Differential geometry of Cartan connections

关于Cartan联络的Chern-Weil类的注记

A note on Chern-Weil classes of Cartan connections

本文为共享相同底数据的Cartan几何对提出了Chern-Weil示性类的构造方法，通过定义Atiyah代数胚上的多项式子代数与特征映射，在特定条件下恢复了Cartan联络的经典Chern-Weil映射。

Cartan connections and natural and projectively equivariant quantizations

In this paper, we analyse the question of existence of a natural and projectively equivariant symbol calculus, using the theory of projective Cartan connections. We establish a close relationship between the existence of such a natural symbol calculus and the existence of an \sl(m+1,\R)-equivariant calculus over \R^{m} in the sense of [15,1]. Moreover we show that the formulae that hold in the non-critical situations over \R^{m} for the \sl(m+1,\R)-equivariant calculus can be directly generalized to an arbitrary manifold by simply replacing the partial derivatives by invariant differentiations…

Cartan Connection for h-Matsumoto change

In the present paper, we have studied the Matsumoto change $\overline{L}(x,y)= \frac{L^{2}(x,y)}{L(x,y) - β(x,y)} $ with an \textsl{h-}vector $b_{i}(x,y)$. We have derived some fundamental tensors for this transformation. We have also obtained the necessary and sufficient condition for which the Cartan connection coefficients for both the spaces $F^{n}=(M^n,L)$ and $\overline{F}^{\,n}=(M^{n},\overline{L})$ are same.

Cartan Connections on Lie Groupoids and their Integrability

A multiplicatively closed, horizontal $n$-plane field $D$ on a Lie groupoid $G$ over $M$ generalizes to intransitive geometry the classical notion of a Cartan connection. The infinitesimalization of the connection $D$ is a Cartan connection $\nabla $ on the Lie algebroid of $G$, a notion already studied elsewhere by the author. It is shown that $\nabla $ may be regarded as infinitesimal parallel translation in the groupoid $G$ along $D$. From this follows a proof that $D$ defines a pseudoaction generating a pseudogroup of transformations on $M$ precisely when the curvature of $\nabla $ vanishe…

The works of Charles Ehresmann on connections: from Cartan connections to connections on fibre bundles

Around 1923, Elie Cartan introduced affine connections on manifolds and definedthe main related concepts: torsion, curvature, holonomy groups. He discussed applications of these concepts in Classical and Relativistic Mechanics; in particular he explained how parallel transport with respect to a connection can be related to the principle of inertia in Galilean Mechanics and, more generally, can be used to model the motion of a particle in a gravitational field. In subsequent papers, Elie Cartan extended these concepts for other types of connections on a manifold: Euclidean, Galilean and Minkows…

Natural and projectively equivariant quantizations by means of Cartan Connections

The existence of a natural and projectively equivariant quantization in the sense of Lecomte [20] was proved recently by M. Bordemann [4], using the framework of Thomas-Whitehead connections. We give a new proof of existence using the notion of Cartan projective connections and we obtain an explicit formula in terms of these connections. Our method yields the existence of a projectively equivariant quantization if and only if an \sl(m+1,\R)-equivariant quantization exists in the flat situation in the sense of [18], thus solving one of the problems left open by M. Bordemann.

Ideas of E.~Cartan and S.~Lie in modern geometry: $G$-structures and differential equations. Lecture 4

This is the lecture 4 of a mini-course of 4 lectures. Our purpose of this mini-curse is to explain some ideas of E. Cartan and S. Lie when we study differential geometry, particularly we will to explain the Cartan reduction method. The Cartan reduction method is a technique in Differential Geometry for determining whether two geometrical structure are the same up to a diffeomorphism. This method use new tools of differential geometry as principal bundles, $G$-structures and jets theory. We start with an example of a $G$-structure: the 3-webs in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. Here we use the Cartan method t…

Ideas of E.~Cartan and S.~Lie in modern geometry: $G$-structures and differential equations. Lecture 3

This is the lecture 3 of a mini-course of 4 lectures. Our purpose of this mini-curse is to explain some ideas of E. Cartan and S. Lie when we study differential geometry, particularly we will to explain the Cartan reduction method. The Cartan reduction method is a technique in Differential Geometry for determining whether two geometrical structure are the same up to a diffeomorphism. This method use new tools of differential geometry as principal bundles, $G$-structures and jets theory. We start with an example of a $G$-structure: the 3-webs in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. Here we use the Cartan method t…

Ideas of E. Cartan and S. Lie in modern geometry: $G$-structures and differential equations. Lecture 1

This is the lecture 1 of a mini-course of 4 lectures. Our purpose of this mini-curse is to explain some ideas of E. Cartan and S. Lie when we study differential geometry, particularly we will to explain the Cartan reduction method. The Cartan reduction method is a technique in Differential Geometry for determining whether two geometrical structure are the same up to a diffeomorphism. This method use new tools of differential geometry as principal bundles, $G$-structures and jets theory. We start with an example of a $G$-structure: the 3-webs in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. Here we use the Cartan method t…

Ideas of E.~Cartan and S.~Lie in modern geometry: $G$-structures and differential equations. Lecture 2

This is the lecture 2 of a mini-course of 4 lectures. Our purpose of this mini-curse is to explain some ideas of E. Cartan and S. Lie when we study differential geometry, particularly we will to explain the Cartan reduction method. The Cartan reduction method is a technique in Differential Geometry for determining whether two geometrical structure are the same up to a diffeomorphism. This method use new tools of differential geometry as principal bundles, $G$-structures and jets theory. We start with an example of a $G$-structure: the 3-webs in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. Here we use the Cartan method t…

Cartan equivalence problem for third order differential operators

This article is dedicated to solve the equivalence problem for two third order differential operators on the line under general fiber--preserving transformation using the Cartan method of equivalence. We will do three versions of the equivalence problems: first via the direct equivalence problem, second equivalence problem is to determine conditions on two differential operators such that there exists a fiber-preserving transformations mapping one to the other according to gauge equivalence.

秩2分布的辛化、正规Cartan联络与Cartan延拓

Symplectification of Rank 2 Distributions, Normal Cartan Connections, and Cartan Prolongations

本文通过Tanaka--Morimoto理论证明秩2分布辛化对应的正规Cartan联络存在性，并揭示其与迭代Cartan延拓的关系，回答了极小迭代次数问题。

k-Dirac operator and the Cartan-Kahler theorem for weighted differential operators

The k-Dirac operator is a differential operator which is natural to geometric structure of a parabolic type. We will give a set of initial conditions for this operator. In the proof of the claim we will need to adapt some parts from the theory of exterior differential systems to the setting of weighted differential operators.

Homogeneous Cartan Geometries

We describe invariant principal and Cartan connections on homogeneous principal bundles and show how to calculate the curvature and the holonomy; in the case of an invariant Cartan connection we give a formula for the infinitesimal automorphisms. The main result of this paper is that the above calculations are purely algorithmic. As an example of an homogeneous parabolic geometry we treat a conformal structure on the product of two spheres.

Proper Cartan Groupoids: Reduction to the Regular Case

We discuss a method for constructing multiplicative connections on proper Lie groupoids or, more exactly, for reducing the task of constructing such connections to a number of in principle simpler tasks involving only Lie groupoids that are both proper and regular.

On the Lie and Cartan Theory of Invariant Differential Systems, III

It is presently our aim to undertake the discussion, of the Parts I and II, on the infinitesimal level and outline as well the transition from infinitesimal to finite, the main reason for this being, of course, the well known fact that arguments and calculation on the infinitesimal level are far simpler that those on the finite level.

Tanaka structures (non holonomic G-structures) and Cartan connections

Let \gh = \gh_{-k}\oplus \cdots \oplus \gh_{l} (k >0, l \geq 0) be a finite dimensional real graded Lie algebra, with a Euclidian metric \langle \cdot , \cdot \rangle adapted to the gradation. The metric \langle\cdot , \cdot \rangle is called admissible if the codifferentials \partial^{*} : C^{k+1}(\gh_{-}, \gh ) \ra C^{k} (\gh_{-}, \gh) (k\geq 0) are Ad_{Q}-invariant (Lie(Q) = \gh_{0}\oplus \gh_{+}). We find necessary and sufficient conditions for a Euclidian metric, adapted to the gradation, to be admissible, and we develop a theory of normal Cartan connections, when these conditions are sat…

Cartan等价方法在五阶微分算子上的应用

Cartan equivalence method on fifth-order differential operator

本文运用Cartan等价方法，解决了直线上五阶微分算子在纤维保持变换下的直接等价问题及规范等价条件问题。

Canonical Cartan connection and holomorphic invariants on Engel CR manifolds

We describe a complete system of invariants for 4-dimensional CR manifolds of CR dimension 1 and codimension 2 with Engel CR distribution by constructing an explicit canonical Cartan connection. We also investigate the relation between the Cartan connection and the normal form of the defining equation of an embedded Engel CR manifold.

Regular Cartan groupoids and longitudinal representations

With the intent of laying the groundwork for a program that aims at explicitly describing the space of Cartan (i.e. multiplicative) connections on a general proper Lie groupoid, we begin to investigate the space of such connections in the regular case. We point out that there is a close relationship between Cartan connections on a proper regular groupoid and representations of the groupoid on its own longitudinal bundle (i.e. on the vector distribution tangent to its orbits). This observation enables us to reduce the original problem to a simpler one. We carry out a prospective study of the la…

Cones and Cartan geometry

We show that the extended principal bundle of a Cartan geometry of type $(A(m,\mathbb{R}),GL(m,\mathbb{R}))$, endowed with its extended connection $\hatω$, is isomorphic to the principal $A(m,\mathbb{R})$-bundle of affine frames endowed with the affine connection as defined in classical Kobayashi-Nomizu volume I. Then we classify the local holonomy groups of the Cartan geometry canonically associated to a Riemannian manifold. It follows that if the holonomy group of the Cartan geometry canonically associated to a Riemannian manifold is compact then the Riemannian manifold is locally a product …

Cartan's Structural Equations for Singular Manifolds

The classical Cartan's structural equations show in a compact way the relation between a connection and its curvature, and reveals their geometric interpretation in terms of moving frames. In order to study the mathematical properties of singularities, we need to study the geometry of manifolds endowed on the tangent bundle with a symmetric bilinear form which is allowed to become degenerate. But if the fundamental tensor is allowed to be degenerate, there are some obstructions in constructing the geometric objects normally associated to the fundamental tensor. Also, local orthonormal frames a…

Symmetries of Einstein-Weyl Manifolds with Boundary

Starting from a real analytic surface $\mathcal{M}$ with a real analytic conformal Cartan connection A. Borówka constructed a minitwistor space of an asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein-Weyl manifold with $\mathcal{M}$ being the boundary. In this article, starting from a symmetry of conformal Cartan connection, we prove that symmetries of conformal Cartan connection on $\mathcal{M}$ can be extended to symmetries of the obtained Einstein-Weyl manifold.

以Lorentz-Minkowski时空未来光锥为模型的Cartan几何

Cartan geometries with model the future lightlike cone of Lorentz-Minkowski spacetime

本文建立以Lorentz-Minkowski时空未来光锥为模型的光like Cartan几何理论，通过构造标准tractor丛给出其向量丛数据刻画，并揭示Cartan联络中超出度量与根数据的额外几何信息。

The Relation Between the Associate Almost Complex Structure to $HM'$ and $(HM',S,T)$-Cartan Connections

In the present paper, the $(HM',S,T)$-Cartan connections on pseudo-Finsler manifolds, introduced by A. Bejancu and H.R. Farran, are obtained by the natural almost complex structure arising from the nonlinear connection $HM'$. We prove that the natural almost complex linear connection associated to a $(HM',S,T)$-Cartan connection is a metric linear connection with respect to the Sasaki metric $G$. Finally we give some conditions for $(M', J, G)$ to be a Kähler manifold.

Invariant operators on manifolds with almost Hermitian symmetric structures, II. Normal Cartan connections

In the first part of this series of papers we developed the invariant differentiation with respect to a Cartan connection, we described this procedure in the terms of the underlying principal connections, and we discussed applications of this theory to the construction of natural operators. In this part we will extend the results of \cite{Ochiai, 70} on the existence and the uniqueness of the so called normal Cartan connections on manifolds with almost Hermitian symmetric structures to first order structures which do not admit a torsion free linear connection. Moreover, for each of these struc…

On the Lie and Cartan Theory of Invariant Differential Systems, II

We start discussing basic properties of Lie groupoids and Lie pseudo-groups in view of applying these techniques to the analysis of Jordan-Hölder resolutions and the subsequent integration of partial differential equations which is the summit of Lie and Cartan's work. Next, we discuss the integration problem for systems of partial differential equations in one unknown function and special attention is given to the first order systems. The Grassmannian contact structures are the basic setting for our discussion and the major part of our considerations inquires on the nature of the Cauchy charac…

Universal Cartan-Lie algebroid of an anchored bundle with connection and compatible geometries

Consider an anchored bundle $(E,ρ)$, i.e. a vector bundle $E\to M$ equipped with a bundle map $ρ\colon E \to TM$ covering the identity. M.~Kapranov showed in the context of Lie-Rinehard algebras that there exists an extension of this anchored bundle to an infinite rank universal free Lie algebroid $FR(E)\supset E$. We adapt his construction to the case of an anchored bundle equipped with an arbitrary connection, $(E,\nabla)$, and show that it gives rise to a unique connection $\tilde \nabla$ on $FR(E)$ which is compatible with its Lie algebroid structure, thus turning $(FR(E), \tilde \nabla)$ …

黎曼几何中对应空间导出的嘉当几何

A Cartan geometry from a correspondence space in Riemannian geometry

该研究探讨黎曼几何中对应空间导出的嘉当几何，证明(Euc(n),O(n-1))型嘉当几何与底流形的近接触度量结构等数据一一对应，且n≥3时存在正则嘉当联络。

Canonical Cartan connection for $4$-dimensional CR-manifolds belonging to general class ${\sf II}$

We study the equivalence problem for $4$-dimensional CR-manifolds of CR-dimension $1$ and codimension $2$ which are referred to as Engel CR-manifolds. We construct a canonical Cartan connection on such CR-manifolds through Cartan equivalence's method. In particular, we give the explicit expression of $4$ biholomorphic invariants, the annulation of which is a necessary and sufficient condition for an Engel manifold to be locally biholomorphic to Beloshapka's cubic in $\mathbb{C}^3$.

子黎曼结构与非传递的卡坦几何 via 利群oids

Sub-Riemannian structures and non-transitive Cartan geometries via Lie groupoids

本文探讨如何为1阶余秩子黎曼流形（包括接触和准接触子黎曼流形）构造合适的非传递卡坦连接，通过将子黎曼符号的变化转化为合适的

On canonical Cartan connections associated to filtered G-structures

A filtered manifold is a smooth manifold $M$ together with a filtration of the tangent bundle by smooth subbundles which is compatible with the Lie bracket of vector fields in a certain sense. The Lie bracket of vector fields then induces a bilinear operation on the associated graded of each tangent space of $M$ making it into a nilpotent graded Lie algebra. Assuming that these symbol algebras are the same for all points, one obtains a natural frame bundle for the associated graded to the tangent bundle, and filtered G--structures are defined as reductions of structure group of this bundle. Ge…

Geometry of extended Bianchi-Cartan-Vranceanu spaces

The differential geometry of $3$-dimensional Bianchi, Cartan and Vranceanu ($BCV$) spaces is well known. We introduce the extended Bianchi, Cartan and Vranceanu ($EBCV$) spaces as a natural seven dimensional generalization of $BCV$ spaces and study some of their main geometric properties, such as the Levi-Civita connection, Ricci curvatures, Killing fields and geodesics.

Cartan connections for stochastic developments on sub-Riemannian manifolds

Analogous to the characterisation of Brownian motion on a Riemannian manifold as the development of Brownian motion on a Euclidean space, we construct sub-Riemannian diffusions on equinilpotentisable sub-Riemannian manifolds by developing a canonical stochastic process arising as the lift of Brownian motion to an associated model space. The notion of stochastic development we introduce for equinilpotentisable sub-Riemannian manifolds uses Cartan connections, which take the place of the Levi-Civita connection in Riemannian geometry. We first derive a general expression for the generator of the …

Cartan connections and path structures with large automorphisms groups

We classify compact manifolds of dimension three equipped with a path structure and a fixed contact form (which we refer to as a strict path structure) under the hypothesis that their automorphism group is non-compact. We use a Cartan connection associated to the structure and show that its curvature is constant.

Cartan Connection for Schrödinger equation. The nature of vacuum

We reinterpret the Schrödinger equation as a continuity equation in the space with the Cartan connection given by scaling Lie-Bäcklund group on a specific jet space. In this space, the wave function and their gradient coordinates are treated as independent coordinates. This approach gives a full Cartan connection form a divergence-free condition. Once constructed, the connection makes it possible to investigate the geometry of the space on which this Schrödinger-Cartan connection is constructed. This is the idea that generalizes the concepts present in de Broglie-Bohm (pilot wave) theory in a …

Lightlike manifolds and Cartan geometries

Lightlike Cartan geometries are introduced as Cartan geometries modelled on the future lightlike cone in Lorentz-Minkowski spacetime. Then, we provide an approach to the study of lightlike manifolds from this point of view. It is stated that every lightlike Cartan geometry on a manifold $N$ provides a lightlike metric $h$ with radical distribution globally spanned by a vector field $Z$. For lightlike hypersurfaces of a Lorentz manifold, we give the condition that characterizes when the pull-back of the Levi-Civita connection form of the ambient manifold is a lightlike Cartan connection on such…

Adiabatic limit and connections in Finsler Geometry

In this paper, we identify the Bott connection on the natural foliation of the projective sphere bundle of a Finsler manifold to the Chern connection of this manifold. As a consequence, the symmetrization of the Bott connection turns out to be the Cartan connection of the Finsler manifold. Following Liu-Zhang \cite{LiuZ}, the Cartan connection can also be obtained through an adiabatic limit process. Furthermore, a Chern-Simons type form is defined and its conformal properties are discussed.

复Cartan几何的特征形式III：G-结构

Characteristic forms of complex Cartan geometries III: G-structures

本文研究复Cartan几何中G-结构的特征形式，提出从结构群表示论直接计算Dolbeault上同调中的特征类关系，并扩展至无限型几何结构。

Finsler几何的度量方法

A metrical approach to Finsler geometry

本文提出Finsler几何的度量表述，从度量与Finsler联络的相容性公理推导出度量的Hessian性质、非线性联络及Chern或Cartan联络，适用于场论和Finsler引力研究。

Courant cohomology, Cartan calculus, connections, curvature, characteristic classes

We give an explicit description, in terms of bracket, anchor, and pairing, of the standard cochain complex associated to a Courant algebroid. In this formulation, the differential satisfies a formula that is formally identical to the Cartan formula for the de Rham differential. This perspective allows us to develop the theory of Courant algebroid connections in a way that mirrors the classical theory of connections. Using a special class of connections, we construct secondary characteristic classes associated to any Courant algebroid.

Canonical Cartan Connections on Maximally Minimal Generic Submanifolds M^5 in C^4

On a real analytic 5-dimensional CR-generic submanifold M^5 in C^4 of codimension 3, hence of CR dimension 1, which enjoys the generically satisfied nondegeneracy condition that Lie brackets up to length 3 of T^{1,0}M generate CTM, a canonical Cartan connection is constructed after reduction to a certain partially explicit e-structure of the concerned local biholomorphic equivalence problem. More advanced explorations of the incoming differential invariants due to the first and to the third authors already appeared in January 2014, hence the purpose is to show, while studying this specific Cla…

Algebraic constructions in the category of vector bundles

The category of generalized Lie algebroids is presented. We obtain an exterior differential calculus for generalized Lie algebroids. In particular, we obtain similar results with the classical and modern results for Lie algebroids. So, a new result of Maurer-Cartan type is presented. Supposing that any vector subbundle of the pullback vector bundle of a generalized Lie algebroid is called interior differential system (IDS) for that generalized Lie algebroid, a theorem of Cartan type is obtained. Extending the classical notion of exterior differential system (EDS) to generalized Lie algebroids,…

$C^\infty$-环化空间上的嘉当演算

Cartan calculus for $C^\infty$-ringed spaces

本文在局部$C^\infty$-环化空间上定义向量场层、缩并和李导数，并证明嘉当演算的标准方程在该空间中成立。

牛顿-嘉当几何中一般仿射联络的分类：迈向度量仿射牛顿-嘉当引力

The classification of general affine connections in Newton--Cartan geometry: Towards metric-affine Newton--Cartan gravity

本文针对伽利略流形上的一般仿射联络，基于可独立指定张量场完成完整分类，推广了已有伽利略联络相关结论，明确了非度量相容联络的自由度来源。

复Cartan几何特征形式II

Characteristic forms of complex Cartan geometries II

本文研究复Cartan几何的特征形式，通过允许非紧致和非Kähler流形，推导了向量丛的上同调不变量，并首次给出了Cartan几何的Chern-Simons不变量结果。

Covariant Derivatives of Mutivector and Extensor Fields

We give in this paper which is the fifth in a series of eight a theory of covariant derivatives of multivector and extensor fields based on the geometric calculus of an arbitrary smooth manifold M, and the notion of a connection extensor field defining a parallelism structure on M. Also we give a novel and intrinsic presentation (i.e., one that does not depend on a chosen orthonormal moving frame) of the torsion and curvature fields of Cartan's theory. Two kinds of Cartan's connection fields are identified, and both appear in the intrinsic Cartan's structure equations satisfied by the Cartan's…

通过新型数据驱动 Cartan 型联络实现用于血管树追踪的测地线追踪

Geodesic Tracking via New Data-driven Connections of Cartan Type for Vascular Tree Tracking

本文提出 $\mathbb{M}_2$ 上的数据驱动 plus Cartan 联络及相应测地线模型，并用改进各向异性快速行进法实现视网膜复杂血管与完整血管树的全局最优追踪。

A groupoid approach to transitive differential geometry

This work is a spin-off of an on-going programme which aims at revisiting the original studies of Lie and Cartan on pseudogroups and geometric structures from a modern perspective. We encode geometric structures induced by transitive Lie pseudogroups into principal $G$-bundles equipped with a transversally parallelisable foliation generated by a subalgebra of $\mathfrak{g}$, called Cartan bundles. Our approach is complementary to arXiv:1911.13147 and is based on Morita equivalence of Lie groupoids. After identifying the main examples and properties, we develop a notion of flatness with respect…

MacDowell-Mansouri gravity and Cartan geometry

The geometric content of the MacDowell-Mansouri formulation of general relativity is best understood in terms of Cartan geometry. In particular, Cartan geometry gives clear geometric meaning to the MacDowell-Mansouri trick of combining the Levi-Civita connection and coframe field, or soldering form, into a single physical field. The Cartan perspective allows us to view physical spacetime as tangentially approximated by an arbitrary homogeneous "model spacetime", including not only the flat Minkowski model, as is implicitly used in standard general relativity, but also de Sitter, anti de Sitter…

Standard Tractors and the Conformal Ambient Metric Construction

In this paper we relate the Fefferman-Graham ambient metric construction for conformal manifolds to the approach to conformal geometry via the canonical Cartan connection. We show that from any ambient metric that satisfies a weakening of the usual normalisation condition, one can construct the conformal standard tractor bundle and the normal standard tractor connection, which are equivalent to the Cartan bundle and the Cartan connection. This result is applied to obtain a procedure to get tractor formulae for all conformal invariants that can be obtained from the ambient metric construction. …

Symmetric Space Cartan Connections and Gravity in Three and Four Dimensions

Einstein gravity in both 3 and 4 dimensions, as well as some interesting generalizations, can be written as gauge theories in which the connection is a Cartan connection for geometry modeled on a symmetric space. The relevant models in 3 dimensions include Einstein gravity in Chern-Simons form, as well as a new formulation of topologically massive gravity, with arbitrary cosmological constant, as a single constrained Chern-Simons action. In 4 dimensions the main model of interest is MacDowell-Mansouri gravity, generalized to include the Immirzi parameter in a natural way. I formulate these the…

Symmetries of Differential Equations via Cartan's Method of Equivalence

We formulate a method of computing invariant 1-forms and structure equations of symmetry pseudo-groups of differential equations based on Cartan's method of equivalence and the moving coframe method introduced by Fels and Olver. Our apparoach does not require a preliminary computation of infinitesimal defining systems, their analysis and integration, and uses differentiation and linear algebra operations only. Examples of its applications are given.

Intersection between the geometry of generalized Lie algebroids and some aspects of interior and exterior differential systems

An exterior differential calculus in the general framework of generalized Lie algebroids is presented. A theorem of Maurer-Cartan type is obtained. All results with details proofs are presented and a new point of view over exterior differential calculus for Lie algebroids is obtained. Using the theory of linear connections of Ehresmann type presented in the firstt reference, the identities of Cartan and Bianchi type are presented. Supposing that any vector subbundle of the pull-back Lie algebroid of a generalized Lie algebroid is interior differential system (IDS) for that generalized Lie alge…