We strengthen and generalise a result of Kirsch and Simon on the behaviour of the function $N_L(E)$, the number of bound states of the operator $L = Δ+V$ in $\R^d$ below $-E$. Here $V$ is a bounded potential behaving asymptotically like $P(ω)r^{-2}$ where $P$ is a function on the sphere. It is well known that the eigenvalues of such an operator are all nonpositive, and accumulate only at 0. If the operator $Δ_{S^{d-1}}+P$ on the sphere has negative eigenvalues $-μ_1,...,-μ_n$ less than $-(d-2)^2/4$, we prove that $N_L(E)$ may be estimated as \[ N_L(E)) = \frac{\log(E^{-1})}{2π}\sum_{i=1}^n \sqrt{μ_i-(d-2)^2/4} +O(1); \] thus, in particular, if there are no such negative eigenvalues then $L$ has a finite discrete spectrum. Moreover, under some additional assumptions including that $d=3$ and that there is exactly one eigenvalue $-μ_1$ less than -1/4, with all others $> -1/4$, we show that the negative spectrum is asymptotic to a geometric progression with ratio $\exp(-2π/\sqrt{μ_1 - \qtr})$.
This paper is concerned with the estimation of the number of negative eigenvalues (bound states) of Schroedinger operators in a strip subject to Neumann boundary conditions. The estimates involve weighted L^1 norms and L ln L norms of the potential. Estimates involving the norms of the potential supported by a curve embedded in the strip are also presented.
By developing the method of multipliers, we establish sufficient conditions on the electric potential and magnetic field which guarantee that the corresponding two-dimensional Schroedinger operator possesses no point spectrum. The settings of complex-valued electric potentials and singular magnetic potentials of Aharonov-Bohm field are also covered.
We present upper estimates for the number of negative eigenvalues of two-dimensional Schroedinger operators with potentials generated by Ahlfors regular measures of arbitrary dimension $α\in (0, 2]$.The estimates are given in terms of the integrals of the potential with a logarithmic weight and of its L $\log$ L type Orlicz norms. In the case $α= 1$, our estimates are stronger than the known ones about Schroedinger operators with potentials supported by Lipschitz curves.
In this paper we consider magnetic Schroedinger operators on the two-dimensional unit disk with a radially symmetric magnetic field which explodes to infinity at the boundary. We prove a bound for the eigenvalue moments and a bound for the number of negative eigenvalues for such operators.
The celebrated Cwikel-Lieb_Rozenblum inequality gives an upper estimate for the number of negative eigenvalues of Schroedinger operators in dimension three and higher. The situation is much more difficult in the two dimensional case. There has been significant progress in obtaining upper estimates for the number of negative eigenvalues of two dimensional Schroedinger operators on the whole plane. In this thesis, we present estimates of the Cwikel-Lieb_Rozenblum type for the number of eigenvalues (counted with multiplicities) of two dimensional Schroedinger operators lying below the essential s…
We prove dynamical upper bounds for discrete one-dimensional Schroedinger operators in terms of various spacing properties of the eigenvalues of finite volume approximations. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach by a study of the Fibonacci Hamiltonian.
An explicit construction is provided for embedding n positive eigenvalues in the spectrum of a Schroedinger operator on the half-line with a Dirichlet boundary condition at the origin. The resulting potential is of von Neumann-Wigner type, but can be real valued as well as complex valued.
We prove that the number of negative eigenvalues of two-dimensional magnetic Schroedinger operators is bounded from above by the strength of the corresponding electric potential. Such estimates fail in the absence of a magnetic field. We also show how the corresponding upper bounds depend on the properties of the magnetic field and discuss their connection with Hardy-type inequalities.
We investigate the eigenvalues of perturbed spherical Schrödinger operators under the assumption that the perturbation $q(x)$ satisfies $x q(x) \in L^1(0,1)$. We show that the square roots of eigenvalues are given by the square roots of the unperturbed eigenvalues up to an decaying error depending on the behavior of $q(x)$ near $x=0$. Furthermore, we provide sets of spectral data which uniquely determine $q(x)$.
We consider a quantum particle moving in the one dimensional lattice Z and interacting with a indefinite sign external field v. We prove that the associated discrete Schroedinger operator H can have one or two eigenvalues, situated as below the bottom of the essential spectrum, as well as above its top. Moreover, we show that the operator H can have two eigenvalues outside of the essential spectrum such that one of them is situated below the bottom of the essential spectrum, and other one above its top.
In this paper, we establish Cwikel-type estimates for noncommutative tori for any dimension~$n\geq 2$. We use them to derive Cwikel-Lieb-Rozenblum inequalities and and Lieb-Thirring inequalities for the number of negative eigenvalues of fractional Schroedinger operators on noncommutative tori in any dimension~$n\geq 2$. The latter leads to a Sobolev inequality for noncommutative tori. On the way we establish a "borderline version" of the abstract Birman-Schwinger principle for the number of negative eigenvalues of relatively compact form perturbations of a non-negative semi-bounded operator wi…
We investigate the kernels of the transformation operators for one-dimensional Schroedinger operators with potentials, which are asymptotically close to Bohr almost periodic infinite-gap potentials.
We study the Schroedinger operator with a constant magnetic field in the exterior of a two-dimensional compact domain. Functions in the domain of the operator are subject to a boundary condition of the third type (Robin condition). In addition to the Landau levels, we obtain that the spectrum of this operator consists of clusters of eigenvalues around the Landau levels and that they do accumulate to the Landau levels from below. We give a precise asymptotic formula for the rate of accumulation of eigenvalues in these clusters, which appears to be independent from the boundary condition.
We use the "Value Distribution" theory developed by Pearson and Breimesser to obtain a sequence of functions in the eigenvalue parameter for some Sturm-Liouville problems which have the property of being "uniformly asymptotically distributed".
The aim of the paper is to derive spectral estimates on the eigenvalue moments of the magnetic Schroedinger operators defined on the two-dimensional disk with a radially symmetric magnetic field and radially symmetric electric potential.
In this paper, quantitative upper estimates for the number of eigenvalues lying below the essential spectrum of Schroedinger operators with potentials generated by Ahlfors regular measures in a strip subject to two different types of boundary conditions (Robin and Dirichlet respectively) are presented. The estimates are presented in terms of weighted L^1 norms and Orlicz norms of the potential.
We consider a discrete Schroedinger operator whose potential is the sum of a Wigner-von Neumann term and a summable term. The essential spectrum of this operator equals to the interval [-2,2]. Inside this interval, there are two critical points where eigenvalues may be situated. We prove that, generically, the spectral density of the operator has zeroes of the power type at these points.
This note points out some bounds for the number of negative eigenvalues of Schroedinger operators with Hardy-type potentials, which follow from a simple coordinate transformation, and could prove useful in a spectral analysis of certain supersymmetric quantum mechanical models.
We consider a periodic system of domains coupled by small windows. In such domain we study the band spectrum of a Schroedinger operator subject to Neumann condition. We show that near each isolated eigenvalue of the similar operator but in the periodicity cell, there are several non-intersecting bands of the spectrum for the perturbed operator. We also discuss the position of the points at which the band functions attain the edges of each band.
In this note, we derive explicit formulas for the Schroedinger wave operators in R^2 under the assumption that 0-energy is neither an eigenvalue nor a resonance. These formulas justify the use of a recently introduced topological approach of scattering theory to obtain index theorems.
We consider the Schroedinger operator L_α on the half-line with a periodic background potential and the Wigner-von Neumann potential of Coulomb type: csin(2ωx+d)/(x+1). It is known that the continuous spectrum of the operator L_α has the same band-gap structure as the free periodic operator, whereas in each band of the absolutely continuous spectrum there exist two points (so-called critical or resonance) where the operator L_α has a subordinate solution, which can be either an eigenvalue or a `half-bound' state. The phenomenon of an embedded eigenvalue is unstable under the change of the boun…
The goal of this paper is to derive estimates of eigenvalue moments for Dirichlet Laplacians and Schrödinger operators in regions having infinite cusps which are geometrically nontrivial being either curved or twisted; we are going to show how those geometric properties enter the eigenvalue bounds. The obtained inequalities reflect the essentially one-dimensional character of the cusps and we give an example showing that in an intermediate energy region they can be much stronger than the usual semiclassical bounds.
We consider a Schroedinger operator on the axis with a bipartite potential consisting of two compactly supported complex-valued functions, whose supports are separated by a large distance. We show that this operator possesses a sequence of approximately equidistant complex-valued wavenumbers situated near the real axis. Depending on its imaginary part, each wavenumber corresponds to either a resonance or an eigenvalue. The obtained sequence of wavenumbers resembles transmission resonances in electromagnetic Fabry-Pérot interferometers formed by parallel mirrors. Our result has potential applic…
We prove new and explicit formulas for the wave operators of Schroedinger operators in R^3. These formulas put into light the very special role played by the generator of dilations and validate the topological approach of Levinson's theorem introduced in a previous publication. Our results hold for general (not spherically symmetric) potentials decaying fast enough at infinity, without any assumption on the absence of eigenvalue or resonance at 0-energy.
This paper presents a thorough analysis of 1-dimensional Schroedinger operators whose potential is a linear combination of the Coulomb term 1/r and the centrifugal term 1/r^2. We allow both coupling constants to be complex. Using natural boundary conditions at 0, a two parameter holomorphic family of closed operators is introduced. We call them the Whittaker operators, since in the mathematical literature their eigenvalue equation is called the Whittaker equation. Spectral and scattering theory for Whittaker operators is studied. Whittaker operators appear in quantum mechanics as the radial pa…
We present asymptotically sharp inequalities, containing a second term, for the Dirichlet and Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a domain, which are complementary to the familiar Berezin-Li-Yau and Kröger inequalities in the limit as the eigenvalues tend to infinity. We accomplish this in the framework of the Riesz mean $R_1(z)$ of the eigenvalues by applying the averaged variational principle with families of test functions that have been corrected for boundary behaviour.
For a class of asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds, we show that the bottom of the continuous spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator is not an eigenvalue. Our approach only uses properties of the operator near infinity and, in particular, does not require any global assumptions on the topology or the curvature, unlike previous papers on the same topic.
We study spectral properties of the Schroedinger operator with an imaginary sign potential on the real line. By constructing the resolvent kernel, we show that the pseudospectra of this operator are highly non-trivial, because of a blow-up of the resolvent at infinity. Furthermore, we derive estimates on the location of eigenvalues of the operator perturbed by complex potentials. The overall analysis demonstrates striking differences with respect to the weak-coupling behaviour of the Laplacian.
This mini-course of 20 lectures aims at highlights of spectral theory for self-adjoint partial differential operators, with a heavy emphasis on problems with discrete spectrum. Part I: Discrete Spectrum (ODE preview, Laplacian - computable spectra, Schroedinger - computable spectra, Discrete spectral theorem via sesquilinear forms, Laplace eigenfunctions, Natural boundary conditions, Magnetic Laplacian, Schroedinger in confining well, Variational characterizations, Monotonicity of eigenvalues, Weyl's asymptotic, Polya's conjecture, Reaction-diffusion stability, Thin fluid film stability) Part …
We present asymptotically sharp inequalities for the eigenvalues $μ_k$ of the Laplacian on a domain with Neumann boundary conditions, using the averaged variational principle introduced in \cite{HaSt14}. For the Riesz mean $R_1(z)$ of the eigenvalues we improve the known sharp semiclassical bound in terms of the volume of the domain with a second term with the best possible expected power of $z$. In addition, we obtain two-sided bounds for individual $μ_k$, which are semiclassically sharp. In a final section, we remark upon the Dirichlet case with the same methods.
We define a Schrödinger operator on the half-space with a discontinuous magnetic field having a piecewise-constant strength and a uniform direction. Motivated by applications in the theory of superconductivity, we study the infimum of the spectrum of the operator. We give sufficient conditions on the strength and the direction of the magnetic field such that the aforementioned infimum is an eigenvalue of a reduced model operator on the half-plane. We use the Schrödinger operator on the half-space to study a new semiclassical problem in bounded domains of the space, considering a magnetic Neuma…
We consider Sturm-Liouville equation $y^{\prime\prime}+(λ-q)y=0$ where $q\in L^{1}[0,a]$. We obtain various conditions on the Fourier coefficients of q such that the periodic eigenvalues having the form given by Titchmarsh are asymptotically simple. Under these conditions, we give some asymptotic estimates for the spectral gaps.
We prove quantitative bounds on the eigenvalues of non-selfadjoint unbounded operators obtained from selfadjoint operators by a perturbation that is relatively-Schatten. These bounds are applied to obtain new results on the distribution of eigenvalues of Schroedinger operators with complex potentials.
We show coincidence of the two definitions of the integrated density of states (IDS) for a class of relativistic Schroedinger operators with magnetic fields and scalar potentials, the first one relying on the eigenvalue counting function of operators induced on open bounded sets with Dirichlet boundary conditions, the other one involving the spectral projections of the operator defined on the entire space. In this way one generalizes previous results for non-relativistic operators. The proofs needs the magnetic pseudodifferential calculus, as well as a Feynman-Kac-Ito formula for Levy processe…
We consider the Schrödinger operator $\mathcal L_α$ on the half-line with a periodic background potential and a perturbation which consists of two parts: a summable potential and the slowly decaying Wigner--von Neumann potential $\frac{c\sin(2ωx+δ)}{x^γ}$, where $γ\in(\frac12,1)$. The continuous spectrum of this operator has the same band-gap structure as the continuous spectrum of the unperturbed periodic operator. In every band there exist two points, called critical, where the eigenfunction equation has square summable solutions. Every critical point $ν_{cr}$ is an eigenvalue of the operato…
In this paper we continue our study of the Laplacian on manifolds with axial analytic asymptotically cylindrical ends initiated in~arXiv:1003.2538. By using the complex scaling method and the Phragmén-Lindelöf principle we prove exponential decay of the eigenfunctions corresponding to the non-threshold eigenvalues of the Laplacian on functions. In the case of a manifold with (non-compact) boundary it is either the Dirichlet Laplacian or the Neumann Laplacian. We show that the rate of exponential decay of an eigenfunction is prescribed by the distance from the corresponding eigenvalue to the ne…
We consider the Landau Hamiltonian (i.e. the 2D Schroedinger operator with constant magnetic field) perturbed by an electric potential V which decays sufficiently fast at infinity. The spectrum of the perturbed Hamiltonian consists of clusters of eigenvalues which accumulate to the Landau levels. Applying a suitable version of the anti-Wick quantization, we investigate the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues within a given cluster as the number of the cluster tends to infinity. We obtain an explicit description of the asymptotic density of the eigenvalues in terms of the Radon transform…
We analyze two-dimensional Schrödinger operators with the potential $|xy|^p - λ(x^2+y^2)^{p/(p+2)}$ where $p\ge 1$ and $λ\ge 0$, which exhibit an abrupt change of its spectral properties at a critical value of the coupling constant $λ$. We show that in the supercritical case the spectrum covers the whole real axis. In contrast, for $λ$ below the critical value the spectrum is purely discrete and we establish a Lieb-Thirring-type bound on its moments. In the critical case the essential spectrum covers the positive halfline while the negative spectrum can be only discrete, we demonstrate numeric…
Yes it does ! Indeed an extended version of Levinson's theorem is proposed for a system involving complex eigenvalues. The perturbed system corresponds to a realization of the Schroedinger operator with inverse square potential on the half-line, while the Dirichlet Laplacian on the half-line is chosen for the reference system. The resulting relation is an equality between the number of eigenvalues of the perturbed system and the winding number of the scattering system together with additional operators living at 0-energy and at infinite energy.
We consider the Hamiltonian $\hat {\mathrm{H}}_μ$ of a system of three identical particles(bosons) on the $d-$ dimensional lattice $\Z^d, d=1,2$ interacting via pairwise zero-range attractive potential $μ<0$. We describe precise location and structure of the essential spectrum of the Schrödinger operator $H_μ(K),K\in \T^d$ associated to $\hat {\mathrm{H}}_μ$ and prove the finiteness of the number of bound states of $H_μ(K),K\in \T^d$ lying below the bottom of the essential spectrum. Moreover, we show that bound states decay exponentially at infinity and eigenvalues and corresponding bound stat…
