The crossed products of locally C*-algebras are defined and a Takai duality theorem for inverse limit actions of a locally compact group on a locally C*-algebra is proved.
We introduce the notion of strong Morita equivalence for group actions on locally C*-algebras and prove that the crossed products associated with two strongly Morita equivalent continuous inverse limit actions of a locally compact group G on the locally C*-algebras A and B are strongly Morita equivalent. This generalizes a result of F. Combes, Proc. London Math. Soc. 49(1984) and R. E. Curto, P.S. Muhly, D. P. Williams, Proc. Amer. Soc. 90(1984).
We study actions of locally compact groups on von Neumann factors and the associated crossed-product von Neumann algebras. In the setting of totally disconnected groups we provide sufficient conditions on an action $G\curvearrowright Q$ ensuring that the inclusion $Q \subset Q \rtimes G$ is irreducible and that every intermediate subfactor is of the form $Q \rtimes H$ for a closed subgroup $H<G$. This partially generalizes a result of Izumi-Longo-Popa [ILP98] and Choda [Ch78]. We moreover show that one can not hope to use their strategy for non-discrete groups.
We define the notion of a principal S-bundle where S is a groupoid group bundle and show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between principal S-bundles and elements of a sheaf cohomology group associated to S. We also define the notion of a locally unitary action and show that the spectrum of the crossed product is a principal bundle. Furthermore, we prove that the isomorphism class of the spectrum determines the exterior equivalence class of the action and that every principal bundle can be realized as the spectrum of some locally unitary crossed product.
In this work we present a new definition to the Partial Crossed Product by actions of inverse semigroups in a C^*-algebra, without using the covariant representations as Sieben did in [5]. Also we present an isomorphism between the partial crossed products by partial actions of a group G and the partial crossed product by actions of S(G), an inverse semigroup associated to G introduced by Exel in [2].
For a matched pair of locally compact quantum groups, we construct the double crossed product as a locally compact quantum group. This construction generalizes Drinfeld's quantum double construction. We study C*-algebraic properties of these double crossed products and several links between double crossed products and bicrossed products. In an appendix, we study the Radon-Nikodym derivative of a weight under a quantum group action, following Yamanouchi and obtain, as a corollary, a new characterization of closed quantum subgroups.
Amenable actions of locally compact groups on von Neumann algebras are investigated by exploiting the natural module structure of the crossed product over the Fourier algebra of the acting group. The resulting characterisation of injectivity for crossed products generalises a result of Anantharaman-Delaroche on discrete groups. Amenable actions of locally compact groups on $C^*$-algebras are investigated in the same way, and amenability of the action is related to nuclearity of the corresponding crossed product. A survey is given to show that this notion of amenable action for $C^*$-algebras s…
Actions of locally compact groups and quantum groups on W*-ternary rings of operators are discussed and related crossed products introduced. The results generalise those for von Neumann algebraic actions with proofs based mostly on passing to the linking von Neumann algebra. They are motivated by the study of fixed point spaces for convolution operators generated by contractive, non-necessarily positive measures, both in the classical and in the quantum context.
We provide an exposition and proof of Renault's equivalence theorem for crossed products by locally Hausdorff, locally compact groupoids. Our approach stresses the bundle approach, concrete imprimitivity bimodules and is a preamble to a detailed treatment of the Brauer semigroup for a locally Hausdorff, locally compact groupoid.
We consider crossed product von Neumann algebras arising from free Bogoljubov actions of the integers. We describe several presentations of them as amalgamated free products and cocycle crossed products and give a criterion for factoriality. A number of isomorphism results for free Bogoljubov crossed products are proved, focusing on those arising from almost periodic representations. We complement our isomorphism results by rigidity results yielding non-isomorphic free Bogoljubov crossed products and by a partial characterisation of strong solidity of a free Bogoljubov crossed products in term…
For an action $α$ of a locally compact group $G$ on a dual operator space $X$ by w*-continuous completely isometric isomorphisms one can define two generally different notions of crossed products, namely the Fubini crossed product $X\rtimes_α^{F}G$ and the spatial crossed product $X\overline{\rtimes}_α G$. It is shown that $X\rtimes_α^{F}G=X\overline{\rtimes}_α G$ if and only if the dual comodule action $\widehatα$ of the group von Neumann algebra $L(G)$ on the Fubini crossed product of $X\rtimes_α^{F}G$ is non-degenerate. As an application, this yields an alternative proof of the result of Cr…
The article discusses the interrelation between relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras and partial isometric crossed products, and presents a procedure that reduces any given Hilbert bimodule to the "smallest" Hilbert bimodule yielding the same relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebra as the initial one. In the context of crossed products this reduction procedure corresponds to reduction of C*-dynamical systems.
Starting from an arbitrary endomorphism δof a unital C*-algebra A we construct a crossed product. It is shown that the natural construction depends not only on the C*-dynamical system (A,δ) but also on the choice of an ideal J orthogonal to Ker δ.
We construct explicit approximating nets for crossed products of C*-algebras by actions of discrete quantum groups. This implies that C*-algebraic approximation properties such as nuclearity, exactness or completely bounded approximation property are preserved by taking crossed products by actions of amenable discrete quantum groups. We also show that the noncommutative topological entropy of a transformation commuting with the quantum group action does not change when we pass to the canonical extension to the crossed product. Both these results are extended to twisted crossed products via a s…
We prove the first rigidity and classification theorems for crossed product von Neumann algebras given by actions of non-discrete, locally compact groups. We prove that for arbitrary free probability measure preserving actions of connected simple Lie groups of real rank one, the crossed product has a unique Cartan subalgebra up to unitary conjugacy. We then deduce a W* strong rigidity theorem for irreducible actions of products of such groups. More generally, our results hold for products of locally compact groups that are nonamenable, weakly amenable and that belong to Ozawa's class S.
For $p \in [1, \infty),$ we define and study full and reduced crossed products of algebras of operators on $σ$-finite $L^p$ spaces by isometric actions of second countable locally compact groups. We give universal properties for both crossed products. When the group is abelian, we prove the existence of a dual action on the full and reduced $L^p$ operator crossed products. When the group is discrete, we construct a conditional expectation to the original algebra which is faithful in a suitable sense. For a free action of a discrete group on a compact metric space $X,$ we identify all traces on…
This paper studies the relationship between minimal dynamical systems on the product of the Cantor set ($X$) and torus ($\T^2$) and their corresponding crossed product $C^*$-algebras. For the case when the cocycles are rotations, we studied the structure of the crossed product $C^*$-algebra $A$ by looking at a large subalgebra $A_x$. It is proved that, as long as the cocycles are rotations, the tracial rank of the crossed product $C^*$-algebra is always no more than one, which then indicates that it falls into the category of classifiable $C^*$-algebras. If a certain rigidity condition is sati…
We consider a free action of an Ore semigroup on a higher-rank graph, and the induced action by endomorphisms of the $C^*$-algebra of the graph. We show that the crossed product by this action is stably isomorphic to the $C^*$-algebra of a quotient graph. Our main tool is Laca's dilation theory for endomorphic actions of Ore semigroups on $C^*$-algebras, which embeds such an action in an automorphic action of the enveloping group on a larger $C^*$-algebra.
Full C*-crossed products by actions of locally compact groups are characterized via the existence of suitable maximal coactions, in analogy with Landstad's characterization of reduced crossed products.
We decompose the crossed product functor for actions of crossed modules of locally compact groups on C*-algebras into more elementary constructions: taking crossed products by group actions and fibres in C*-algebras over topological spaces. For this, we extend the theory of partial crossed products from groups to crossed modules; extend Takesaki-Takai duality to Abelian crossed modules; show that equivalent crossed modules have equivalent categories of actions on C*-algebras; and show that certain crossed modules are automatically equivalent to Abelian crossed modules.
We consider group actions of topological groups on C*-algebras of the types which occur in many physics models. These are singular actions in the sense that they need not be strongly continuous, or the group need not be locally compact. We develop a "crossed product host" in analogy to the usual crossed product for strongly continuous actions of locally compact groups, in the sense that its representation theory is in a natural bijection with the covariant representation theory of the action. We prove a uniqueness theorem for crossed product hosts, and analyze existence conditions. We also pre…
Laca constructed a minimal automorphic dilation for every semigroup dynamical system arising from an action of an Ore semigroup by injective endomorphisms of a unital $C^*$-algebra. Here we show that the semigroup crossed product with its action by inner endomorphisms given by the implementing isometries has as minimal automorphic dilation the group crossed product of the original dilation. Applications include recent examples studied by Cuntz and the second named author.
We prove that a locally compact group has the approximation property (AP), introduced by Haagerup-Kraus, if and only if a non-commutative Fejér theorem holds for the associated $C^*$- or von Neumann crossed products. As applications, we answer three open problems in the literature. Specifically, we show that any locally compact group with the AP is exact. This generalizes a result by Haagerup-Kraus, and answers a problem raised by Li. We also answer a question of Bédos-Conti on the Fejér property of discrete $C^*$-dynamical systems, as well as a question by Anoussis-Katavolos-Todorov for all l…
In this paper, we define the notions of full pro-$C^{*}$-crossed product, respectively reduced pro-$C^{*}$-crossed product, of a pro-$C^{*}$-algebra $A[τ_Γ] $ by a strong bounded action $α$ of a locally compact group $G$ and investigate some their properties.
We give a formula for the Dixmier-Douady class of a continuous-trace groupoid crossed product that arises from an action of a locally trivial, proper, principal groupoid on a bundle of elementary $C^*$-algebras that satisfies Fell's condition.
We discuss the crossed product by the dual action of the circle on the crossed product of a C*-algebra A by a Hilbert C*-bimodule X. When X is an A-A Morita equivalence bimodule, the double crossed product is shown to be Morita equivalent to the C*-algebra A.
We develop a theory of crossed products by "actions" of Hecke pairs $(G, Γ)$, motivated by applications in non-abelian $C^*$-duality. Our approach gives back the usual crossed product construction whenever $G / Γ$ is a group and retains many of the aspects of crossed products by groups. In this first of two articles we lay the $^*$-algebraic foundations of these crossed products by Hecke pairs and we explore their representation theory.
There are many different crossed products by an endomorphism of a C*-algebra, and constructions by Exel and Stacey have proved particularly useful. Here we show that every Exel crossed product is isomorphic to a Stacey crossed product (though by a different endomorphism of a different C*-algebra), that every Stacey crossed product is an Exel crossed product, and answer some questions raised by Ionescu and Muhly. While this manuscript is not yet in its final form(s) several people have already used our results, so we are posting it now.
We study a relationship between the ultraproduct of a crossed product von Neumann algebra and the crossed product of an ultraproduct von Neumann algebra. As an application, the continuous core of an ultraproduct von Neumann algebra is described.
Supramenability of groups is characterised in terms of invariant measures on locally compact spaces. This opens the door to constructing interesting crossed product C*-algebras for non-supramenable groups. In particular, stable Kirchberg algebras in the UCT class are constructed using crossed products for both amenable and non-amenable groups.
We consider a family of Hecke C*-algebras which can be realised as crossed products by semigroups of endomorphisms. We show by dilating representations of the semigroup crossed product that the category of representations of the Hecke algebra is equivalent to the category of continuous unitary representations of a totally disconnected locally compact group.
Let $Γ^{+}$ be the positive cone of a totally ordered abelian discrete group $Γ$, and $α$ an action of $Γ^{+}$ by extendible endomorphisms of a $C^*$-algebra $A$. We prove that the partial-isometric crossed product $A\times_α^{\textrm{piso}}Γ^{+}$ is a full corner of a group crossed product $\mathcal{B}\times_βΓ$, where $\mathcal{B}$ is a subalgebra of $\ell^{\infty}(Γ,A)$ generated by a collection of faithful copies of $A$, and the action $β$ on $\mathcal{B}$ is induced by shift on $\ell^{\infty}(Γ,A)$. We then use this realization to show that $A\times_α^{\textrm{piso}}Γ^{+}$ has an essentia…
There are many different crossed products by an endomorphism of a C*-algebra, and constructions by Exel and Stacey have proved particularly useful. Here we show that every Exel crossed product is isomorphic to a Stacey crossed product, though by a different endomorphism of a different C*-algebra. We apply this result to a variety of Exel systems, including those associated to shifts on the path spaces of directed graphs.
We define and study fibrations of topological groupoids. We interpret a groupoid fibration L->H with fibre G as an action of H on G by groupoid equivalences. Our main result shows that a crossed product for an action of L is isomorphic to an iterated crossed product first by G and then by H. Here groupoid action means a Fell bundle over the groupoid, and crossed product means the section C*-algebra.
In this paper we investigate the interrelation between the topological freedom of partial actions of discrete groups and faithful representations of partial crossed products.
We consider a family of dynamical systems (A,alpha,L) in which alpha is an endomorphism of a C*-algebra A and L is a transfer operator for α. We extend Exel's construction of a crossed product to cover non-unital algebras A, and show that the C*-algebra of a locally finite graph can be realised as one of these crossed products. When A is commutative, we find criteria for the simplicity of the crossed product, and analyse the ideal structure of the crossed product.
This is a survey which discusses the isomorphism problem for both C* and smooth crossed products by minimal diffeomorphisms. For C* crossed products, examples demonstrate the failure of the obvious analog of the Giordano-Putnam-Skau Theorem on minimal homeomorphisms of the Cantor set. For smooth crossed products, there are many open problems.
For a given discrete group $G$, we apply results of Kirchberg on exact and injective tensor products of $C^*$-algebras to give an explicit description of the minimal exact correspondence crossed-product functor and the maximal injective crossed-product functor for $G$ in the sense of Buss, Echterhoff and Willett. In particular, we show that the former functor dominates the latter.
We consider Exel's new construction of a crossed product of a C*-algebra A by an endomorphism α. We prove that this crossed product is universal for an appropriate family of covariant representations, and we show that it can be realised as a relative Cuntz-Pimsner algbera. We describe a necessary and sufficient condition for the canonical map from A into the crossed product to be injective, and present several examples to demonstrate the scope of this result. We also prove a gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem for the crossed product.
In this article we study analogues of the weak expectation property of discrete group C*-algebras and their crossed products, in the discrete quantum group setting, i.e., discrete quantum group C*-algebras and crossed products of C*-algebras with amenable discrete quantum groups.
We construct the crossed product of a C(X)-algebra by an endomorphism, in such a way that it becomes induced by a Hilbert C(X)-bimodule. Furthermore we introduce the notion of C(X)-category, and discuss relationships with crossed products and duality for compact groups.
In this paper we introduce the crossed product construction for a discrete group action on an operator system. In analogy to the work of E. Katsoulis and C. Ramsey, we describe three canonical crossed products arising from such a dynamical system. We describe how these crossed product constructions behave under $G$-equivariant maps, tensor products, and the canonical $C^*$-covers. We show that hyperrigidity is preserved under two of the three crossed products. Finally, using A. Kavruk's notion of an operator system that detects $C^*$-nuclearity, we give a negative answer to a question on opera…
We provide a general description of the KMS states for flows whose fixed point algebra satisfies a certain regularity condition. This is the applied to crossed products by discrete groups, and in particular to certain flows on crossed products by discrete abelian groups where the methods can be combined with spectral analysis for abelian automrphism groups.
For a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$, consider the convolution action of a quantum probability measure $μ$ on $L_\infty(\mathbb{G})$. As shown by Junge--Neufang--Ruan, this action has a natural extension to a Markov map on $\mathcal{B}(L_2(\mathbb{G}))$. We prove that the Poisson boundary of the latter can be realized concretely as the von Neumann crossed product of the Poisson boundary associated with $μ$ under the action of $\mathbb{G}$ induced by the coproduct. This yields an affirmative answer, for general locally compact quantum groups, to a problem raised by Izumi (2004) in t…
We describe simplicity of the Stacey crossed product A\times_β\N in terms of conditions of the endomorphism β. Then, we use a characterization of the graph C*-algebras C*(E) as the Stacey crossed product C*(E)^γ\times_{β_E}\N to study its ideal properties, in terms of the (non-classical) C*-dynamical system (C*(E)^γ, β_E). Finally, we give sufficient conditions for the Stacey crossed product A\times_β\N being a purely infinite simple C*-algebra.
We consider the following problem. Suppose $α$ is an action of a locally compact group $G$ on a $C^*$-algebra $A$, $H$ is a closed subgroup of $G$, and $(π,U)$ is a covariant representation of $(A,H,α)$. For which closed subgroups $K$ containing $H$ is there a covariant representation $(π,V)$ of $(A,K,α)$ such that $V|_H=U$? We answer this problem by providing a criterion involving the induced representation of $(A,G,α)$. We then consider the dual problem for coactions of locally compact groups.
Let $G$ be a second countable, locally compact groupoid with Haar system, and let $\mathcal{A}$ be a bundle of $C^{\ast}$-algebras defined over the unit space of $G$ on which $G$ acts continuously. We determine conditions under which the associated crossed product $C^{\ast}(G;\mathcal{A})$ is a continuous trace $C^{\ast}$-algebra.
We show that if $(X.A)$ and $(Y,B)$ are two isomorphic Hilbert pro-$C^{\ast} $-bimodules, then the crossed product $A\times_{X}\mathbb{Z}$ of $A$ by $X$ and the crossed product $B\times_{Y}\mathbb{Z}$ of $B$ by $Y$ are isomorphic as pro-$C^{\ast}$-algebras. We also prove a property of "associativity" between " $\otimes_{\min}$" and "$\times_{X}$" $\ $as well as " $\otimes_{\max}$" and "$\times_{X}$". As an application of these results we show that the crossed product of a nuclear pro-$C^{\ast}$ -algebra $A$ by a full Hilbert pro-$C^{\ast}$-bimodule $X$ is a nuclear pro-$C^{\ast}$-algebra.
We compute the K-theory for C*-algebras naturally associated with rings of integers in number fields. The main ingredient is a duality theorem for arbitrary global fields. It allows us to identify the crossed product arising from affine transformations on the finite adeles with the analogous crossed product algebra over the infinite adele space.
We prove that the crossed product A x G of a separable, unital, quasidiagonal C*- algebra A by a discrete, countable, amenable, maximally almost periodic group G is quasidiagonal, provided that the action is almost periodic.
We show that for a C*-algebra A and a discrete group G with an action of G on A, the reduced crossed product C*-algebra possesses a natural generalization of the convolution product, which we suggest should be named the Hadamard product. We show that this product has a natural Stinespring representation and we lift some known results on block Schur products to this setting, but we also show that the block Schur product is a special case of the Hadamard product in a crossed product algebra.