Maxence Cuvilliez, Aniceto Murillo, Antonio Viruel
In this paper we study the nilpotency of certain groups of self homotopy equivalences. Our main goal is to extend, to localized homotopy groups and/or homotopy groups with coefficients, the general principle of Dror and Zabrodsky by which a group of self homotopy equivalences of a finite space which acts nilpotently on the homotopy groups is itself nilpotent.
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A p-compact group is a mod p homotopy theoretical analogue of a compact Lie group. It is determined the homotopy nilpotency class of a p-compact group having the homotopy type of the $p$-completion of the direct product of spheres.
The semigroup of the homotopy classes of the self-homotopy maps of a finite complex which induce the trivial homomorphism on homotopy groups is nilpotent. We determine the nilpotency of these semigroups of compact Lie groups and finite Hopf spaces of rank 2. We also study the nilpotency of semigroups for Lie groups of higher rank. Especially, we give Lie groups with the nilpotency of the semigroups arbitrarily large.
We prove a nilpotency theorem for the Bauer-Furuta stable homotopy Seiberg-Witten invariants for smooth closed 4-manifolds with trivial first Betti number.
Homology Nilpotency in Rational Homotopy Theory: Cell Attachments, Retractive Towers, Divergence, and Stabilization
该研究在有理同伦理论中构造了nil_h(M)=3<Hnil(M)=4的极小Sullivan代数，揭示同调幂零性的商缺陷可通过逐次有限单连通有理球楔积稳定化消除，建立了稳定化后同调幂零性与同伦范畴的关系。
Let $\rm{Aut}(p)$ denote the space of all self-fibre homotopy equivalences of a principal $G$-bundle $p: E\rightarrow X$ of simply connected CW complexes with $E$ finite. When $G$ is a compact connected topological group, we show that there exists an inequality $$n-{\rm N}(p)\leq {\rm Hnil}_{\mathbb{Q}}({\rm{Aut}}(p)_0)\leq n$$ for any space $X$, where $n$ is the number of non-trivial rational homotopy groups of $G$ and ${\rm N}(p)$ is defined in Section 2. In particular, ${\rm Hnil}_{\mathbb{Q}}({\rm{Aut}}(p)_{0})=n$ if $p$ is a fibre-homotopy trivial bundle and X is finite.
Nilpotency for discrete groups can be defined in terms of central extensions. In this paper, the analogous definition for spaces is stated in terms of principal fibrations having infinite loop spaces as fibers, yielding a new invariant we compare with classical cocategory, but also with the more recent notion of homotopy nilpotency introduced by Biedermann and Dwyer. This allows us to characterize finite homotopy nilpotent loop spaces in the spirit of Hubbuck's Torus Theorem, and corresponding results for $p$-compact groups and $p$-Noetherian groups.
In this paper, we study simplicial commutative algebras with finite André-Quillen homology. Here we restrict our focus to simplicial algebras having characteristic 2. Our aim is to find a generalization of results established by the author. Our goal is to replace the finiteness condition on homotopy with a weaker condition expressed in terms of nilpotency for the action of the homotopy operations. Coupled with the finiteness assumption on André-Quillen homology, this nilpotency condition provides a way to bound the height at which the homology vanishes. As a consequence, we establish a special…
We show nilpotency and completeness results for the homotopy automorphisms of a marked n-stage for an unstable coalgebra. These objects figure in the moduli problem of unstable coalgebras. Our theorems extend classical work of Dror, Zabrodsky, Maruyama and Møller.
The notion of a dual polyhedral product is introduced as a generalization of Hovey's definition of Lusternik-Schnirelmann cocategory. Properties established from homotopy decompositions that relate the based loops on a polyhedral product to the based loops on its dual are used to show that if X is a simply-connected space then the weak cocategory of X equals the homotopy nilpotency class of the based loops on X. This answers a fifty year old question posed by Ganea. The methods are applied to determine the homotopy nilpotency class of quasi-p-regular exceptional Lie groups and sporadic p-compa…
Let $G$ be a finite 2-group of maximal nilpotency class, and let $BG$ be its classifying space. We prove that iterated Massey products in $H^*(BG;\F_2)$ do characterize the homotopy type of $BG$ among 2-complete spaces with the same cohomological structure. As a consequence we get an alternative proof of the modular isomorphism problem for 2-groups of maximal nilpotency class.
By studying the group of self homotopy equivalences of the localization (at a prime $p$ and/or zero) of some aspherical complexes, we show that, contrary to the case when the considered space is a nilpotent complex, $\mathcal{E}_{\#}^m (X_{p})$ is in general different from $\mathcal{E}_{\#}^m (X)_{p}$. That is the case even when $X=K(G,1)$ is a finite complex and/or $G$ satisfies extra finiteness or nilpotency conditions, for instance, when $G$ is finite or virtually nilpotent.
A map $f:X\to Y$ to a simplicial complex $Y$ is called a $Y$-triangular homotopy equivalence if it has a homotopy inverse $g$ and homotopies $h_1:f\circ g\simeq \mathrm{id}_Y$, $h_2:g\circ f\simeq \mathrm{id}_X$ such that for all simplices $σ\in Y$, $f|_σ:f^{-1}(σ) \to σ$ is a homotopy equivalence with inverse $g|_σ:σ\to f^{-1}(σ)$ and homotopies $h_1|_σ$ and $h_2|_σ$. In this paper we prove that for all pairs $X,Y$ of finite-dimensional locally finite simplicial complexes there is an $ε(X,Y)>0$ such that any $ε$-controlled homotopy equivalence $f:X\to Y$ for $ε<ε(X,Y)$ is homotopic to a $Y$-t…
This book is an account of certain topics in general and algebraic topology. Instead of laying out a synopsis of each chapter, here is a sample of some of what is taken up: 1) Nilpotency and its role in homotopy theory. 2) Bousfield's theory of the localization of spaces and spectra. 3) Homotopy limits and colimits and their applications. 4) The James construction, symmetric products, and the Dold$-$Thom theorem. 5) Brown and Adams representability in the setting of triangulated categories 6) Operads and the May$-$Thomason theorem on the uniqueness of infinite loop space machines. 7) The plus …
In \cite{G}, G. Lupton conjectured that the group of self-homotopy equivalences of an $F_0$-space inducing the identity on the homotopy groups is finite. Thus, the aim of this paper is to establish this conjecture.
Self-Homotopy Equivalence Group of an Elliptic Space and Its Embedding in general Linear Groups
本文研究有理椭圆空间的同伦群与自同伦等价群的关系，并探讨该群在一般线性群中的嵌入。
We introduce a nested sequence of monoids related to self-homotopy equivalences of fibrewise pointed spaces, such that the limit is the group of homotopy classes of fibrewise pointed self-equivalences. We explore this monoid for the fibred product in terms of individual spaces. Further we study two related invariants associated to these monoids: self closeness number and self length.
Finite groups as homotopy self-equivalences of finite spaces
本文研究有限群作为有限空间同伦自等价类群的实现问题，利用无穷族两两非弱同伦的反对称空间，构造出同伦自等价类群同构于给定有限群$G$的有限空间。
We gather conditions on a class H of continuous maps of topological spaces that allow a reasonable theory of fibrations up to an equivalence (a map from this class) which we call H-fibrations. The weak homotopy equivalences recover quasifibrations and homology equivalences yield homology fibrations. We study local H-fibrations that behave nicely with respect to homotopy colimits together with universal H-fibrations that behave nicely with respect to pullbacks. We then proceed to classify H-fibrations up to a natural notion of equivalence.
Denote by E(Y) the group of homotopy classes of self-homotopy equivalences of a finite-dimensional complex Y. We give a selection of results about certain subgroups of E(Y). We establish a connection between the Gottlieb groups of Y and the subgroup of E(Y) consisting of homotopy classes of self-homotopy equivalences that fix homotopy groups through the dimension of Y, denoted by E_#(Y). We give an upper bound for the solvability class of E_#(Y) in terms of a cone decomposition of Y. We dualize the latter result to obtain an upper bound for the solvability class of the subgroup of E(Y) consist…
It is well known that if $X$ is a CW-complex, then for every weak homotopy equivalence $f:A\to B$, the map $f_*:[X,A]\to [X,B]$ induced in homotopy classes is a bijection. For which spaces $X$ is $f^*:[B,X]\to [A,X]$ a bijection for every weak equivalence $f$? This question was considered by J. Strom and T. Goodwillie. In this note we prove that a non-empty space inverts weak equivalences if and only if it is contractible.
For a 1-connected CW-complex $X$, let $\mathcal{E}(X)$ denote the group of homotopy classes of self-homotopy equivalences of $X$. The aim of this paper is to prove that, for every $n\in\Bbb N$, there exists a 1-connected rational CW-complex $X_{n}$ such that $\mathcal{E}(X_{n})\cong \underset{2^{n+1}\mathrm{. times}}{\underbrace{\Bbb Z_{2}\oplus... \Bbb \oplus \Bbb Z_{2}}}$.
On the topological complexity of non-simply connected spaces
本文研究了非单连通空间的拓扑复杂性，通过引入上同调类和谱序列，扩展了现有结果并确定了某些3流形的拓扑复杂性。
If F is a collection of topological spaces, then a homotopy class αin [X,Y] is called F-trivial if α_* = 0: [A,X] --> [A,Y] for all A in F. In this paper we study the collection Z_F(X,Y) of all F-trivial homotopy classes in [X,Y] when F = S, the collection of spheres, F = M, the collection of Moore spaces, and F = Σ, the collection of suspensions. Clearly Z_Σ(X,Y) \subset Z_M(X,Y) \subset Z_S(X,Y), and we find examples of finite complexes X and Y for which these inclusions are strict. We are also interested in Z_F(X) = Z_F(X,X), which under composition has the structure of a semigroup with zer…
Rational Homotopy Equivalence
本文提出算法构建Sullivan极小模型，用于判断两个连通空间是否具有相同的有理同调类型。
Bousfield and Kan's $\mathbb{Q}$-completion and fiberwise $\mathbb{Q}$-completion of spaces lead to two different approaches to the rational homotopy theory of non-simply connected spaces. In the first approach, a map is a weak equivalence if it induces an isomorphism on rational homology. In the second, a map of connected and pointed spaces is a weak equivalence if it induces an isomorphism between fundamental groups and higher rationalized homotopy groups; we call these maps $π_1$-rational homotopy equivalences. In this paper, we compare these two notions and show that $π_1$-rational homotop…
Let G be a finite group. We study the group of G-equivariant self-homotopy equivalences of product of G-spaces. For a product of n-spaces, we represent it as product of n-subgroups under the assumption of equivariant reducibility. Further we describe each factor as a split short exact sequence. Also, we obtain an another kind of factorisation, called $LU$ type decomposition, as product of two subgroups.
Let Aut(p) denote the topological monoid of self-fibre-homotopy equivalences of a fibration p:E\to B. We make a general study of this monoid, especially in rational homotopy theory. When E and B are simply connected CW complexes with E finite, we identify the rational Samelson Lie algebra of the identity component of Aut(p) as the homology of a certain DG Lie algebra of derivations arising from the Koszul-Sullivan model of p. We obtain related identifications for the rational homotopy groups of fibrewise mapping spaces and for the rationalization of a natural nilpotent subgroup of Aut(p).
Let M be a homogeneous space admitting a left translation by a connected Lie group G. The adjoint to the action gives rise to a map from G to the monoid of self-homotopy equivalences of M.The purpose of this paper is to investigate the injectivity of the homomorphism which is induced by the adjoint map on the rational homotopy. In particular, the visible degrees are determined explicitly for all the cases of simple Lie groups and their associated homogeneous spaces of rank one which are classified by Oniscik.
Let $X$ be a finite type $A_n^2$-polyhedron, $n \geq 2$. In this paper we study the quotient group $\mathcal{E}(X)/\mathcal{E}_*(X)$, where $\mathcal{E}(X)$ is the group of self-homotopy equivalences of $X$ and $\mathcal{E}_*(X)$ the subgroup of self-homotopy equivalences inducing the identity on the homology groups of $X$. We show that not every group can be realised as $\mathcal{E}(X)$ or $\mathcal{E}(X)/\mathcal{E}_*(X)$ for $X$ an $A_n^2$-polyhedron, $n\ge 3$, and specific results are obtained for $n=2$.
Let $\mathcal{E}(X)$ be the group of homotopy classes of self homotopy equivalences for a connected CW complex $X$. We observe two classes of maps $\mathcal{E}$-maps and co-$\mathcal{E}$-maps. They are defined as the maps $X\to Y$ that induce the homomorphisms $\mathcal{E}(X)\to \mathcal{E}( Y)$ and $\mathcal{E}(Y)\to \mathcal{E}(X)$, respectively. We give some rationalized examples related to spheres, Lie groups and homogeneous spaces by using Sullivan models. Furthermore, we introduce an $\mathcal{E}$-equivalence relation between rationalized spaces $X_{\mathbb{Q}}$ and $Y_{\mathbb{Q}}$ as a…
Let p be a fibration of simply connected CW complexes with finite base B and fibre F. Let aut_1(p) denote the identity component of the space of all fibre-homotopy self-equivalences of p and Baut_1(p) the classifying space for this topological monoid. We give a differential graded Lie algebra model for Baut_1(p). We use this model to give classification results for the rational homotopy types represented by Baut_1(p) and also to obtain conditions under which the monoid aut_1(p) is a double loop-space after rationalization.
Every group is the group of self homotopy equivalences of finite dimensional CW-complex
本研究证明任意群都可作为有限维CW复形的自同伦等价群，推广了Costoya和Viruel关于有限群可作为有理椭圆空间自同伦等价群的经典定理。
For a simply connected CW-complex $X$, let $\mathcal{E}(X)$ denote the group of homotopy classes of self-homotopy equivalence of $X$ and let $\mathcal{E}_{\sharp}(X)$ be its subgroup of homotopy classes which induce the identity on homotopy groups. As we know, the quotient group $\frac{\mathcal{E}(X)}{\mathcal{E}_{\sharp}(X)}$ can be identified with a subgroup of $Aut(π_{*}(X))$. The aim of this work is to determine this subgroup for rational spaces. We construct the Whitehead exact sequence associated with the minimal Sullivan model of $X$ which allows us to define the subgroup $\mathrm{Coh.A…
Let $S(V)$ be a complex linear sphere of a finite group $G$. %the space of unit vectors in a complex representation $V$ of a finite group $G$. Let $S(V)^{*n}$ denote the $n$-fold join of $S(V)$ with itself and let $\aut_G(S(V)^*)$ denote the space of $G$-equivariant self homotopy equivalences of $S(V)^{*n}$. We show that for any $k \geq 1$ there exists $M>0$ which depends only on $V$ such that $|π_k \aut_G(S(V)^{*n})| \leq M$ is for all $n \gg 0$.
We show that the monoidal product on the stable homotopy category of spectra is essentially unique. This strengthens work of this author with Schwede on the uniqueness of models of the stable homotopy theory of spectra. As an application we show that with an added assumption about underlying model structures Margolis' axioms uniquely determine the stable homotopy category of spectra up to monoidal equivalence. Also, the equivalences constructed here give a unified construction of the known equivalences of the various symmetric monoidal categories of spectra (S-modules, \W-spaces, orthogonal sp…
We describe a general method for algorithmic construction of G-equivariant chain homotopy equivalences from non-equivariant ones. As a consequence, we obtain an algorithm for computing equivariant (co)homology of Eilenberg-MacLane spaces K(pi,n), where pi is a finitely generated ZG-module. This result will be used in a forthcoming paper to construct equivariant Postnikov towers of simply connected spaces with free actions of a finite group G and further to compute stable equivariant homotopy classes of maps between such spaces. The methods of this paper work for modules over any non-negatively…
Let $X$ be a \text{\rm{2}}-connected and \text{\rm{6}}-dimensional CW-complex $X$ such that $H_{3}(X)\otimes\Z_2=0$. This paper aims to describe the group $\E(X)$ of the self-homotopy equivalences of $X$ modulo its normal subgroup $\E_{*}(X)$ of the elements that induce the identity on the homology groups. Making use of the Whitehead exact sequence of $X$, denoted by WES$(X)$, we define the group $Γ\mathcal{S}(X)$ of $Γ$-automorphisms of WES$(X)$ and we prove that $\E(X)/\E_*(X)\cong Γ\mathcal{S}(X).$
The usual way of defining weak equivalences for simplicial presheaves is to require an isomorphism on all sheaves of homotopy groups. We unravel some of the machinery here, and give a more concrete description in terms of local homotopy lifting properties. This characterization is used to prove some basic facts about the local homotopy theory of simplicial presheaves.
The order of the group of self-homotopy equivalence of wedge spaces
本文研究楔和空间自同伦等价群的阶，在可约性条件下将一般有限楔和的等价群分解为子群乘积，并给出相应悬挂楔和的阶的计算公式。
Inessential directed maps and directed homotopy equivalences
本文定义非本质有向映射与有向同伦等价，证明其满足2-out-of-3性质，并保持有向拓扑复杂度及诱导配对分量范畴同构。
We answer the question to what extent homotopy (co)limits in categories with weak equivalences allow for a Fubini-type interchange law. The main obstacle is that we do not assume our categories with weak equivalences to come equipped with a calculus for homotopy (co)limits, such as a derivator.
Let $X$ be a simply connected rational elliptic space of formal dimension $n$ and let $\E(X)$ denote the group of homotopy classes of self-equivalences of $X$. If $X^{[k]}$ denotes the $k^{\text{th}}$ Postikov section of $X$ and $X^{k}$ denotes its $k^{\text{th}}$ skeleton, then making use of the models of Sullivan and Quillen we prove that $\E(X)\cong\E(X^{[n]})$ and if $n>m=max\big\{k \,| \,π_{k}(X)\neq 0\big\}$ and $\E(X)$ is finite, then $\E(X)\cong\E(X^{m+1})$. Moreover, in case when $X$ is 2-connected, we show that if $π_{n}(X)\neq0$, then the group $\E(X)$ is infinite.
We prove an equivalence of categories from formal complex structures with formal holomorphic maps to homotopy algebras over a simple operad with its associated homotopy morphisms. We extend this equivalence to complex manifolds. A complex structure on a smooth manifold corresponds in this way to a family of algebras indexed by the points of the manifold.
We construct a discrete model of the homotopy theory of $S^1$-spaces. We define a category $\sP$ with objects composed of a simplicial set and a cyclic set along with suitable compatibility data. $\sP$ inherits a model structure from the model structures on the categories of simplicial sets and cyclic sets. We then show that there is a Quillen equivalence between $\sP$ and the model category of $S^1$-spaces in which weak equivalences and fibrations are maps inducing weak equivalences and fibrations on passage to all fixed point sets.
For a connected based space $X$, let $[X,X]$ be the set of all based homotopy classes of base point preserving self map of $X$ and let $\E(X)$ be the group of self-homotopy equivalences of $X$. We denote by $\A_{\sharp}^k(X)$ the set of homotopy classes of self-maps of $X$ that induce an automorphism of $π_i(X)$ for $i=0,1,\cdots,k$. That is, $[f]\in \A_{\sharp}^k(X)$ if and only if $π_i(f):π_i(X)\toπ_i(X)$ is an isomorphism for $i=0,1,\cdots ,k$. Then, $\E(X)\subseteq\A_{\sharp}^k(X)\subseteq [X,X]$ for a nonnegative integer $k$. Moreover, for a connected CW-complex $X$, we have $\E(X)=\A_{\s…
Constructing and manipulating homotopy types from categorical input data has been an important theme in algebraic topology for decades. Every category gives rise to a `classifying space', the geometric realization of the nerve. Up to weak homotopy equivalence, every space is the classifying space of a small category. More is true: the entire homotopy theory of topological spaces and continuous maps can be modeled by categories and functors. We establish a vast generalization of the equivalence of the homotopy theories of categories and spaces: small categories represent refined homotopy types …
For a given group $G$ and a collection of subgroups $\mathcal F$ of $G$, we show that there exist a left induced model structure on the category of right $G$-simplicial sets, in which the weak equivalences and cofibrations are the maps that induce weak equivalences and cofibrations on the $H$-orbits for all $H$ in $\mathcal F$. This gives a model categorical criterion for maps that induce weak equivalences on $H$-orbits to be weak equivalences in the $\mathcal F$-model structure.
We exhibit a Quillen equivalence between two model categories encoding the homotopy theory of stratified spaces : the model category of filtered simplicial sets, and that of filtered spaces. Additionally, we introduce a new class of filtered spaces, that of vertical filtered CW-complexes, providing a nice model for the homotopy category of stratified spaces.
This paper is the second part of a series of papers about a new notion of T-homotopy of flows. It is proved that the old definition of T-homotopy equivalence does not allow the identification of the directed segment with the 3-dimensional cube. This contradicts a paradigm of dihomotopy theory. A new definition of T-homotopy equivalence is proposed, following the intuition of refinement of observation. And it is proved that up to weak S-homotopy, a old T-homotopy equivalence is a new T-homotopy equivalence. The left-properness of the weak S-homotopy model category of flows is also established i…
We show that $v_n$-periodic homotopy groups detect homotopy equivalences between simply-connected finite CW-complexes.
We prove that a weak equivalence between two cofibrant (colored) props in chain complexes induces a Dwyer-Kan equivalence between the simplicial localizations of the associated categories of algebras. This homotopy invariance under base change implies that the homotopy category of homotopy algebras over a prop P does not depend on the choice of a cofibrant resolution of P, and gives thus a coherence to the notion of algebra up to homotopy in this setting. The result is established more generally for algebras in combinatorial monoidal dg categories.
We extend Thomason's homotopy colimit construction in the category of permutative categories to categories of algebras over an arbitrary $\Cat$ operad and analyze its properties. We then use this homotopy colimit to prove that the classifying space functor induces an equivalence between the category of $n$-fold monoidal categories and the category of $\mathcal{C}_n$-spaces after formally inverting certain classes of weak equivalences, where $\mathcal{C}_n$ is the little $n$-cubes operad. As a consequence we obtain an equivalence of the categories of $n$-fold monoidal categories and the categor…
We give a detailed exposition of the homotopy theory of equivalence relations, perhaps the simplest nontrivial example of a model structure.
Let $R$ be a principal ideal domain (PID). For a simply connected CW-complex $X$ of dimension $n$, let $Y$ be a space obtained by attaching cells of dimension $q$ to $X$, $q>n$, and let $A(Y)$ denote an Adams-Hilton model of $Y$. If $\mathcal E(A(Y))$ denotes the group of homotopy self-equivalences of $A(Y)$ and $\mathcal E_{*}(A(Y))$ its subgroup of the elements inducing the identity on $H_{*}( Y,R)$, then we construct two short exact sequences: $$\underset{i}{\oplus}\,H_{q}(ΩX,R)\rightarrowtail \mathcal{E}(A(Y))\overset{}{ \twoheadrightarrow}Γ^{q}_{n}\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,…
This paper presents explicit assumptions for the existence of interleaving homotopy equivalences of both Vietoris-Rips and Lesnick complexes associated to an inclusion of data sets. Consequences of these assumptions are investigated on the space level, and for corresponding hierarchies of clusters and their sub-posets of branch points. Hierarchy posets and branch point posets admit a calculus of least upper bounds, which is used to show that the map of branch points associated to the inclusion of data sets is a controlled homotopy equivalence.
In this work we present an explicit operad morphism that is also a homotopy equivalence between the operad given by the real Fulton MacPherson compactification of configuration spaces and the little $n$-disks operad. In particular, the construction gives an operadic homotopy equivalence between the associahedra and the little intervals explicitly. It can also be extended to the case of Kontsevich compactification and Voronov swiss-cheese operad.
Equivariant Homotopy Theory via Simplicial Coalgebras
本文利用 Elmendorf 定理的推广，证明了 Raptis 和 Rivera 关于单纯余代数模型的 G-等变同伦理论类比，并进一步给出了在拟范畴等价线性化版本下 G-单纯集的建模结果。
Let $G$ be a finite group. Let $U_1,U_2,\dots$ be a sequence of orthogonal representations in which any irreducible representation of $\oplus_{n \geq 1} U_n$ has infinite multiplicity. Let $V_n=\oplus_{i=1}^n U_n$ and $S(V_n)$ denote the linear sphere of unit vectors. Then for any $i \geq 0$ the sequence of group $\dots \rightarrow π_i \operatorname{map}^G(S(V_n),S(V_n)) \rightarrow π_i \operatorname{map}^G(S(V_{n+1}),S(V_{n+1})) \rightarrow \dots$ stabilizes with the stable group $\oplus_H ω_i(BW_GH)$ where $H$ runs through representatives of the conjugacy classes of all the isotropy group of…
We define a homotopy relation between arrows of a category with weak equivalences, and give a condition under which the quotient by the homotopy relation yields the homotopy category. In the case of the fibrant-cofibrant objects of a model category this condition holds, and we show that our notion of homotopy coincides with the classical one. We also show that Quillen's construction of the homotopy category of a model category, in which the arrows are homotopical classes of a single arrow between fibrant-cofibrant objects, can be made as well for categories with weak equivalences using this no…
In this paper we prove that every finite group $G$ can be realized as the group of self-homotopy equivalences of infinitely many elliptic spaces $X$. Moreover, $X$ can be chosen to be the rationalization of an inflexible compact simply connected manifold.
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