by adding a semiorthogonal summand with a full exceptional collection. The proof is based on an explicit construction in the abelian case, together with the analysis of the behavior of the derived categories of coherent sheaves under root constructions.
We investigate a construction providing pairs of Calabi-Yau varieties described as zero loci of pushforwards of a hyperplane section on a roof as described by Kanemitsu. We discuss the implications of such construction at the level of Hodge equivalence, derived equivalence and $\mathbb L$-equivalence. For the case of $K3$ surfaces, we provide alternative interpretations for the Fourier-Mukai duality in the family of $K3$ surfaces of degree 12 of Mukai. In all these constructions the derived equivalence lifts to an equivalence of matrix factorizations categories.
A theorem by Orlov states that any equivalence between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves of two smooth projective varieties, X and Y, is isomorphic to a Fourier-Mukai transform with kernel in the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves of the product XxY. In the case of an exact functor which is not necessarily fully faithful, we compute some sheaves that play the role of the cohomology sheaves of the kernel, and that are isomorphic to the latter whenever an isomorphism to a Fourier-Mukai transform exists. We then exhibit a class of functors that are not full or faithful …
We prove two theorems on the derived categories of toric varieties, the existence of an exceptional collection consisting of sheaves for a divisorial extraction and the finiteness of Fourier-Mukai partners.
Let C be small category and A an arbitrary category. Consider the category C(A) whose objects are functors from C to A, and whose morphisms are natural transformations. Given a functor F : A --> B one obtains an induced functor F_C : C(A) --> C(B) . If A and B are abelian categories, we have that C(A) and C(B) are also abelian, and one has two functors R(F_C) : D(C(A)) --> D(C(B)) and (RF)_ C : C(D(A)) --> C(D (B)). The goals of this paper are: 1) to find a relationship between D (C(A)) and C(D(A)); 2) to relate the functors R(F_C) and (RF)_C. As an application, we prove a version of Mukai's T…
Let $G$ be a finite subgroup in SU(2), and $Q$ the corresponding affine Dynkin diagram. In this paper, we review the relation between the categories of $G$-equivariant sheaves on $P^1$ and $Rep Q_h$, where $h$ is an orientation of $Q$, constructing an explicit equivalence of corresponding derived categories.
This paper contains some applications of Fourier-Mukai techniques to the birational geometry of threefolds. In particular, we prove that birational Calabi-Yau threefolds have equivalent derived categories. To do this we show how flops arise naturally as moduli spaces of perverse coherent sheaves.
This article is based on a talk given at the Kinosaki Symposium on Algebraic Geometry in 2015, about a work in progress. We describe a polarization on a derived equivalent abelian variety by using Fourier-Mukai theory. We explicitly formulate a conjecture which says certain Fourier-Mukai transforms between derived categories give equivalences of some hearts of Bridgeland stability conditions. We establish it for abelian surfaces, which is already known due to D. Huybrechts, and for abelian 3-folds. This generalizes the author's previous joint work with A. Maciocia on principally polarized abel…
We study here the crepant resolution correspondence for the torus equivariant descendent Gromov-Witten theories of Hilb(C2) and Sym(C2).The descendent correspondence is obtained from our previous matching of the associated CohFTs by applying Givental's quantization formula to a specific symplectic transformation K. The first result of the paper is an explicit computation of K. Our main result then establishes a fundamental relationship between the Fourier-Mukai equivalence of the associated derived categories (by Bridgeland, King, and Reid) and the symplectic transformation K via Iritani's int…
We discuss the following problem: how can an arbitrary Fourier-Mukai transform $ϕ: \mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}( \mathbb{P}^a ) \rightarrow \mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}( \mathbb{P}^b )$ between the bounded derived categories of two projective spaces of dimensions $a$ and $b$ be expressed in explicit terms as an exact functor between the homotopy categories $\mathrm{K}^{\mathrm{b}}( \mathbb{B}^a ) \rightarrow \mathrm{K}^{\mathrm{b}}( \mathbb{B}^b )$ generated by the full strong exceptional sequences of the line bundles $\mathbb{B}^a = \{\mathcal{O}(-a), \dots, \mathcal{O}\}$ and $\mathbb{B}^b = \{\mathca…
We prove an equivalence of triangulated categories between Orlov's triangulated category of singularities for a Gorenstein cyclic quotient singularity and the derived category of representations of a quiver with relations which is obtained from the McKay quiver by removing one vertex and half of the arrows.
The main propose of this paper is to show that Bridgeland's moduli space of perverse point sheaves for certain flopping contractions gives the flops, and the Fourier-Mukai transform given by the birational correspondence of the flop is an equivalence between bounded derived categories.
The classical Fourier-Mukai duality establishes an equivalence of categories between the derived categories of sheaves on dual complex tori. In this article we show that this equivalence extends to an equivalence between two dual objects. Both of these are generalized deformations of the complex tori. In one case, a complex torus is deformed formally in a non-commutative direction specified by a holomorphic Poisson structure. In the other, the dual complex torus is deformed in a B-field direction to a formal gerbe. We show these two deformations are Fourier-Mukai equivalent.
We prove a general criterion which guarantees that an admissible subcategory $\mathcal{K}$ of the derived category of an abelian category is equivalent to the bounded derived category of the heart of a bounded t-structure. As a consequence, we show that $\mathcal{K}$ has a strongly unique dg enhancement, applying the recent results of Canonaco, Neeman and Stellari. We apply this criterion to the Kuznetsov component $\mathop{\mathcal{K}u}(X)$ when $X$ is a cubic fourfold, a Gushel--Mukai variety or a quartic double solid. In particular, we obtain that these Kuznetsov components have strongly un…
We consider the moduli space of the McKay quiver representations associated to the binary polyhedral groups G < SU(2) < SU(3). The derived category of such representations is equivalent to the derived category of coherent sheaves on the corresponding ADE resolution Y=G-Hilb(C^3). Following the ideas of Nagao and Nakajima, by making particular choices of parameters in the space of stability conditions on the equivalent derived categories above, we recover Donaldson-Thomas (DT), Pandharipande-Thomas (PT) and Szendroi (NCDT) moduli spaces. We also compute the Gromov-Witten (GW) partition function…
We investigate conditions for a Fourier-Mukai transform between derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective stacks endowed with actions by finite groups to lift to the associated equivariant derived categories. As an application we give a condition under which a global quotient stack cannot be derived equivalent to a variety. We also apply our techniques to generalised Kummer stacks and symmetric quotients.
In this paper we prove an analogue of the McKay correspondence for Landau-Ginzburg models. Our proof is based on the ideas introduced by T. Bridgeland, A. King and M. Reid, which reformulate and generalize the McKay correspondence in the language of derived categories, along with the techniques introduced by J.-C. Chen.
Let M be a quasiprojective algebraic manifold with K_M=0 and G a finite automorphism group of M acting trivially on the canonical class K_M; for example, a subgroup G of SL(n,C) acting on C^n in the obvious way. We aim to study the quotient variety X=M/G and its resolutions Y -> X (especially under the assumption that Y has K_Y=0) in terms of G-equivariant geometry of M. At present we know 4 or 5 quite different methods of doing this, taken from string theory, algebraic geometry, motives, moduli, derived categories, etc. For G in SL(n,C) with n=2 or 3, we obtain several methods of cobbling tog…
We study the Hodge theory of twisted derived categories and its relation to the period-index problem. Our main contribution is the development of a theory of twisted Mukai structures for topologically trivial Brauer classes on arbitrary smooth proper varieties and in families. As applications, we construct Hodge classes whose algebraicity would imply period-index bounds; construct new counterexamples to the integral Hodge conjecture on Severi-Brauer varieties; and prove the integral Hodge conjecture for derived categories of Deligne-Mumford surfaces.
We study the derived categories of twisted supersingular K3 surfaces. We prove a derived crystalline Torelli theorem for twisted supersingular K3 surfaces, characterizing Fourier-Mukai equivalences in terms of isomorphisms between their associated K3 crystals. This is a positive characteristic analog of the Hodge-theoretic derived Torelli theorem of Orlov, and its extension to twisted K3 surfaces by Huybrechts and Stellari. We give applications to various questions concerning Fourier-Mukai partners, extending results of Căldăraru and Huybrechts and Stellari. We also give an exact formula for t…
We examine the extent to which a smooth minimal complex projective surface X is determined by its derived category of coherent sheaves D(X). To do this we find, for each such surface X, the set of surfaces Y for which there exists a Fourier-Mukai transform D(Y) --> D(X).
