Poisson-Lie (PL) dynamical r-matrices are generalizations of dynamical r-matrices, where the base is a Poisson-Lie group. We prove analogues of basic results for these r-matrices, namely constructions of (quasi)Poisson groupoids and of Poisson homogeneous spaces. We introduce a class of PL dynamical r-matrices, associated to nondegenerate Lie bialgebras with a splitting; this is a generalization of trigonometric r-matrices with an abelian base. We prove a composition theorem for PL dynamical r-matrices, and construct quantizations of the polarized PL dynamical r-matrices. This way, we obtain quantizations of Poisson homogeneous structures on G/L (G a semisimple Lie group, L a Levi subgroup), thereby generalizing earlier constructions.
We introduce dg Lie algebras controlling the deformations of vertex algebras and vertex Poisson algebras, utilizing the notion of operadic dg Lie algebra and the theory of chiral algebra. In terms of those dg Lie algebras, we formulate the deformation quantization problem of vertex Poisson algebras to vertex algebras.
We construct an analogue of the Livernet--Loday operad for two compatible brackets. The Livernet--Loday operad can be used to define $\star$-products and deformation quantization for Poisson structures. We make use of our operad in the same way, introducing a definition of (operadic) deformation quantization of compatible Poisson structures.
We give an elementary proof of the result by Leichtnam, Tang, and Weinstein that there exists a deformation quantization with separation of variables on a complex manifold endowed with a Kaehler-Poisson structure vanishing on a Levi nondegenerate hypersurface and nondegenerate on its complement.
We study the deformation complex of the dg wheeled properad of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded quadratic Poisson structures and prove that it is quasi-isomorphic to the even M. Kontsevich graph complex. As a first application we show that the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group acts on the genus completion of that wheeled properad faithfully and essentially transitively. As a second application we classify all universal quantizations of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded quadratic Poisson structures together with the underlying (so called) homogeneous formality maps. In particular we show that two universal quantizations of …
We give a simple formula for the operator C_3 of the standard deformation quantization with separation of variables on a Kähler manifold M. Unlike C_1 and C_2, this operator can not be expressed in terms of the Kähler-Poisson tensor on M. We modify C_3 to obtain a covariant deformation quantization with separation of variables up to the third order which is expressed in terms of the Poisson tensor on M and thus can be defined on an arbitrary complex manifold endowed with a Poisson bivector field of type (1,1).
In this paper we prove that any Poisson structure on a sheaf of Lie algebroids admits a weak deformation quantization, and give a sufficient condition for such a Poisson structure to admit an actual deformation quantization. We also answer the corresponding classification problems. In the complex symplectic case, we recover in particular some results of Nest-Tsygan and Polesello-Schapira. We begin the paper with a recollection of known facts about deformation theory of cosimplicial differential graded Lie algebras.
In the algebra Sym(gl(m)) we consider Poisson pencils generated by the linear Poisson-Lie bracket {,}_{gl(m)} and that corresponding to the so-called Reflection Equation Algebra. Each bracket of such a pencil has the Poisson center coinciding with that of the bracket {,}_{gl(m)}. Consequently, any bracket from this pencil can be restricted to a generic GL(m)-orbit O in gl(m)*. Quantization of such a restricted bracket can be done in the frameworks of braided affine geometry. In the paper we consider these Poisson structures, their super-analogs as well as their quantum (braided) counterparts. …
We develop a new approach to deformation quantizations of Lie bialgebras and Poisson structures which goes in two steps. In the first step one associates to any Poisson (resp. Lie bialgebra) structure a so called quantizable Poisson (resp. Lie bialgebra) structure. We show explicit transcendental formulae for this correspondence. In the second step one deformation quantizes a quantizable Poisson (resp. Lie bialgebra) structure. We show again explicit transcendental formulae for this second step correspondence (as a byproduct we obtain configuration space models for biassociahedron and bipermut…
Let $G$ be a simple complex factorizable Poisson Lie algebraic group. Let $\U_\hbar(\g)$ be the corresponding quantum group. We study $\U_\hbar(\g)$-equivariant quantization $\C_\hbar[G]$ of the affine coordinate ring $\C[G]$ along the Semenov-Tian-Shansky bracket. For a simply connected group $G$ we prove an analog of the Kostant-Richardson theorem stating that $\C_\hbar[G]$ is a free module over its center.
Le $X$ be a $C^\infty$-manifold and $\g$ be a finite dimensional Lie algebra acting freely on $X$. Let $r \in \ve^2(\g)$ be such that $Z=[r,r] \in \ve^3(\g)^\g$. In this paper we prove that every quasi-Poisson $(\g,Z)$-manifold can be quantized. This is a generalization of the existence of a twist quantization of coboundary Lie bialgebras (\cite{EH}) in the case $X=G$ (where $G$ is the simply connected Lie group corresponding to $\g$). We deduce our result from a generalized formality theorem. In the case Z=0, we get a new proof of the existence of (equivariant) formality theorem and so (equiv…
This paper consists of two parts. In the first part we show that any Poisson algebraic group over a field of characteristic zero and any Poisson Lie group admits a local quantization. This answers positively a question of Drinfeld. In the second part we apply our techniques of quantization to obtain some nontrivial examples of quantization of Poisson homogeneous spaces.
To each natural deformation quantization on a Poisson manifold M we associate a Poisson morphism from the formal neighborhood of the zero section of the cotangent bundle to M to the formal neighborhood of the diagonal of the product M x M~, where M~ is a copy of M with the opposite Poisson structure. We call it dequantization of the natural deformation quantization. Then we "dequantize" Fedosov's quantization.
We give the analogue for Hopf algebras of the polyuble Lie bialgebra construction by Fock and Rosli. By applying this construction to the Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum group, we obtain a deformation quantization $\mathbb{C}_\hslash[(N \backslash G)^m]$ of a Poisson structure $π^{(m)}$ on products $(N \backslash G)^m$ of principal affine spaces of a connected and simply connected complex semisimple Lie group $G$. The Poisson structure $π^{(m)}$ descends to a Poisson structure $π_m$ on products $(B \backslash G)^m$ of the flag variety of $G$ which was introduced and studied by the Lu and the author. An…
We describe a deformation quantization of a modification of Poisson geometry by a closed 3-form. Under suitable conditions it gives rise to a stack of algebras. The basic object used for this aim is a kind of families of Poisson structures given by a Maurer-Cartan equation; they are easily quantized using Kontsevich's Formality theorem.
CGL extensions, named after G. Cauchon, K. Goodearl, and E. Letzter, are a special class of noncommutative algebras that are iterated Ore extensions of associative algebras with compatible torus actions. Examples of CGL extensions include quantum Schubert cells and quantized coordinate rings of double Bruhat cells. CGL extensions have been studied extensively in connection with quantum groups and quantum cluster algebras. For a field $\mathbf{k}$ of characteristic $0$, let $L=\mathbf{k}[q^{\pm 1}]$ be the $\mathbf{k}$-algebra of Laurent polynomials in the single variable $q$ and let $\mathbb{K…
We check The Vaisman condition of geometric quantization for R-matrix type Poisson pencil on a coadjoint orbit of a compact Lie group. It is shown that this condition isn't satisfied.
We introduce a new kind of groupoid--a pseudo étale groupoid, which provides many interesting examples of noncommutative Poisson algebras as defined by Block, Getzler, and Xu. Following the idea that symplectic and Poisson geometries are the semiclassical limits of the corresponding quantum geometries, we quantize these noncommutative Poisson manifolds in the framework of deformation quantization.
An 'isomorphism' between the 'moduli space' of star products on $\R^2$ and the 'moduli space' of all formal Poisson structures on $\R^2$ is established.
Symmetries of Poisson manifolds are in general quantized just to symmetries up to homotopy of the quantized algebra of functions. It is therefore interesting to study symmetries up to homotopy of Poisson manifolds. We notice that they are equivalent to Poisson principal bundles and describe their quantization to symmetries up to homotopy of the quantized algebras of functions.
We develop a quantum duality principle for coisotropic subgroups of a (formal) Poisson group and its dual. Namely, starting from a quantum coisotropic subgroup (for a quantization of a given Poisson group) we provide functorial recipes to produce quantizations of the dual coisotropic subgroup (in the dual formal Poisson group). By the natural link between subgroups and homogeneous spaces, we argue a quantum duality principle for Poisson homogeneous spaces which are Poisson quotients, i.e. have at least one zero-dimensional symplectic leaf. As an application, we provide an explicit quantization…
We express the difference between Poisson bracket and deformed bracket for Kontsevich deformation quantization on any Poisson manifold by means of second derivative of the formality quasi-isomorphism. The counterpart on star products of the action of formal diffeomorphisms on Poisson formal bivector fields is also investigated.
We describe two types of Poisson pencils generated by a linear bracket and a quadratic one arising from a classical R-matrix. A quantization scheme is discussed for each. The quantum algebras are represented as the enveloping algebras of ``generalized Lie algebras''.
As one knows, for every Poisson manifold $M$ there exists a formal noncommutative deformation of the algebra of functions on it; it is determined in a unique way (up to an equivalence relation) by the given Poisson bivector. Let a Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ act by derivations on the functions on $M$. The main question, which we shall address in this paper is whether it is possible to lift this action to the derivations on the deformed algebra. It is easy to see, that when dimension of $\mathfrak g$ is $1$, the only necessary and sufficient condition for this is that the given action is by Poiss…
Let $G$ be a Poisson Lie group and $\g$ its Lie bialgebra. Suppose that $\g$ is a group Lie bialgebra. This means that there is an action of a discrete group $Γ$ on $G$ deforming the Poisson structure into coboundary equivalent ones. Starting from this we construct a non-trivial stack of Hopf-Poisson algebras and prove the existence of associated deformation quantizations. This non-trivial stack is a stack of functions on the formal Poisson group, dual of the starting $Γ$ Poisson-Lie group. To quantize this non-trivial stack we use quantization of a $Γ$ Lie bialgebra which is the infinitesimal…
Any classical r-matrix on the Lie algebra of linear operators on a real vector space V gives rise to a quadratic Poisson structure on V which admits a deformation quantization stemming from the construction of V. Drinfel'd. We exhibit in this article an example of quadratic Poisson structure which does not arise this way.
We give simple explicit formulas for deformation quantization of Poisson-Lie groups and of similar Poisson manifolds which can be represented as moduli spaces of flat connections on surfaces. The star products depend on a choice of Drinfeľd associator and are obtained by applying certain monoidal functors (fusion and reduction) to commutative algebras in Drinfeľd categories. From a geometric point of view this construction can be understood as a quantization of the quasi-Poisson structures on moduli spaces of flat connections.
In this paper we introduce two classes of Poisson brackets on algebras (or on sheaves of algebras). We call them locally free and nonsingular Poisson brackets. Using the Fedosov's method we prove that any locally free nonsingular Poisson bracket can be quantized. In particular, it follows from this that all Poisson brackets on an arbitrary field of characteristic zero can be quantized. The well known theorem about the quantization of nondegenerate Poisson brackets on smooth manifolds follows from the main result of this paper as well.
We propose a formulation of the quantization problem of Manin quadruples, and show that a solution to this problem yields a quantization of the corresponding Poisson homogeneous spaces. We then solve both quantization problems in an example related to quantum spheres.
We introduce the notion of Gamma-Lie bialgebra, where Gamma is a group. These objects give rise to cocommutative co-Poisson algebras, for which we construct quantization functors. This enlarges the class of co-Poisson algebras for which a quantization is known. Our result relies on our earlier work, where we showed that twists of Lie bialgebras can be quantized; we complement this work by studying the behavior of this quantization under compositions of twists.
Given a Lie algebra, there uniquely exists a Poisson algebra which is called a Lie-Poisson algebra over the Lie algebra. We will prove that given a Loday/Leibniz algebra there exists uniquely a noncommutative Poisson algebra over the Loday algebra. The noncommutative Poisson algebras are called the Loday-Poisson algebras. In the super/graded cases, the Loday-Poisson bracket is regarded as a noncommutative version of classical (linear) Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket. It will be shown that the Loday-Poisson algebras form a special subclass of Aguiar's dual-prePoisson algebras. We also study a proble…
A simple iterative procedure is suggested for the deformation quantization of (irregular) Poisson brackets associated to the classical Yang-Baxter equation. The construction is shown to admit a pure algebraic reformulation giving the Universal Deformation Formula (UDF) for any triangular Lie bialgebra. A simple proof of classification theorem for inequivalent UDF's is given. As an example the explicit quantization formula is presented for the quasi-homogeneous Poisson brackets on two-plane.
By working with several specific Poisson-Lie groups arising from Heisenberg Lie bialgebras and by carrying out their quantizations, a case is made for a useful but simple method of constructing locally compact quantum groups. The strategy is to analyze and collect enough information from a Poisson-Lie group, and using it to carry out a ``cocycle bicrossed product construction''. Constructions are done using multiplicative unitary operators, obtaining C*-algebraic, locally compact quantum (semi-)groups.
Jiang-Hua Lu showed that any dynamical r-matrix for the pair $(g,u)$ naturally induces a Poisson homogeneous structure on $G/U$. She also proved that if $g$ is complex simple, $u$ is its Cartan subalgebra and $r$ is quasitriangular, then this correspondence is in fact 1-1. In the present paper we find some general conditions under which the Lu correspondence is 1-1. Then we apply this result to describe all triangular Poisson homogeneous structures on $G/U$ for a simple complex group $G$ and its reductive subgroup $U$ containing a Cartan subgroup.
In this paper we introduce the concept of Hamiltonian system in the canonical and Poisson settings. We will discuss the quantization of the Hamiltonian systems in the Poisson context, using formal deformation quantization and quantum group theories.
We give a self-contained algebraic description of a formal symplectic groupoid over a Poisson manifold M. To each natural star product on M we then associate a canonical formal symplectic groupoid over M. Finally, we construct a unique formal symplectic groupoid `with separation of variables' over an arbitrary Kaehler-Poisson manifold.
These notes are based on the course given at the School of Geometry, University Kasdi Merbah (Ouargla) 2012. The aim of the course was the deformation quantization of Poisson Lie groups. In these notes we only review Kontsevich's formality theorem.
We show that for every vector bundle E over any given symplectic manifold M there exists an explicitly given super-Poisson bracket on the space of sections of the dual Grassmann bundle associated to E built out of symplectic structure of M, a fibre metric on E, and a connection in E compatible with the given fibre metric. Moreover, we construct a deformation quantization for this space of sections by means of a Fedosov type procedure.
As a generalization of the linear Poisson bracket on the dual space of a Lie algebra, we introduce certain non-linear Poisson brackets which are ``cocycle perturbations'' of the linear Poisson bracket. We show that these special Poisson brackets are equivalent to Poisson brackets of central extension type, which resemble the central extensions of an ordinary Lie bracket via Lie algebra cocycles. We are able to formulate (strict) deformation quantizations of these Poisson brackets by means of twisted group C*-algebras. We also indicate that these deformation quantizations can be used to constru…
The aim of the note is to provide an introduction to the algebraic, geometric and quantum field theoretic ideas that lie behind the Kontsevich-Cattaneo-Felder formula for the quantization of Poisson structures. We show how the quantization formula itself naturally arises when one imposes the following two requirements to a Feynman integral: on the one side it has to reproduce the given Poisson structure as the first order term of its perturbative expansion; on the other side its three-point functions should describe an associative algebra. It is further shown how the Magri-Koszul brackets on 1…
The quantization problem for the trace-bracket algebra, derived from double Poisson brackets, is discussed. We obtain a generalization of the boundary YBE (or so-called ABCD-algebra) for the quantization of quadratic trace-brackets. A dynamical deformation is proposed on the lines of Gervais-Neveu-Felder dynamical quantum algebras.
This paper is a continuation of [KS]. We develop the results of [KS] principally in two directions. First, we generalize the main result of [KS], the connection between the solutions of the classical dynamical Yang-Baxter equation and Poisson homogeneous spaces of Poisson Lie groups. We hope that now we present this result in its natural generality. Secondly, we propose a partial quantization of the results of [KS]. [KS] E. Karolinsky and A. Stolin, Classical dynamical r-matrices, Poisson homogeneous spaces, and Lagrangian subalgebras, Lett. Math. Phys., 60 (2002), p.257-274; e-print math.QA/0…
It is known that symmetric orbits in ${\bf g}^*$ for any simple Lie algebra ${\bf g}$ are equiped with a Poisson pencil generated by the Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau bracket and the reduced Sklyanin bracket associated to the "canonical" R-matrix. We realize quantization of this Poisson pencil on $\cp$ type orbits (i.e. orbits in $sl(n+1)^*$ whose real compact form is $ CP^n$) by means of q-deformed Verma modules.
We define a (co-)Poisson (co)algebra of curves on a bordered surface. A bordered surface is a surface whose boundary have marked points. Curves on the bordered surface are oriented loops and oriented arcs whose endpoints in the set of marked points. We define a (co-)Poisson (co)bracket on the symmetric algebra of a quotient of the vector space spanned by the regular homotopy classes of curves on the bordered surface by generalizing the Goldman bracket and the Turaev cobracket. Moreover, we define a Poisson algebra of unoriented curves on a bordered surface and show that a quantization of the P…
This paper discusses the notion of a deformation quantization for an arbitrary polynomial Poisson algebra A. We examine the Hochschild cohomology group H^3(A) and find that if a deformation of A exists it can be given by bidifferential operators. We then compute an explicit third order deformation quantization of A and show that it comes from a quantized enveloping algebra. We show that the deformation extends to a fourth order deformation if and only if the quantized enveloping algebra gives a fourth order deformation; moreover we give an example where the deformation does not extend. A corre…
Let $ G^τ$ be a connected simply connected semisimple algebraic group, endowed with generalized Sklyanin-Drinfeld structure of Poisson group; let $ H^τ$ be its dual Poisson group. By means of Drinfeld's double construction and dualization via formal Hopf algebras, we construct new quantum groups $ U_{q,ϕ}^M ({\frak h}) $ --- dual of $ U_{q,ϕ}^{M'} ({\frak g}) $ --- which yield infinitesimal quantization of $ H^τ$ and $ G^τ$; we study their specializations at roots of 1 (in particular, their classical limits), thus discovering new quantum Frobenius morphisms. The whole description dualize for $…
We show that the external algebra $\cal M$ on $GL(N)$ can be equipped with the graded Poisson brackets compatible with the group action. We prove that there are only two graded Poisson-Lie structures (brackets) on $\cal M$ and we obtain their explicit description. We realize that just these two structures appear as the quasiclassical limit of the bicovariant differential calculi on the quantum linear group $GL_q (N)$.
Let $G$ be a complex reductive connected algebraic group equipped with the Sklyanin bracket. A classification of Poisson homogeneous $G$-spaces with connected isotropy subgroups is given. This result is based on Drinfeld's correspondence between Poisson homogeneous $G$-spaces and Lagrangian subalgebras in the double $D(g)$ (here $g = Lie G$). A geometric interpretation of some of Poisson homogeneous $G$-spaces is also proposed.
Let $ G^τ$ be a connected simply connected semisimple algebraic group, endowed with generalized Sklyanin-Drinfel'd structure of Poisson group, let $ H^τ$ be its dual Poisson group. By means of quantum double construction and dualization via formal Hopf algebras, we construct new quantum groups $ U_{q,φ}^M(\frak{h}) $ --- dual of $ U_{q,φ}^{M'}(\frak{g}) $ --- which yield infinitesimal quantization of $ H^τ$ and $ G^τ\, $, we study their specializations at roots of 1 (in particular, their classical limits), thus discovering new quantum Frobenius morphisms. The whole description dualize for $ H^…
This is a review aimed at a physics audience on the relation between Poisson sigma models on surfaces with boundary and deformation quantization. These models are topological open string theories. In the classical Hamiltonian approach, we describe the reduced phase space and its structures (symplectic groupoid), explaining in particular the classical origin of the non-commutativity of the string end-point coordinates. We also review the perturbative Lagrangian approach and its connection with Kontsevich's star product. Finally we comment on the relation between the two approaches.
In this paper, we first recall the notion of (noncommutative) Poisson conformal algebras and describe some constructions of them. Then we study the formal distribution (noncommutative) Poisson algebras and coefficient (noncommutative) Poisson algebras. Next, we introduce the notion of conformal formal deformations of commutative associative conformal algebras and show that Poisson conformal algebras are the corresponding semi-classical limits. At last, we develop the cohomology theory of noncommutative Poisson conformal algebras and use this cohomology to study their deformations.
All possible graded Poisson-Lie structures on the external algebra of $SL(2)$ are described. We prove that differential Poisson-Lie structures prolonging the Sklyanin brackets do not exist on $SL(2)$. There are two and only two graded Poisson-Lie structures on $SL (2)$ and neither of them can be obtained by a reduction of graded Poisson-Lie structures on the external algebra of $GL(2)$. Both of them can be quantized and as a result we get a new graded algebra of quantum right-invariant forms on $SL_q(2)$ with three generators.
Quantum planes and a new quantum cylinder are obtained as quantization of Poisson homogeneous spaces of two different Poisson structures on classical Euclidean group E(2).
This paper is about the role of Planck's constant, $\hbar$, in the geometric quantization of Poisson manifolds using symplectic groupoids. In order to construct a strict deformation quantization of a given Poisson manifold, one can use all possible rescalings of the Poisson structure, which can be combined into a single "Heisenberg-Poisson" manifold. The new coordinate on this manifold is identified with $\hbar$. I present an explicit construction for a symplectic groupoid integrating a Heisenberg-Poisson manifold and discuss its geometric quantization. I show that in cases where $\hbar$ canno…
This note is an overview of the Poisson sigma model (PSM) and its applications in deformation quantization. Reduction of coisotropic and pre-Poisson submanifolds, their appearance as branes of the PSM, quantization in terms of L-infinity and A-infinity algebras, and bimodule structures are recalled. As an application, an "almost" functorial quantization of Poisson maps is presented if no anomalies occur. This leads in principle to a novel approach for the quantization of Poisson-Lie groups.
Motivated by the phenomenon that compatible Poisson structures on a cluster algebra play a key role on its quantization (that is, quantum cluster algebra), we introduce the second quantization of a quantum cluster algebra, which means the correspondence between compatible Poisson structures of the quantum cluster algebra and its secondly quantized cluster algebras. Based on this observation, we find that a quantum cluster algebra possesses dual quantum cluster algebras such that their second quantization is essentially the same. As an example, we give the secondly quantized cluster algebra $A_…
