Among other results, a compact almost Kähler manifold is proved to be Kähler if the Ricci tensor is semi-negative and its length coincides with that of the star Ricci tensor or if the Ricci tensor is semi-positive and its first order covariant derivatives are Hermitian. Moreover, it is shown that there are no compact almost Kähler manifolds with harmonic Weyl tensor and non-parallel semi-positive Ricci tensor. Stronger results are obtained in dimension 4.
Let $M^n$ be a compact K$\ddot{a}$hler manifold with almost nonnegative Ricci curvature and nonzero first Betti number. We show that the holomorphic Euler number of $M^n$ vanishes, which gives a new obstruction for compact complex manifolds admitting K$\ddot{a}$hler metrics with almost nonnegative Ricci curvature. A crucial step in the proof is to show a vanishing theorem of Dolbeault-Morse-Novikov cohomology.
In this note we prove the following result: There is a positive constant $ε(n,Λ)$ such that if $M^n$ is a simply connected compact K$\ddot{a}$hler manifold with sectional curvature bounded from above by $Λ$, diameter bounded from above by 1, and with holomorphic bisectional curvature $H \geq -ε(n,Λ)$, then $M^n$ is diffeomorphic to the product $M_1\times ... \times M_k$, where each $M_i$ is either a complex projective space or an irreducible K$\ddot{a}$hler-Hermitian symmetric space of rank $\geq 2$. This resolves a conjecture of F. Fang under the additional upper bound restrictions on section…
In this paper, we show that any compact K$ä$hler manifold homotopic to a compact Riemannian manifold with negative sectional curvature admits a K$ä$hler-Einstein metric of general type. Moreover, we prove that, on a compact symplectic manifold $X$ homotopic to a compact Riemannian manifold with negative sectional curvature, for any almost complex structure $J$ compatible with the symplectic form, there is no non-constant $J$-holomorphic entire curve $f:C \rightarrow X$.
We study the classification of special almost hermitian manifolds in Gray and Hervella's type classes. We prove that the exterior derivatives of the symplectic form and the complex volume form contain all the information about the intrinsic torsion of the $\SUn(n)$-structure. Furthermore, we apply the obtained results to almost hyperhermitian geometry. Thus, we show that the exterior derivatives of the three K{ä}hler forms of an almost hyperhermitian manifold are sufficient to determine the three covariant derivatives of such forms, i.e., the three mentioned exterior derivatives determine the …
We classify, up to a local isometry, all non-Kahler almost Kahler 4-manifolds for which the fundamental 2-form is an eigenform of the Weyl tensor, and whose Ricci tensor is invariant with respect to the almost complex structure. Equivalently, such almost Kahler 4-manifolds satisfy the third curvature condition of A. Gray. We use our local classification to show that, in the compact case, the third curvature condition of Gray is equivalent to the integrability of the corresponding almost complex structure.
We show a higher order integrability theorem for distributions generated by a family of vector fields under a horizontal regularity assumption on their coefficients. We use as chart a class of almost exponential maps which we discuss in details
This note is concerned in so called harmonic complex structures introduced by the author previously. I will recall some previous results and emphasize the motivation: Provide an attempt to a fundamental problem in geometry--determining the complex structures on an almost complex manifold. I also discuss the almost-Hermitian case of harmonic complex structures and the connections with balanced structures.
We survey some recent results and constructions of almost-Kähler manifolds whose curvature tensors have certain algebraic symmetries. This is an updated and corrected version of the (to be) published manuscript.
The various scalar curvatures on an almost Hermitian manifold are studied, in particular with respect to conformal variations. We show several integrability theorems, which state that two of these can only agree in the Kähler case. Our main question is the existence of almost Kähler metrics with conformally constant Chern scalar curvature. This problem is completely solved for ruled manifolds and in a complementary case where methods from the Chern-Yamabe problem are adapted to the non-integrable case. Also a moment map interpretation of the problem is given, leading to a Futaki invariant and …
We provide a general criteria for the integrability of the almost para-quaternionic structure of an almost para-quaternionic manifold (M,P) of dimension bigger or equal to eight, in terms of the integrability of two or three sections of the defining rank three vector bundle P. We relate it with the integrability of the canonical almost complex structure of the twistor space and to the integrability of the canonical almost para-complex structure of the reflector space of (M,P). We show that (M, P) has plenty of locally defined, compatible, complex and para-complex structures, provided that P is…
Aguilar introduced isotropic almost complex structures $J_{δ, σ}$ on the tangent bundle of a Riemannian manifold $(M, g)$. In this paper, some results will be obtained on the integrability of these structures. These structures with the Liouville 1-form define a class of Riemannian metrics $g_{δ, σ}$ on $T M$ which are a generalization of the Sasaki metric. Moreover, the notion of a harmonic unit vector field is introduced with respect to these metrics like as the Sasaki metric and the necessary and sufficient conditions for a unit vector field to be a harmonic unit vector field are obtained.
We present a characterization, in terms of torsion-free generalized connections, for the integrability of various generalized structures (generalized almost complex structures, generalized almost hypercomplex structures, generalized almost Hermitian structures and generalized almost hyper-Hermitian structures) defined on Courant algebroids. We develop a new, self-contained, approach for the theory of Dirac generating operators on regular Courant algebroids with scalar product of neutral signature. As an application we provide a criterion for the integrability of generalized almost Hermitian st…
The classical theory of $G$-structures, which include almost-complex structures, explains the relationship between the curvature of compatible connections and integrability. This note is an effort to understand how the curvature of Riemannian metrics can obstruct the integrability of almost-complex structures. It is shown that certain special complex structures cannot coexist with non-flat constant curvature metrics, and a formal variational realization of these structures is provided. The approach followed here is direct, meaning that it bypasses the classical theory. The idea is to find obst…
If $W_+$ denotes the self dual part of the Weyl tensor of any Kähler 4-manifold and $S$ its scalar curvature, then the relation $|W_+|^2 = S^2/6$ is well-known. For any almost Kähler 4-manifold with $S \ge 0$, this condition forces the Kähler property. A compact almost Kähler 4-manifold is already Kähler if it satisfies the conditions $| W_+ |^2 = S^2/6$ and $δW_+=0$ and also if it is Einstein and $| W_+|$ is constant. Some further results of this type are proved. An almost Hermitian 4-manifold $(M,g,J)$ with $\mathrm{supp} (W_+)=M$ is already Kähler if it satisfies the condition $| W_+ |^2 = …
We prove that the classical integrability condition for almost complex structures on finite-dimensional smooth manifolds also works in infinite dimensions in the case of almost complex structures that are real analytic on real analytic Banach manifolds. As an application, we extend some known results concerning existence of invariant complex structures on homogeneous spaces of Banach-Lie groups.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition on the 1-jet of a field of nilpotent endomorphisms to be integrable. Together with the well known corresponding condition for an almost complex structure, the nullity of its Nijenhuis tensor, this gives an integrability condition for any field of endomorphisms.
This note is about the interplay between the almost-hermitian and Riemannian geometries of a manifold. These geometries can be seen to interact through curvature. The main result is an obstruction equation to the integrability of almost-complex structures orthogonal with respect to Riemannian metrics with constrained sectional curvature. Several geometric consequences ensue, such as a formula for the norm of the Levi-Civita covariant derivative of a hypothetical orthogonal complex structure. Our results lead to a partial recovery of the well-known fact that the round $6$-sphere $S^6$ is not he…
An almost Golden Riemannian structure $(φ,g)$ on a manifold is given by a tensor field $φ$ of type (1,1) satisfying the Golden section relation $φ^{2}=φ+1$, and a pure Riemannian metric $g$, i.e., a metric satisfying $g(φX,Y)=g(X,φY)$. We study connections adapted to such a structure, finding two of them, the first canonical and the well adapted, which measure the integrability of $φ$ and the integrability of the $G$-structure corresponding to $(φ,g)$.
We extend the Newlander-Nirenberg theorem to manifolds with almost complex structures that have somewhat less than Lipschitz regularity. We also discuss the regularity of local holomorphic coordinates in the integrable case, with particular attention to Lipschitz almost complex structures.
We establish a new criterion for a compatible almost complex structure on a symplectic four-manifold to be integrable and hence Kähler. Our main theorem shows that the existence of three linearly independent closed J-anti-invariant two-forms implies the integrability of the almost complex structure. This proves the conjecture of Draghici-Li-Zhang in the almost-Kähler case
The natural bundle $π:E\to M$ of almost-complex structures is considered. The action of the pseudogroup of all diffeomorphisms of $M$ on the total space $E$ is investigated. A nontrivial 1-st order differential invariant of this action is constructed. It is proved that the Nijenhuise tensor of an almost-complex structures is equal to zero iff the constructed invariant for this structure is zero.
We study the question of integrability of a compatible almost complex structure on a compact symplectic 4-manifold, under various natural assumptions on the curvature of the associated almost Kahler metric.
We study $GL(2)$-structures on differential manifolds. The structures play a fundamental role in the geometric theory of ordinary differential equations. We prove that any $GL(2)$-structure on an even dimensional manifold give rise to a certain almost-complex structure on a bundle over the original manifold. Further, we exploit a natural notion of integrability for the $GL(2)$-structures, which is a counterpart of the self-duality for the 4-dimensional conformal structures. We relate the integrability of the $GL(2)$-structures to the integrability of the almost-complex structures. This allows …
We discuss the integrability of orthogonal almost complex structures on Riemannian products of even-dimensional round spheres and give a partial answer to the question raised by E. Calabi concerning the existence of complex structures on a product manifold of a round 2-sphere and a round 4-sphere.
We consider manifolds equipped with a foliation $\cal F$ of codimension $4q$, and an almost quaternionic structure $Q$ on the transversal bundle of ${\cal F}$. After discussing conditions of projectability and integrability of $Q$, we study the transversal twistor space $Z{\cal F}$ which, by definition, consists of the $Q$-compatible almost complex structures. We show that $Z{\cal F}$ can be endowed with a lifted foliation ${\hat {\cal F}}$ and two natural almost complex structures $J_1$, $J_2$ on the transversal bundle of $\hat{\cal F}$. We establish the conditions which ensure the projectabi…
In the present paper, we introduce screen almost semi-invariant (SASI) lightlike submanifolds of indefinite Keahler manifolds. We obtain the neccesary and sufficient condition for the induced connection to be a metric connection on SASI-lightlike submanifolds and construct an example for this manifold. Also we find some conditions for integrability of distributions and investigate certain characterizations.
We characterise the integrability of any co-CR quaternionic structure in terms of the curvature and a generalized torsion of the connection. Also, we apply this result to obtain, for example, the following. (1) New co-CR quaternionic structures built on vector bundles over a quaternionic manifold M, whose twistor spaces are holomorphic vector bundles over the twistor space Z of M. Moreover, all the holomorphic vector bundles over Z, which are positive and isotypic when restricted to the twistor lines, are obtained this way. (2) Under generic dimensional conditions, any manifold endowed with an…
In this paper we develope, in a geometric framework, a Hamilton-Jacobi Theory for general dynamical systems. Such a theory contains the classical theory for Hamiltonian systems on a cotangent bundle and recent developments in the framework of general symplectic, Poisson and almost-Poisson manifolds (including some approaches to a Hamilton-Jacobi theory for nonholonomic systems). Given a dynamical system, we show that every complete solution of its related Hamilton-Jacobi Equation (HJE) gives rise to a set of first integrals, and vice versa. From that, and in the context of symplectic and Poiss…
We introduce the notions of h-conformal slant submersions and almost h-conformal slant submersions from almost quaternionic Hermitian manifolds onto Riemannian manifolds as a generalization of Riemannian submersions, horizontally conformal submersions, slant submersions, h-slant submersions, almost h-slant submersion and conformal slant submersions. We investigate several properties of these including the integrability of distributions, the geometry of foliations and the conditions for such maps to be totally geodesic. Further we give some examples of such maps.
In this paper we show that space of spatial polygons in semi riemann space gives a Kahler manifold. We describe the tangent space and almost complex structure which has many computational advantages.
In this paper, we systematically compute the Bianchi identities for the canonical connection on an almost Hermitian manifold. Moreover, we also compute the curvature tensor of the Levi-Civita connection on almost Hermitian manifolds in terms of curvature and torsion of the canonical connection. As applications of the curvature identities, we obtain some results about the integrability of quasi Kaehler manifolds and some properties of nearly Kaehler manifolds.
As a generalization of slant Riemannian maps (Sahin), semi-slant Riemannian maps (Park), almost h-slant submersions (Park 2012), and almost h-semi-slant submersions (Park 2011), we introduce the notion of almost h-semi-slant Riemannian maps from almost quaternionic Hermitian manifolds to Riemannian manifolds. We investigate the integrability of distributions, the harmonicity of such maps, the geometry of fibers, etc. We also deal with the condition for such maps to be totally geodesic and study some decomposition theorems. Moreover, we give some examples.
As a generalization of anti-invariant Riemannian submersions and Lagrangian Riemannian submersions, we introduce the notions of h-anti-invariant submersions and h-Lagrangian submersions from almost quaternionic Hermitian manifolds onto Riemannian manifolds. We obtain characterizations and investigate some properties: the integrability of distributions, the geometry of foliations, and the harmonicity of such maps. We also find a condition for such maps to be totally geodesic and give some examples of such maps. Finally, we obtain some types of decomposition theorems.
In this paper we define and study the slant and semi-slant submanifolds of a Lorentzian almost paracontact manifold. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for a submanifold of a Lorentzian almost paracontact manifold to be slant are obtained. We give some examples for the slant and semi-slant submanifolds of a Lorentzian almost paracontact manifold. We also investigate the integrability conditions for the distributions involved in the definition of a semi-slant submanifold when the ambient manifold is a Lorentzian paracosymplectic and a Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold, respectively.
We characterize quasi Kähler manifolds whose curvature tensor associated to the canonical Hermitian connection satisfies the first Bianchi identity. This condition is related with the third Gray identity and in the almost Kähler case implies the integrability. Our main tool is the existence of generalized holomorphic frames introduced by the second author previously. By using such frames we also give a simpler and shorter proof of a Theorem of Goldberg. Furthermore we study almost Hermitian structures having the curvature tensor associated to the canonical Hermitian connection equal to zero. W…
In this paper, we define almost paracontact and normal almost paracontact Finsler structures on a vector bundle and find some conditions for integrability of these structures. We define paracontact metric, para- Sasakian and K-paracontact Finsler structures and study some properties of these structures. For a K-paracontact Finsler structure, we find the vertical and horizontal flag curvatures. Then, we define vertical ?-flag curvature and prove that every locally symmetric para-Sasakian Finsler structure has negative vertical ?-flag curvature. Finally, we define the horizontal and vertical Ric…
Akyol, M. A and Şahin, B. [Conformal semi-invariant submersions, Commun. Contemp. Math. 19, 1650011 (2017).] introduced the notion of conformal semi-invariant submersions from almost Hermitian manifolds. The present paper deal with the study of conformal generic submersions from almost Hermitian manifolds which extends semi-invariant submersions, generic Riemannian submersions and conformal semi-invariant submersions a natural way. We mention some examples of such maps and obtain characterizations and investigate some properties, including the integrability of distributions, the geometry of fo…
We consider principal fibre bundles with a given connection and construct almost complex structures on the total space if the adjoint bundle is isomorphic to the tangent bundle of the base. We derive the integrability condition. If the structure group is compact, then a choice of an ad-invariant inner product on its Lie algebra gives naturally the structure of a Riemannian manifold to the base. The integrability condition is then expressed in geometric terms. In particular we get a relation to hyperbolic geometry if the structure group is SU(2) or SO(3). The bundle of orthonormal frames of a h…
We apply the general theory of codimension one integrability conditions for $G$-structures developed in arXiv:1306.6817v3 [math.DG] to the case of quaternionic CR geometry. We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for an almost CR quaternionic manifold to admit local immersions as an hypersurface of the quaternionic projective space. We construct a deformation of the standard quaternionic contact structure on the quaternionic Heisenberg group which does not admit local immersions in any quaternionic manifold.
We show how certain topological properties of co-K{ä}hler manifolds derive from those of the Kähler manifolds which construct them. We go beyond Betti number results and describe the cohomology algebra structure of co-Kähler manifolds. As a consequence, we prove that co-Kähler manifolds satisfy the Toral Rank Conjecture: $\dim(H^*(M;\mathbb{Q})) \geq 2^r$, for any $r$-torus $T^r$ which acts almost freely on $M$.
To give an almost quaternionic structure on a 4n-manifold $M$ is equivalent to give its bundle of twistors $Z(Q)\longrightarrow M$. When $Q$ is invariant under a torsion free connection, $Z(Q) $ can be provided with an almost complex structure $ \mathbb J $. In the case $ n = 1 $ Atiyah, Hitchin and Singer have related the integrability of $ \mathbb J $ to the geometry of $ (M, Q) $. For $ n> 1 $ Salamon showed that the almost complex structure $ \mathbb J $ on $ Z (Q) $ is always integrable. The purpose of this article is to extend these results to the generalized complex geometry. We begin b…
We classify invariant almost complex structures on homogeneous manifolds of dimension 6 with semi-simple isotropy. Those with non-degenerate Nijenhuis tensor have the automorphism group of dimension either 14 or 9. An invariant almost complex structure with semi-simple isotropy is necessarily either of specified 6 homogeneous types or a left-invariant structure on a Lie group. For integrable invariant almost complex structures we classify all compatible invariant Hermitian structures on these homogeneous manifolds, indicate their integrability properties (Kahler, SNK, SKT) and mark the other i…
We develop various properties of symmetric generalized complex structures (in connection with their holomorphic space and B-field transformations), which are analogous to the well-known results of Gualtieri on skew-symmetric generalized complex structures. Given a symmetric or skew-symmetric generalized complex structure \mathcal J and a connection D on a manifold M, we construct an almost complex structure J^{\mathcal J,D} on the cotangent manifold T^{*}M and we study its integrability. For \mathcal J skew-symmetric, we relate the Courant integrability of \mathcal J with the integrability of …
We introduce a generalization of structured manifolds as the most general Riemannian metric g associated to an affinor (tensor field of (1,1)-type) F and initiate a study of their semi-invariant submanifolds. These submanifolds are generalization of CR-submanifolds of almost complex geometry and semi-invariant submanifolds of several interesting geometries (almost product, almost contact and others). We characterize the integrability of both invariant and anti-invariant distribution; the special case when F is covariant constant with respect to g gives major simplifications in computations.
Motivated by generalized geometry (à la Hitchin), we discuss the integrability conditions for four natural almost complex structures on the product bundle ${\mathcal Z}\times {\mathcal Z}\to M$, where ${\mathcal Z}$ is the twistor space of a Riemannian 4-manifold $M$ endowed with a metric connection $D$ with skew-symmetric torsion. These structures are defined by means of the connection $D$ and four (Kähler) complex structures on the fibres of this bundle. Their integrability conditions are interpreted in terms of Weyl geometry and this is used to supply examples satisfying the conditions.
We investigate the integrability of natural almost complex structures on the twistor space of an almost para-quaternionic manifold as well as the integrability of natural almost paracomplex structures on the reflector space of an almost para-quaternionic manifold constructed with the help of a para-quaternionic connection. We show that if there is an integrable structure it is independent on the para-quaternionic connection. In dimension four, we express the anti-self-duality condition in terms of the Riemannian Ricci forms with respect to the associated para-quaternionic structure.
The notions of a twistor space of a contact manifold and a contact connection on such a manifold have been introduced by L. Vezzoni as extensions of the corresponding notions in the case of a symplectic manifold. Given a contact connection on a contact manifold one can define an almost $CR$-structure on its twistor space and Vezzoni has found the integrability condition for this structure. In the present paper it is observed that the $CR$-structure is induced by an almost contact metric structure. The main goal of the paper is to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for normality of this…
In this paper, we show that there is a close relationship between generalized subtangent manifolds and Lie groupoids. We obtain equivalent assertions among the integrability conditions of generalized almost subtangent manifolds, the condition of compatibility of source and target maps of symplectic groupoids with symplectic form and generalized subtangent maps.
We study the geometry of universal embedding spaces for compact almost complex manifolds of a given dimension. These spaces are complex algebraic analogues of twistor spaces that were introduced by J-P. Demailly and H. Gaussier. Their original goal was the study of a conjecture made by F. Bogomolov, asserting the "transverse embeddability" of arbitrary compact complex manifolds into foliated algebraic varieties. In this work, we introduce a more general category of universal embedding spaces, and elucidate the geometric structure of the integrability locus characterizing integrable almost comp…
We study the conditions under which an almost Hermitian structure $(G,J)$ of general natural lift type on the cotangent bundle $T^*M$ of a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ is K\" ahlerian. First, we obtain the algebraic conditions under which the manifold $(T^*M,G,J)$ is almost Hermitian. Next we get the integrability conditions for the almost complex structure $J$, then the conditions under which the associated 2-form is closed. The manifold $(T^*M,G,J)$ is K\" ahlerian iff it is almost Kahlerian and the almost complex structure $J$ is integrable. It follows that the family of Kahlerian structures…
We study compact almost complex manifolds admitting a Hermitian metric satisfying an integral condition involving $\overline \partial$-harmonic $(0,1)$-forms. We prove that this integral condition is automatically satisfied, if the Hermitian metric on the compact almost complex manifold is strongly Gauduchon. Under the further assumption that the almost complex structure is integrable, we show that the integral condition for a Gauduchon metric is equivalent to be strongly Gauduchon. In particular, a compact complex surface with a Gauduchon metric satisfying the integral condition is automatica…
We introduce the notions of pointwise almost h-slant submanifolds and pointwise almost h-semi-slant submanifolds as a generalization of slant submanifolds, pointwise slant submanifolds, semi-slant submanifolds, and pointwise semi-slant submanifolds. We have characterizations and investigate the integrability of distributions, the conditions for such distributions to be totally geodesic foliations, the mean curvature vector fields on totally umbilic submanifolds, the properties of h-slant functions and h-semi-slant functions, the properties of non-trivial warped product proper pointwise h-semi-…
We find a necessary condition for the existence of an action of a Lie group $G$ by quaternionic automorphisms on an integrable quaternionic manifold in terms of representations of $\mathfrak{g}$. We check this condition and prove that a Riemannian symmetric space of dimension $4n$ for $n\geq 2$ has an invariant integrable almost quaternionic structure if and only if it is quaternionic vector space, quaternionic hyperbolic space or quaternionic projective space.
