I give various criteria for singularities to appear on geometric generic fibers of morphism between smooth schemes in positive characteristics. This involves local fundamental groups, jacobian ideals, projective dimension, tangent and cotangent sheaves, and the effect of Frobenius. As an application, I determine which rational double points do appear on geometric generic fibers.
In this paper, we study the Albanese morphisms in positive characteristic. We prove that the Albanese morphism of a variety with nef anti-canonical divisor is an algebraic fiber space, under the assumption that the general fiber is $F$-pure. Furthermore, we consider a notion of $F$-splitting for morphisms, and investigate it of the Albanese morphisms. We show that an $F$-split variety has $F$-split Albanese morphism, and that the $F$-split Albanese morphism is an algebraic fiber space. As an application, we provide a new characterization of abelian varieties.
If a K3 surface is a fiber of a flat projective morphisms over a connected noetherian scheme over the complex number field, then any smooth connected fiber is also a K3 surface. Observing this, Professor Nam-Hoon Lee asked if the same is true for higher dimensional Calabi-Yau fibers. We shall give an explicit negative answer to his question as well as a proof of his initial observation.
Let k be an algebraically closed field and let X be a separated scheme of finite type over k of pure dimension d. We study the structure of the fibres of the truncation morphisms from the arc space of X to jet spaces of X and also between jet spaces. Our results are generalizations of results of Denef, Loeser, Ein and Mustata. We will use them to find the optimal lower bound for the poles of the motivic zeta function associated to an arbitrary ideal.
We study the fibers of a projective morphism and some related algebraic problems. We characterize the analytic spread of a homogeneous ideal through properties of its syzygy matrix. Powers of linearly presented ideals need not be linearly presented, but we identify a weaker linearity property that is preserved under taking powers.
The paper is a second step in the study of $\overline{M}_{0,n}$ started in arXiv:1006.0987 [math.AG]. We study fiber type morphisms of this moduli space via Kapranov's beautiful description. Our final goal is to understand if any dominant morphism $f: \overline{M}_{0,n} \to X$ with positive dimensional fibers factors through forgetful morphisms. We prove that this is true if either $n \leq 7$ or $\rm {dim} X \leq 2$ or the rational map induced on $P^{n-3}$ has linear general fibers. Along the way we give examples of forgetful morphisms whose fibers are connected curves of arbitrarily high posi…
We introduce the notion of combinatorial type of varieties $X$ which generalizes the concept of the dual complex of SNC divisors. It is a unique, up to homotopy, finite simplicial complex $Σ(X)$ which is functorial with respect to morphisms of varieties. Its cohomology $H^i(Σ(X),Q)$ for complex projective varieties coincide with weight zero part of the Deligne filtration $W_0(H^i(X,Q))$. The notion can be understood as a topological measure of the singularities of algebaric schemes of finite type. We also prove that any variety in characteristic zero admits the Hironaka desingularization with …
Let $f: (X,D) \to B$ be a stably family with log canonical general fiber. We prove that, after a birational modification of the base $\tilde{B} \to B$, there is a morphism from a high fibered power of the family to a pair of log general type. If in addition the general fiber is openly canonical, then there is a morphism from a high fibered power of the original family to a pair openly of log general type.
We first provide here a very short proof of a refinement of a theorem of Kodiyalam and Cutkosky, Herzog and Trung on the regularity of powers of ideals. This result implies a conjecture of Hà and generalizes a result of Eisenbud and Harris concerning the case of ideals primary for the graded maximal ideal in a standard graded algebra over a field. It also implies a new result on the regularities of powers of ideal sheaves. We then compare the cohomology of the stalks and the cohomology of the fibers of a projective morphism to the effect of comparing the maximum over fibers and over stalks of …
In this paper, we prove that given a flat generically smooth morphism between smooth projective varieties with $F$-pure closed fibers, if the source space is Fano, weak Fano or a variety with the nef anti-canonical divisor, then so is the target space. We also show that relative anti-canonical divisors of generically smooth surjective nonconstant morphisms are not nef and big in arbitrary characteristic.
A separable, proper morphism of varieties with geometrically connected fibers induces a homotopy exact sequence relating the étale fundamental groups of source, target and fiber. Extending work of dos Santos, we prove the existence of an analogous homotopy exact sequence for fundamental group schemes classifying regular singular stratified bundles, under the additional assumption that the morphism in question can be (partially) compactified to a log smooth morphism.
Let X\subset PP^n be a projective scheme over a field, and let phi:X --> Y be a finite morphism. Our main result is a formula in terms of global data for the maximum of the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the fibers of ϕ, considered as subschemes of \PP^n. From an algebraic point of view, our formula is related to the theorem of Cutkosky-Herzog-Trung and Kodiyalam showing that for any homogeneous ideal I in a standard graded algebra S, the regularity of I^t can be written as dt+εfor some non-negative integers d, ε, and all large t. In the special case where I contains a power of S_+ and is g…
For a complex polynomial in two variables we study the morphism induced in homology by the embedding of an irregular fiber in a regular neighborhood of it. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for this morphism to be injective, surjective. Particularly this morphism is an isomorphism if and only if the corresponding irregular value is regular at infinity. We apply these results to the study of vanishing and invariant cycles.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic $p$ whose tangent bundle is nef. We prove that $X$ admits a smooth morphism $X \to M$ such that the fibers are Fano varieties with nef tangent bundle and $T_M$ is numerically flat. We also prove that extremal contractions exist as smooth morphisms. As an application, we prove that, if the Frobenius morphism can be lifted modulo $p^2$, then $X$ admits, up to a finite étale Galois cover, a smooth morphism onto an ordinary abelian variety whose fibers are products of projective spaces.
We describe two ways to construct finite rational morphisms between fiber products of rational elliptic surfaces with section and some Calabi--Yau manifolds. We use them to construct correspondences between such fiber products that admit at most five singular fibers and rigid Calabi--Yau threefolds.
Hitchin in [Duke Math. J. 54 (1), 91-114 (1987)] introduced a proper morphism from the moduli space of stable $G$-Higgs bundles ($G=\mathrm{GL}(n,\mathbb{C}),\mathrm{Sp}(2m,\mathbb{C})$ and $\mathrm{SO}(n,\mathbb{C})$) over a curve to a vector space of invariant polynomials and he described the generic fibers of that morphism. In this paper, we first describe the generic Hitchin fibers for the moduli space of stable parabolic projective symplectic/orthogonal Higgs bundles without fixing the determinant. We also describe the generic fibers when the determinant is trivial.
In this paper we study flatness of the restriction on some special subgerms (e.g. the reduction and the unmixed part) of the total space of a flat morphism over a smooth base space. We give a relationship between reducedness of the total space and that of the generic fibers of a flat morphism over a reduced Cohen-Macaulay base space. Moreover, we study flatness of the composition of a flat morphism over a smooth base space and the normalization of the total space of that morphism.
Analytic and Algebraic Oka-1 Approximation for Smooth Projective Morphisms with Rationally Connected Fibers
Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院）；State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院数学科学重点实验室）；School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学数学科学学院）
We limit the singularities that arise in geometric generic fibers of morphisms between smooth varieties of positive characteristic by studying changes in embedding dimension under inseparable field extensions. We then use this result in the context of the minimal model program to rule out the existence of smooth varieties fibered by certain non-normal del Pezzo surfaces over bases of small dimension.
We construct a new motivic integration morphism, the so-call bounded integral, that interpolates both the integration morphisms with and without volume forms of Hrushovski and Kazhdan. This is done within the framework of model theory of algebraically closed valued fields of equicharacteristic zero. As an application, we recover and extend some results of Hrushovski and Loeser about the motivic Milnor fiber.
Given a complete nonsingular algebraic variety $X$ and a divisor $D$ with normal crossings, we say that $X$ is log homogeneous with boundary $D$ if the logarithmic tangent bundle $T_X(- \log D)$ is generated by its global sections. We then show that the Albanese morphism $α$ is a fibration with fibers being spherical (in particular, rational) varieties. It follows that all irreducible components of $D$ are nonsingular, and any partial intersection of them is irreducible. Also, the image of $X$ under the morphism $σ$ associated with $- K_X - D$ is a spherical variety, and the irreducible compon…
We show that the $b$-constant (appearing in Manin's conjecture) is constant on very general fibers of a family of algebraic varieties. If the fibers of the family are uniruled, then we show that the $b$-constant is constant on general fibers.
The geometric Frobenius morphism on smooth varieties is an fppf-fiber bundle. We study representations of the structure group scheme. In particular, we describe irreducible representations and compute its Grothendieck ring of finite dimensional representations.
In this paper we study fiber type morphisms between moduli spaces of pointed rational curves. Via Kapranov's description we are able to prove that the only such morphisms are forgetful maps. This allow us to show that the Automorphism group of $\overline{M}_{0,n}$ is the permutation group on $n$ elements as soon as $n\geq 5$.
Let $G$ be a split reductive group over a field $k$ of arbitrary characteristic, chosen suitably. Let $X\to S$ be a smooth projective morphism of locally noetherian $k$-schemes, with geometrically connected fibers. We show that for each Harder-Narasimhan type $τ$ for principal $G$-bundles, all pairs consisting of a principal $G$-bundle on a fiber of $X\to S$ together with a given canonical reduction of HN-type $τ$ form an algebraic stack $Bun_{X/S}^τ(G)$ over $S$. The forgetful $1$-morphism $Bun_{X/S}^τ(G) \to Bun_{X/S}(G)$ to the algebraic stack of all principal $G$-bundles on fibers of $X\to…
Assume that two algebraic varieties of finite type over the complex numbers are related by a morphism whose fibers are precisely the orbits for the action of a unipotent group. We show that the two varieties have the same topological Euler characteristic. If they are smooth and the morphism is smooth, we show that the two varieties have the same cohomology groups.
Suppose that X' is a smooth affine algebraic variety of dimension 3 with H_3(X')=0 which is a UFD and whose invertible functions are constants. Suppose that Z is a Zariski open subset of X which has a morphism p : Z -> U into a curve U such that all fibers of p are isomorphic to C^2. We prove that X' is isomorphic to C^3 iff none of irreducible components of X'-Z has non-isolated singularities. Furthermore, if X' is C^3 then p extends to a polynomial on C^3 which is linear in a suitable coordinate system. As a consequence we obtain the fact formulated in the title of the paper.
Given a smooth projective 3-fold Y, with $H^{3,0}(Y)=0$, the Abel-Jacobi map induces a morphism from each smooth variety parameterizing 1-cycles in Y to the intermediate Jacobian J(Y). We study in this paper the existence of families of 1-cycles in Y for which this induced morphism is surjective with rationally connected general fiber, and various applications of this property. When Y itself is rationally connected, we relate this property to the existence of an integral homological decomposition of the diagonal. We also study this property for cubic threefolds, completing the work of Iliev-Ma…
Given a smooth projective 3-fold Y, with $H^{3,0}(Y)=0$, the Abel-Jacobi map induces a morphism from each smooth variety parameterizing 1-cycles in Y to the intermediate Jacobian J(Y). We study in this paper the existence of families of 1-cycles in Y for which this induced morphism is surjective with rationally connected general fiber, and various applications of this property. When Y itself is rationally connected, we relate this property to the existence of an integral homological decomposition of the diagonal. We also study this property for cubic threefolds, completing the work of Iliev-Ma…
Our object of study is a rational map Psi from projective s-1 space to projective n-1 space defined by homogeneous forms g1,...,gn, of the same degree d, in the homogeneous coordinate ring R=k[x1,...,xs] of projective s-1 space. Our goal is to relate properties of Psi, of the homogeneous coordinate ring A=k[g1,...,gn] of the variety parametrized by Psi, and of the Rees algebra R[It], the bihomogeneous coordinate ring of the graph of Psi. For a regular map Psi, for instance, we prove that R[It] satisfies Serre's condition R_i, for some positive i, if and only if A satisfies R_{i-1} and Psi is b…
We prove a "Generic Equivalence Theorem which says that two affine morphisms $p: S \to Y$ and $q: T \to Y$ of varieties with isomorphic (closed) fibers become isomorphic under a dominant etale base change $ϕ: U \to Y$. A special case is the following result. Call a morphism $ϕ: X \to Y$ a "fibration with fiber $F$" if $ϕ$ is flat and all fibers are (reduced and) isomorphic to $F$. Then an affine fibration with fiber $F$ admits an etale dominant morphism $μ: U \to Y$ such that the pull-back is a trivial fiber bundle: $U\times_Y X \simeq U\times F$. As an application we give short proofs of the …
We give a completely explicit description of the fibers of the natural birational morphism from O'Grady's ten dimensional singular moduli space of sheaves on a K3 surface to the corresponding Donaldson-Uhlenbeck compactification.
In this paper we study finite morphisms between irreducible projective varieties in terms of the morphisms they induce between the respective analytifications. The background for the principal result is as follows. Let $V'$ and $V$ be irreducible, projective varieties over an algebraically closed, non- archimedean valued field $k$ and $ϕ$ be a finite morphism $ϕ: V' \to V$. Let $x \in V^{an}(L)$, where $L/k$ is an algebraically closed complete non-archimedean valued field extension. We associate canonically to $x$ an $L$-point of the space $(V \times_k L)^{an}$ which lies on the fiber over $x$…
We study the Torelli morphism from the moduli space of stable curves to the moduli space of principally polarized stable semi-abelic pairs. We give two characterizations of its fibers, describe its injectivity locus, and give a sharp upper bound on the cardinality of the finite fibers. We also bound the dimension of the infinite fibers. In particular, we obtain that the compactified Torelli map is injective away from curve with separating nodes if and only if the genus is at most 4.
The introduction is modified in the revised version. Also, many typos and errors were corrected. Let $W\to C$ be degeneration of smooth varieties so that the special fiber has normal crossing singularity. In this paper, we first constructed the stack of expanded degenerations of $W$. We then constructed the moduli space of stable morphisms to this stack, which provides a degeneration of the moduli spaces of stable morphisms associated to $W/C$. Using similar technique, for a pair of smooth variety and a smooth divisor $(Z,D)$, we constructed the stack of expanded relative pairs and then the mo…
We study the fibers of Mirkovic-Vilonen convolution morphisms. We prove their equidimensionality when all the coweights in question are minuscule, and some related statements. We give applications to saturation problems for structure constants of Hecke and representation rings. An erratum has been added to correct insufficiencies in the proofs of Lemma 9.4 and Corollary 9.5 as they appeared in the published version.
A $\mathbb Q$-conic bundle is a proper morphism from a threefold with only terminal singularities to a normal surface such that fibers are connected and the anti-canonical divisor is relatively ample. We study the structure of $\mathbb Q$-conic bundles near their singular fibers. One corollary to our main results is that the base surface of every $\mathbb Q$-conic bundle has only Du Val singularities of type A (a positive solution of a conjecture by Iskovskikh). We obtain the complete classification of $\mathbb Q$-conic bundles under the additional assumption that the singular fiber is irreduc…
Variation of mixed Hodge structures(VMHS), introduced by P. Deligne, is a linear structure reflecting the geometry on cohomology of the fibers of an algebraic family, generalizing variation of Hodge structures for smooth proper families, introduced by P. Griffiths. Hence, it is a strong tool to study the variation of the geometric structure of fibers of a morphism. We describe here the degenerating properties of a VMHS of geometric origin and the existence of a relative monodromy filtration, as well the definition and properties of abstract admissible VMHS.
A $\mathbb Q$-conic bundle germ is a proper morphism from a threefold with only terminal singularities to the germ $(Z \ni o)$ of a normal surface such that fibers are connected and the anti-canonical divisor is relatively ample. We obtain the complete classification of $\mathbb Q$-conic bundle germs when the base surface germ is singular. This is a generalization of our previous paper math/0603736, which further assumed that the fiber over $o$ is irreducible.
We study self-morphisms of smooth real projective algebraic curves that have only real periodic points. In the case of the projective line we provide a convenient characterization of such morphisms. We derive a semialgebraic description of the component of real fibered rational functions all of whose periodic points are real.
We give the first examples of flat fiber type contractions of Fano manifolds onto varieties that are not weak Fano, and we prove that these morphisms are Fano conic bundles. We also review some known results about the interaction between the positivity properties of anticanonical divisors of varieties of contractions.
