We first quantize the Witt algebra in characteristic 0. Then, we consider the reduction modulo p of our formulas. This gives polynomial deformations of the restricted envelopping algebra of the Witt algebra. By this way, we get new families of noncommutative noncocommutative Hopf algebras of dimension p^p in char p.
A Hom-type algebra is called involutive if its Hom map is multiplicative and involutive. In this paper, we obtain an explicit construction of the free involutive Hom-associative algebra on a Hom-module. We then apply this construction to obtain the universal enveloping algebra of an involutive Hom-Lie algebra. Finally we obtain a Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem for the enveloping associative algebra of an involutive Hom-Lie algebra.
The purpose of this paper is to compute the second adjoint cohomology group of q-deformed Witt superalgebras. They are Hom-Lie superalgebras obtained by q-deformation of Witt Lie superalgebra, that is one considers $σ$-derivations instead of classical derivations.
Rota-Baxter associative algebras and Rota-Baxter Lie algebras are both important in mathematics and mathematical physics, with the former a basic structure in quantum field renormalization and the latter a operator form of the classical Yang-Baxter equation. An outstanding problem posed by Gubarev is to determine whether there is a Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem for the universal enveloping Rota-Baxter associative algebra of a Rota-Baxter Lie algebra. This paper resolves this problem positively, working with operated algebras and applying the method of Gröbner-Shirshov bases.
We develop the analogue of the Witt construction in characteristic one. We construct a functor from pairs of a perfect semi-ring of characteristic one and an element strictly larger than one, to real Banach algebras. We find that the entropy function familiar in thermodynamics, ergodic theory and information theory occurs uniquely as the analogue of the Teichmuller polynomials in characteristic one. We then apply the construction to the semi-field of positive real numbers with max as addition, which plays a central role in idempotent analysis and tropical geometry. Our construction gives the i…
We show that the double quantization of Seiberg-Witten spectral curve for $Γ$-quiver gauge theory defines the generating current of W$(Γ)$-algebra in the free field realization. We also show that the partition function is given as a correlator of the corresponding W$(Γ)$-algebra, which is equivalent to the AGT relation under the gauge/quiver (spectral) duality.
We quantize the generalized-Witt algebra in characteristic 0 with its Lie bialgebra structures discovered by Song-Su (\cite{GY}). Via a modulo p reduction and a modulo "p-restrictedness" reduction process, we get 2^n{-}1 families of truncated p-polynomial noncocommutative deformations of the restricted universal enveloping algebra of the Jacobson-Witt algebra \mathbf{W}(n;\underline{1}) (for the Cartan type simple modular restricted Lie algebra of W type). They are new families of noncommutative and noncocommutative Hopf algebras of dimension p^{1+np^n} in characteristic p. Our results general…
In a paper by Michaelis a class of infinite-dimensional Lie bialgebras containing the Virasoro algebra was presented. This type of Lie bialgebras was classified by Ng and Taft. In this paper, all Lie bialgebra structures on the Lie algebras of generalized Witt type are classified. It is proved that, for any Lie algebra $W$ of generalized Witt type, all Lie bialgebras on $W$ are coboundary triangular Lie bialgebras. As a by-product, it is also proved that the first cohomology group $H^1(W,W \otimes W)$ is trivial.
We pursue a uniform quantization of all twists of 4-dimensional N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, using the BV formalism, and we explore consequences for factorization algebras of observables. Our central result is the construction of a one-loop exact quantization on $\mathbb R^4$ for all such twists and for every point in a moduli of vacua. When an action of the group SO(4) can be defined - for instance, for Kapustin and Witten's family of twists - the associated framing anomaly vanishes. It follows that the local observables in such theories can be canonically described by a family of …
Structures of dual Lie bialgebras on the one sided Witt algebra, the Witt algebra and the Virasoro algebra are investigated. As a result, we obtain some infinite dimensional Lie algebras.
In a paper by Xu, some simple Lie algebras of generalized Cartan type were constructed, using the mixtures of grading operators and down-grading operators. Among them, are the simple Lie algebras of generalized Witt type, which are in general nongraded and have no torus. In this paper, some representations of these simple Lie algebras of generalized Witt type are presented.
This paper begins by introducing the concept of a quasi-hom-Lie algebra which is a natural generalization of hom-Lie algebras introduced in a previous paper by the authors. Quasi-hom-Lie algebras include also as special cases (color) Lie algebras and superalgebras, and can be seen as deformations of these by homomorphisms, twisting the Jacobi identity and skew-symmetry. The natural realm for these quasi-hom-Lie algebras is as a generalization-deformation of the Witt algebra $\Witt$ of derivations on the Laurent polynomials $\C[t,t^{-1}]$. We also develop a theory of central extensions for qhl-…
Recently, motivated by supersymmetric gauge theory, Cachazo, Douglas, Seiberg, and Witten proposed a conjecture about finite dimensional simple Lie algebras, and checked it in the classical cases. We prove the conjecture for type G_2, and also verify a consequence of the conjecture in the general case.
The purpose of this paper is to study Virasoro extensions of the q-deformed Witt Hom-Lie superalgebra. Moreover, we provide the cohomology and deformations of the Ramond Hom-superalgebra and special Ramond Hom-superalgebra.
We classify all the pairs of a commutative associative algebra with an identity element and its finite-dimensional commutative locally-finite derivation subalgebra such that the commutative associative algebra is derivation-simple with respect to the derivation subalgebra over an algebraically closed field with characteristic 0. Such pairs are the fundamental ingredients for constructing generalized simple Lie algebras of Cartan type. Moreover, we determine the isomorphic classes of the generalized simple Lie algebras of Witt Type. The structure space of these algebras is given explicitly.
For q generic or a primitive l-th root of unity, q-Witt algebras are described by means of q-divided power algebras. The structure of the universal q-central extension of the q-Witt algebra, the q-Virasoro algebra, is also determined. q-Lie algebras are investigated and the q-PBW theorem for the universal enveloping algebras of q-Lie algebras is proved. A realization of a class of representations of the q-Witt algebras is given. Based on it, the q-holomorph structure for the q-Witt algebras is constructed, which interprets the realization in the context of representation theory.
A proof of Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem is given for a class of generalized Lie algebras closely related to the Gurevich S-Lie algebras. As concrete examples, we construct the positive (negative) parts of the quantized universal enveloping algebras of type A_n and M_{p,q,e}(n,K), which is a non-standard quantum deformation of GL(n). In particular, we get, for both algebras, a unified proof of the Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem and we show that they are genuine universal enveloping algebras of certain generalized Lie algebras.
Differential calculi of Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt type on universal enveloping algebras of Lie algebras g are defined. This definition turns out to be independent of the basis chosen in g. The role of automorphisms of g is explained. It is proved that no differential calculus of Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt type exists on semi-simple Lie algebras. Examples are given, namely gl_n, Abelian Lie algebras, the Heisenberg algebra, the Witt and the Virasoro algebra. Completely treated are the 2-dimensional solvable Lie algebra, and the 3-dimensional Heisenberg algebra.
We describe a new method of quantization of Lie bialgebras, based on a construction of Hopf algebras out of a cocommutative coalgebra and a braided comonoidal functor.
We construct quantization functors of quasi-Lie bialgebras. We establish a bijection between this set of quantization functors, modulo equivalence and twist equivalence, and the set of quantization functors of Lie bialgebras, modulo equivalence. This is based on the acyclicity of the kernel of the natural morphism from the universal deformation complex of quasi-Lie bialgebras to that of Lie bialgebras. The proof of this acyclicity consists in several steps, ending up in the acyclicity of a complex related to free Lie algebras, namely, the universal version of the Lie algebra cohomology complex…
In this paper, we study the representation theory for the affine Lie algebra $\H$ associated to the Nappi-Witten model $H_{4}$. We classify all the irreducible highest weight modules of $\H$. Furthermore, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for each $\H$-(generalized) Verma module to be irreducible. For reducible ones, we characterize all the linearly independent singular vectors. Finally, we construct Wakimoto type modules for these Lie algebras and interpret this construction in terms of vertex operator algebras and their modules.
Let $(g,δ_\hbar)$ be a Lie bialgebra. Let $(U_\hbar(g),Δ_\hbar)$ a quantization of $(g,δ_\hbar)$ through Etingof-Kazhdan functor. We prove the existence of a $L_\infty$-morphism between the Lie algebra $C(\g)=Λ(g)$ and the tensor algebra $TU=T(U_\hbar(g)[-1])$ with Lie algebra structure given by the Gerstenhaber bracket. When $(g,δ_\hbar,r)$ is a coboundary Lie bialgebra, we deduce from the formality morphism the existence of a quantization $R$ of $r$.
We introduce the notion of Gamma-Lie bialgebra, where Gamma is a group. These objects give rise to cocommutative co-Poisson algebras, for which we construct quantization functors. This enlarges the class of co-Poisson algebras for which a quantization is known. Our result relies on our earlier work, where we showed that twists of Lie bialgebras can be quantized; we complement this work by studying the behavior of this quantization under compositions of twists.
This is the first in a series of articles devoted to deformation quantization of gerbes. Here we give basic definitions and interpret deformations of a given gerbe as Maurer-Cartan elements of a differential graded Lie algebra (DGLA). We classify all deformations of a given gerbe on a symplectic manifold, as well as provide a deformation-theoretic interpretation of the first Rozansky-Witten class.
We present the method for finding of the nonlinear Poisson-Lie groups structures on the vector spaces and for their quantization. For arbitrary central extension of Lie algebra explicit formulas of quantization are proposed.
A model of 3-dimensional topological quantum field theory is rigorously constructed. The results are applied to an explicit formula for deformation quantization of any finite-dimensional Lie bialgebra over the field of complex numbers. This gives an explicit construction of "quantum groups" from any Lie bialgebra, which was proven without explicit formulas in [EK].
The extended affine Lie algebra $\widetilde{\frak{sl}_2(\mathbb{C}_q)}$ is quantized from three different points of view in this paper, which produces three noncommutative and noncocommutative Hopf algebra structures, and yield other three quantizations by an isomorphism of $\widetilde{\frak{sl}_2(\mathbb{C}_q)}$ correspondingly. Moreover, two of these quantizations can be restricted to the extended affine Lie algebra ${sl_2(\mathbb{C}_q)}$.
We show that any coboundary Lie bialgebra can be quantized. For this, we prove that: (a) Etingof-Kazhdan quantization functors are compatible with Lie bialgebra twists, and (b) if such a quantization functor corresponds to an even associator, then it is also compatible with the operation of taking coopposites. We also use the relation between the Etingof-Kazhdan construction of quantization functors and the alternative approach to this problem, which was established in a previous work.
We study the behavior of the Etingof-Kazhdan quantization functors under the natural duality operations of Lie bialgebras and Hopf algebras. In particular, we prove that these functors are "compatible with duality", i.e., they commute with the operation of duality followed by replacing the coproduct by its opposite. We then show that any quantization functor with this property also commutes with the operation of taking doubles. As an application, we show that the Etingof-Kazhdan quantization of some affine Lie superalgebras coincide with their Drinfeld-Jimbo-type quantizations.
The Connes-Kreimer renormalization Hopf algebras are examples of a canonical quantization procedure for pre-Lie algebras. We give a simple construction of this quantization using the universal enveloping algebra for so-called twisted Lie algebras (Lie algebras in the category of symmetric sequences of k-modules). As an application, we obtain a simple proof of the (quantized) PBW theorem for Lie algebras which come from a pre-Lie product (over an arbitrary commutative ring). More generally, we observe that the quantization and the PBW theorem extend to pre-Lie algebras in arbitrary abelian symm…
The main purpose of this paper is to study Quantization of color Lie bialgebras, generalizing to color case the approach by Etingof-Kazhdan which were considered for superbialgebras by Geer. Moreover we discuss Drinfeld category, Quantization of Triangular color Lie bialgebras and Simple color Lie bialgebras of Cartan type.
Using the quantum double method, we construct a universal R-matrix for the quantization of the Lie superalgebra D(2,1,x). We use this result to construct a link invariant and show it coincides with a specialization of Kauffman's Dubrovnik polynomial.
We compute the stable homology of necklace Lie algebras associated with quivers and give a construction of stable homology classes from certain $A_\infty$-categories. Our construction is a generalization of the construction of homology classes of moduli spaces of curves due to M. Kontsevich. In the second part of the paper we produce a Moyal-type quantization of the symmetric algebra of a necklace Lie algebra. The resulting quantized algebra has natural representations in the usual Moyal quantization of polynomial algebras.
This paper is a continuation of "Quantization of Lie bialgebras, I" (q-alg/9606005). We show that the quantization procedure defined in "Quantization of Lie bialgebras, I" is given by universal acyclic formulas and defines a functor from the category of Lie bialgebras to the category of quantized universal enveloping algebras. We also show that this functor defines an equivalence between the category of Lie bialgebras over k[[h]] and the category quantized universal enveloping (QUE) algebras.
We propose a variant to the Etingof-Kazhdan construction of quantization functors. We construct the twistor J_Φassociated to an associator Φusing cohomological techniques. We then introduce a criterion ensuring that the ``left Hopf algebra'' of a quasitriangular QUE algebra is flat. We prove that this criterion is satisfied at the universal level. This provides a construction of quantization functors, equivalent to the Etingof-Kazhdan construction.
In this paper, we use the general quantization method by Drinfel'd twists to quantize the Schrödinger-Virasoro Lie algebra whose Lie bialgebra structures were recently discovered by Han-Li-Su. We give two different kinds of Drinfel'd twists, which are then used to construct the corresponding Hopf algebraic structrues. Our results extend the class of examples of noncommutative and noncocommutative Hopf algebras.
Poisson-Lie (PL) dynamical r-matrices are generalizations of dynamical r-matrices, where the base is a Poisson-Lie group. We prove analogues of basic results for these r-matrices, namely constructions of (quasi)Poisson groupoids and of Poisson homogeneous spaces. We introduce a class of PL dynamical r-matrices, associated to nondegenerate Lie bialgebras with a splitting; this is a generalization of trigonometric r-matrices with an abelian base. We prove a composition theorem for PL dynamical r-matrices, and construct quantizations of the polarized PL dynamical r-matrices. This way, we obtain q…
The homogeneous Rota-Baxter operators on the Witt and Virasoro algebras are classified. As applications, the induced solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation and the induced pre-Lie and PostLie algebra structures are obtained.
The Witt group of nondegenerate braided fusion categories $\mathcal{W}$ contains a subgroup $\mathcal{W}_\text{un}$ consisting of Witt equivalence classes of pseudo-unitary nondegenerate braided fusion categories. For each finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ and positive integer $k$ there exists a pseudo-unitary category $\mathcal{C}(\mathfrak{g},k)$ consisting of highest weight integerable $\hat{g}$-modules of level $k$ where $\hat{\mathfrak{g}}$ is the corresponding affine Lie algebra. Relations between the classes $[\mathcal{C}(\mathfrak{sl}_2,k)]$, $k\geq1$ have been compl…
We develop a new approach to deformation quantizations of Lie bialgebras and Poisson structures which goes in two steps. In the first step one associates to any Poisson (resp. Lie bialgebra) structure a so called quantizable Poisson (resp. Lie bialgebra) structure. We show explicit transcendental formulae for this correspondence. In the second step one deformation quantizes a quantizable Poisson (resp. Lie bialgebra) structure. We show again explicit transcendental formulae for this second step correspondence (as a byproduct we obtain configuration space models for biassociahedron and bipermut…
We study algebras defined by identities in symmetric monoidal categories. Our focus is on Lie algebras. Besides usual Lie algebras, there are examples appearing in the study of knot invariants and Rozansky-Witten invariants. Our main result is a proof of Westbury's conjecture for K3-surface: there exists a Lie algebra homomorphism from Vogel's universal simple Lie algebra to the Lie algebra describing the Rozansky-Witten invariants of a K3-surface. Most of the paper involves setting up a proper language to discuss the problem and we formulate nine open questions as we proceed.
We describe two types of Poisson pencils generated by a linear bracket and a quadratic one arising from a classical R-matrix. A quantization scheme is discussed for each. The quantum algebras are represented as the enveloping algebras of ``generalized Lie algebras''.
The positive half of the Witt algebra is the Lie algebra spanned by vector fields x^{m+1} d/dx acting as differentiations on the polynomial algebra Q[x] upon which the Soergel bimodule construction of triply graded link homology is based. We show that this action of Witt algebra can be extended to the link homology.
By considering non-trivial global deformations of the Witt (and the Virasoro) algebra given by geometric constructions it is shown that, despite their infinitesimal and formal rigidity, they are globally not rigid. This shows the need of a clear indication of the type of deformations considered. The families appearing are constructed as families of algebras of Krichever-Novikov type. They show up in a natural way in the global operator approach to the quantization of two-dimensional conformal field theory. In addition, a proof of the infinitesimal and formal rigidity of the Witt algebra is pre…
We introduce dg Lie algebras controlling the deformations of vertex algebras and vertex Poisson algebras, utilizing the notion of operadic dg Lie algebra and the theory of chiral algebra. In terms of those dg Lie algebras, we formulate the deformation quantization problem of vertex Poisson algebras to vertex algebras.
Let $G$ be a Poisson Lie group and $\g$ its Lie bialgebra. Suppose that $\g$ is a group Lie bialgebra. This means that there is an action of a discrete group $Γ$ on $G$ deforming the Poisson structure into coboundary equivalent ones. Starting from this we construct a non-trivial stack of Hopf-Poisson algebras and prove the existence of associated deformation quantizations. This non-trivial stack is a stack of functions on the formal Poisson group, dual of the starting $Γ$ Poisson-Lie group. To quantize this non-trivial stack we use quantization of a $Γ$ Lie bialgebra which is the infinitesimal…
In this paper we consider the problem of deformation quantization of the algebra of polynomial functions on coadjoint orbits of semisimple lie groups. The deformation of an orbit is realized by taking the quotient of the universal enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra of the given Lie group, by a suitable ideal. A comparison with geometric quantization in the case of SU(2) is done where both methods agree.
The aim of this article is to give a quantization of some coisotropic subalgebras in complex semisimple Lie bialgebras. The coisotropic subalgebras that will be quantized are those given by Zambon in his paper "`A Construction for coisotropic subalgebras of Lie Bialgebras"' [Zam08]. We will also extend the construction for the exceptional complex semisimple Lie bialgebras.
By working with several specific Poisson-Lie groups arising from Heisenberg Lie bialgebras and by carrying out their quantizations, a case is made for a useful but simple method of constructing locally compact quantum groups. The strategy is to analyze and collect enough information from a Poisson-Lie group, and using it to carry out a ``cocycle bicrossed product construction''. Constructions are done using multiplicative unitary operators, obtaining C*-algebraic, locally compact quantum (semi-)groups.
We consider a class of homogeneous manifolds including all semisimple coadjoint orbits. We describe manifolds of that class admitting deformation q uantizations equivariant under the action of $G$ and the corresponding quantum group. We also classify Poisson brackets relating to such quantizations.
In this paper we construct a deformation quantization of the algebra of polynomials of an arbitrary (regular and non regular) coadjoint orbit of a compact semisimple Lie group. The deformed algebra is given as a quotient of the enveloping algebra by a suitable ideal.
We construct a new family of irreducible modules over any basic classical affine Kac-Moody Lie superalgebra which are induced from modules over the Heisenberg subalgebra. We also obtain irreducible deformations of these modules for the quantum affine superalgebra of type A.
All coboundary Lie bialgebras and their corresponding Poisson--Lie structures are constructed for the oscillator algebra generated by $\{å,\ap,\am,\bb\}$. Quantum oscillator algebras are derived from these bialgebras by using the Lyakhovsky and Mudrov formalism and, for some cases, quantizations at both algebra and group levels are obtained, including their universal $R$--matrices.
We prove that the action of the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group on the genus completed properad of (homotopy) Lie bialgebras commutes with the reversing directions involution of the latter. We also prove that every universal quantization of Lie bialgebras is homotopy equivalent to the one which commutes with the duality involution exchanging Lie bracket and Lie cobracket. The proofs are based on a new result in the theory of oriented graph complexes (which can be of independent interest) saying that the involution on an oriented graph complex that changes all directions on edges induces the ide…
All possible Lie bialgebra structures on the harmonic oscillator algebra are explicitly derived and it is shown that all of them are of the coboundary type. A non-standard quantum oscillator is introduced as a quantization of a triangular Lie bialgebra, and a universal $R$-matrix linked to this new quantum algebra is presented.