We study a particular class of open manifolds. In the category of Riemannian manifolds these are complete manifolds with cylindrical ends. We give a natural setting for the conformal geometry on such manifolds including an appropriate notion of the cylindrical Yamabe constant/invariant. This leads to a corresponding version of the Yamabe problem on cylindrical manifolds. We affirmatively solve this Yamabe problem: we prove the existence of minimizing metrics and analyze their singularities near infinity. These singularities turn out to be of very particular type: either almost conical or almost cusp singularities. We describe the supremum case, i.e. when the cylindrical Yamabe constant is equal to the Yamabe invariant of the sphere. We prove that in this case such a cylindrical manifold coincides conformally with the standard sphere punctured at a finite number of points. In the course of studying the supremum case, we establish a Positive Mass Theorem for specific asymptotically flat manifolds with two almost conical singularities. As a by-product, we revisit known results on surgery and the Yamabe invariant. Key words: manifolds with cylindrical ends, Yamabe constant/invariant, Yamabe problem, conical metric singularities, cusp metric singularities, Positive Mass Theorem, surgery and Yamabe invariant.
We study the Yamabe invariants of cylindrical manifolds and compact orbifolds with a finite number of singularities, by means of conformal geometry and the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer $L^2$-index theory. For an $n$-orbifold $M$ with singularities $Σ_Γ = \{(\check{p}_1, Γ_1), ..., (\check{p}_s, Γ_s)\}$ (where each group $Γ_j<O(n)$ is of finite order), we define and study the \emph{orbifold Yamabe invariant} $Y^{\orb}(M)$. We prove that $Y^{\orb}(M)$ coincides with the corresponding $h$-$\emph{cylindrical Yamabe invariant}$ $Y^{h\textrm{-}\cyl}(M \setminus \{\check{p}_1, ..., \check{p}_s\})$ defined by…
In this paper, we investigate the behavior of ADM mass and Einstein-Hilbert functional under the Yamabe flow. Through studying the Yamabe flow by weighted spaces, we show that ADM mass and Einstein-Hilbert functional are well-defined and monotone non-increasing under the Yamabe flow on $n$-dimensional, $n\geq 3$, asymptotically flat manifolds. In the case of dimension $n=3$ or 4, we obtain that the ADM mass is invariant under the Yamabe flow and the Yamabe flow is the gradient flow of Einstein-Hilbert functional on asymptotically flat manifolds
We study the Yamabe flow on asymptotically flat manifolds with non-positive Yamabe constant $Y\leq 0$. Previous work by the second and third named authors \cite{ChenWang} showed that while the Yamabe flow always converges in a global weighted sense when $Y>0$, the flow must diverge when $Y\leq 0$. We show here in the $Y\leq 0$ case however that after suitable rescalings, the Yamabe flow starting from any asymptotically flat manifold must converge to the unique positive function which solves the Yamabe problem on a compactification of the original manifold.
We define a relative Yamabe invariant of a smooth manifold with given conformal class on its boundary. In the case of empty boundary the invariant coincides with the classic Yamabe invariant. We develop approximation technique which leads to gluing theorems of two manifolds along their boundaries for the relative Yamabe invariant. We show that there are many examples of manifolds with both positive and non-positive relative Yamabe invariants.
On a smooth closed Riemannian manifold, we show short time existence of smooth solutions to the $(α,β)$-Ricci-Yamabe flow, which is a natural generalization of the Ricci flow and the Yamabe flow. We also establish some long time existence theorems for the closed $(α,β)$-Ricci-Yamabe flow by estimating its curvatures.
This work addresses the {\em singularity formation} of complete non-compact solutions to the conformally flat Yamabe flow whose conformal factors have {\em cylindrical behavior at infinity}. Their singularity profiles happen to be {\em Yamabe solitons}, which are {\em self-similar solutions} to the fast diffusion equation satisfied by the conformal factor of the evolving metric. The self-similar profile is determined by the second order asymptotics at infinity of the initial data which is matched with that of the corresponding self-similar solution. Solutions may become extinct at the extincti…
This paper concerns a fully nonlinear version of the Yamabe problem on manifolds with boundary. We establish some existence results and estimates of solutions.
For a compact manifold $M$ of $\dim M =n\geq 4$, we study two conformal invariants of a conformal class $C$ on $M$. These are the Yamabe constant $Y_C(M)$ and the $L^{\frac{n}{2}}$-norm $W_C(M)$ of the Weyl curvature. We prove that for any manifold $M$ there exists a conformal class $C$ such that the Yamabe constant $Y_C(M)$ is arbitrarily close to the Yamabe invariant $Y(M)$, and, at the same time, the constant $W_C(M)$ is arbitrarily large. We study the image of the map $\YW: C\mapsto (Y_C(M),W_C(M))\in \R^2$ near the line $\{(Y(M),w) | w\in \R\}$. We also apply our results to certain classe…
In this paper we establish existence and compactness of solutions to a general fully nonlinear version of the Yamabe problem on locally conformally flat Riemannian manifolds with umbilic boundary.
We build blowing-up solutions for linear perturbation of the Yamabe problem on manifolds with umbilic boundary, provided the Weyl tensor is nonzero everywhere on the boundary and the dimension of the manifold is n>10.
We build blowing-up solutions for linear perturbation of the Yamabe problem on manifolds with boundary, provided the dimension of the manifold is n>6 and the trace-free part of the second fundamental form is non-zero everywhere on the boundary.
We build blowing-up solutions for a supercritical perturbation of the Yamabe problem on manifolds with umbilic boundary provided the dimension of the manifold is n>7 and that the Weyl tensor W(x) is not vanishing on the boundary of M.
A complete solution to the quaternionic contact Yamabe equation on the qc sphere of dimension $4n+3$ as well as on the quaternionic Heisenberg group is given. A uniqueness theorem for the qc Yamabe problem in a compact locally 3-Sasakian manifold is shown.
In this paper, we consider the Yamabe equation on a complete noncompact Riemannian manifold and find some geometric conditions on the manifold such that the Yamabe problem admits a bounded positive solution.
Let (V,g) and (W,h) be compact Riemannian manifolds of dimension at least 3. We derive a lower bound for the conformal Yamabe constant of the product manifold (V x W, g+h) in terms of the conformal Yamabe constants of (V,g) and (W,h).
We build blowing-up solutions for a supercritical perturbation of the Yamabe problem on manifolds with boundary, provided the dimension of the manifold is n>6 and the trace-free part of the second fundamental form is non-zero everywhere on the boundary.
The Yamabe invariant is an invariant of a closed smooth manifold defined using conformal geometry and the scalar curvature. Recently, Petean showed that the Yamabe invariant is non-negative for all closed simply connected manifolds of dimension $\ge 5$. We extend this to show that Yamabe invariant is non-negative for all closed manifolds of dimension $\ge 5$ with fundamental group of odd order having all Sylow subgroups abelian. The main new geometric input is a way of studying the Yamabe invariant on Toda brackets. A similar method of proof shows that all closed manifolds of dimension $\ge 5$…
We prove the existence of a solution of the Yamabe equation on complete manifolds with finite volume and positive Yamabe invariant. In order to circumvent the standard methods on closed manifolds which heavily rely on global (compact) Sobolev embeddings we approximate the solution by eigenfunctions of certain conformal complete metrics. This also gives rise to a new proof of the well-known result for closed manifolds and positive Yamabe invariant.
The object of the present paper is to study some properties of 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold whose metric is η-Yamabe soliton. We have studied here some certain curvature conditions of 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold admitting η-Yamabe soliton. Lastly we construct a 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold satisfying η-Yamabe soliton.
For an asymptotically Poincare-Einstein manifold with a lower Ricci curvature bound, we establish a sharp inequality relating the type II Yamabe invariant of the interior and the Yamabe invariant of its conformal infinity
We compute the Yamabe invariant for a class of symplectic 4-manifolds of general type obtained by taking the rational blowdown of Kahler surfaces. In particular, for any point on the half-Noether line we exhibit a simply connected minimal symplectic manifold for which we compute the Yamabe invariant.
In this work we determine bifurcation instants for 1-parameter families of solutions to the Yamabe problem defined on maximal flag manifolds. We also study the local rigidity points, namely, a isolated solution of the Yamabe problem.
We prove global existence of Yamabe flows on non-compact manifolds $M$ of dimension $m\geq3$ under the assumption that the initial metric $g_0=u_0g_M$ is conformally equivalent to a complete background metric $g_M$ of bounded, non-positive scalar curvature and positive Yamabe invariant with conformal factor $u_0$ bounded from above and below. We do not require initial curvature bounds. In particular, the scalar curvature of $(M,g_0)$ can be unbounded from above and below without growth condition.
Contact Riemannian manifolds, whose complex structures are not necessarily integrable, are generalization of pseudohermitian manifolds in CR geometry. The Tanaka-Webster-Tanno connection plays the role of the Tanaka-Webster connection of a pseudohermitian manifold. Conformal transformations and the Yamabe problem are also defined naturally in this setting. By constructing the special frames and the normal coordinates on a contact Riemannian manifold, we prove that if the complex structure is not integrable, its Yamabe invariant on a contact Riemannian manifold is always less than the Yamabe in…
We generalize Kobayashi's connected-sum inequality to the $λ$-Yamabe invariants. As an application, we calculate the $λ$-Yamabe invariants of $\#m_1\mathbb{RP}^n\# m_2(\mathbb{RP}^{n-1}\times S^1)\#lH^n\#kS_+^n$, for any $λ\in [0,1]$, $n\geq 3$, provided $k+l\geq 1$. As a corollary, we prove that $\mathbb{RP}^n$ minus finitely many disjoint $n$-balls have the same $λ$-Yamabe invariants as the hemi-sphere, which forms an interesting contrast with the famous Bray-Neves results on the Yamabe invariants of $\mathbb{RP}^3$.
We show that the S^1-equivariant Yamabe invariant of the 3-sphere, endowed with the Hopf action, is equal to the (non-equivariant) Yamabe invariant of the 3-sphere. More generally, we establish a topological upper bound for the S^1-equivariant Yamabe invariant of any closed oriented 3-manifold endowed with an S^1-action. Furthermore, we prove a convergence result for the equivariant Yamabe constants of an accumulating sequence of subgroups of a compact Lie group acting on a closed manifold.
The object of the present paper is to study some properties of (LCS)$_n$-manifolds whose metric is Yamabe soliton. We establish some characterization of (LCS)$_n$-manifolds when the soliton becomes steady. Next we have studied some certain curvature conditions of (LCS)$_n$-manifolds admitting Yamabe solitons. Lastly we construct a 3-dimensional (LCS)$_n$-manifold satisfying the results.
The goal of this paper is to study Yamabe flow on a complete Riemannian manifold of bounded geometry with possibly infinite volume. In the case of infinite volume, standard volume normalization of the Yamabe flow fails and the flow may not converge. Instead, we consider a curvature normalized Yamabe flow, and assuming negative scalar curvature, prove its long-time existence and convergence. This extends the results of Suárez-Serrato and Tapie to a non-compact setting. In the appendix, we specify our analysis of a particular example of manifolds with bounded geometry, namely manifolds with fibe…
For a Poincare-Einstein manifold under certain restrictions, X. Chen, M. Lai and F. Wang proved a sharp inequality relating Yamabe invariants. We show that the inequality is true without any restriction.
Suppose $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ are $3$-dimensional closed (compact without boundary) CR manifolds with positive CR Yamabe constant. In this note, we show that the connected sum of $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ also admits a CR structure with positive CR Yamabe constant.
In this paper, we introduce a new combinatorial curvature on two and three dimensional triangulated manifolds, which transforms in the same way as that of the smooth scalar curvature under scaling of the metric and could be used to approximate the Gauss curvature on two dimensional manifolds. Then we use the flow method to study the corresponding constant curvature problem, which is called combinatorial Yamabe problem.
On a compact strictly pseudoconvex CR manifold $(M,þ)$, we consider the CR Yamabe constant of its infinite conformal covering. By using the maximum principles, we then prove a uniqueness theorem for the CR Yamabe flow on a complete noncompact CR manifold. Finally we obtain some properties of the CR Yamabe soliton on complete noncompact CR manifolds.
We study the Yamabe problem on open manifolds of bounded geometry and show that under suitable assumptions there exist Yamabe metrics, i.e. conformal metrics of constant scalar curvature. For that, we use weighted Sobolev embeddings.
We prove that the Yamabe invariant of any simply connected smooth manifold of dimension n greater than four is non-negative. Equivalently that the infimum of the L^{n/2} norm of the scalar curvature, over the space of all Riemannian metrics on the manifold, is zero.
We study the minimality of an isometric immersion of a Riemannian manifold into a strictly pseudoconvex CR manifold endowed with the Webster metric hence formulate a version of the CR Yamabe problem for CR manifolds-with-boundary. This is shown to be a nonlinear subelliptic problem of variational origin.
Let (M,g) be a compact oriented Riemannian manifold with an incomplete edge singularity. This article shows that it is possible to evolve g by the Yamabe flow within a class of singular edge metrics. As the main analytic step we establish parabolic Schauder-type estimates for the heat operator on certain Hölder spaces adapted to the singular edge geometry. We apply these estimates to obtain local existence for a variety of quasilinear equations, including the Yamabe flow. This provides a setup for a subsequent discussion of the Yamabe problem using flow techniques in the singular setting.
We study the Yamabe flow starting from an asymptotically flat manifold $(M^n,g_0)$. We show that the flow converges to an asymptotically flat, scalar flat metric in a weighted global sense if $Y(M,[g_0])>0$, and show that the flow does not converge otherwise. If the scalar curvature is nonnegative and integrable, then the ADM mass at time infinity drops by the limit of the total scalar curvature along the flow.
For a Riemannian manifold with dimension at least six, we prove that the existence of a conformal metric with positive scalar and Q curvature is equivalent to the positivity of both the Yamabe invariant and the Paneitz operator.
We complete the classification (started by Bray and the second author) of all closed 3-manifolds with Yamabe invariant greater than that of $\RP^3$, by showing that such manifolds are either $S^3$ or finite connected sums $# m(S^2 \times S^1) # n(S^2 \tilde{\times} S^1)$ for $m + n \geq 1$, where $S^2 \tilde{\times} S^1$ is the nonorientable $S^2$-bundle over $S^1$. A key ingredient is Aubin's Lemma, which says that if the Yamabe constant is positive, then it is strictly less than the Yamabe constant of any of its non-trivial finite conformal coverings. This lemma, combined with inverse mean c…
Suppose $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ are two closed (compact with no boundary) spherical CR manifolds with positive CR Yamabe constant. In this note, we show that the connected sum of $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ also admits a spherical CR structure with positive CR Yamabe constant.
In this paper,we prove the following Myers-type theorem: if $(M^n,g)$, $n\geq 3$, is an n-dimensional complete locally conformally flat Riemannian manifold with bounded Ricci curvature satisfying the Ricci pinching condition $Rc\geq εRg>0$, where $ε>0$ is an uniform constant, then $M^n$ must be compact.
We consider a closed cohomogeneity one Riemannian manifold $(M^n,g) $ of dimension $n\geq 3$. If the Ricci curvature of $M$ is positive, we prove the existence of infinite nodal solutions for equations of the form $-Δ_g u + λu = λu^q$ with $λ>0$, $q>1$. In particular for a positive Einstein manifold which is of cohomogeneity one or fibers over a cohomogeniety one Einstein manifold we prove the existence of infinite nodal solutions for the Yamabe equation, with a prescribed number of connected components of its nodal domain.
We consider asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds whose metrics have Sobolev-class regularity, and introduce several technical tools for studying PDEs on such manifolds. Our results employ two novel families of function spaces suitable for metrics potentially having a large amount of interior differentiability, but whose Sobolev regularity implies only a Hölder continuous conformal structure at infinity. We establish Fredholm theorems for elliptic operators arising from metrics in these families. To demonstrate the utility of our methods, we solve the Yamabe problem in this category. As a specia…
We make use of $\mathcal{F}$-structures and technology developed by Paternain - Petean to compute minimal entropy, minimal volume, and Yamabe invariant of symplectic 4-manifolds, as well as to study their collapse with sectional curvature bounded from below. À la Gompf, we show that these invariants vanish on symplectic 4-manifolds that realize any given finitely presented group as their fundamental group. We extend to the symplectic realm a result of LeBrun which relates the Kodaira dimension with the Yamabe invariant of compact complex surfaces.
In this research article, we establish the geometrical bearing on Riemannian submersions in terms of $η$-Ricci-Yamabe Soliton with the potential field and giving the classification of any fiber of Riemannian submersion is an $η$-Ricci-Yamabe soliton, $η$-Ricci soliton and $η$-Yamabe soliton. We also discuss the various conditions for which the target manifold of Riemannian submersion is an $η$-Ricci-Yamabe soliton, $η$-Ricci soliton, $η$-Yamabe soliton and quasi-Yamabe soliton. In a particular case when the potential filed $V$ of the $η$-Ricci-Yamabe soliton is of gradient type, we derive a La…
We prove several facts about the Yamabe constant of Riemannian metrics on general noncompact manifolds and about S. Kim's closely related "Yamabe constant at infinity". In particular we show that the Yamabe constant depends continuously on the Riemannian metric with respect to the fine C^2-topology, and that the Yamabe constant at infinity is even locally constant with respect to this topology. We also discuss to which extent the Yamabe constant is continuous with respect to coarser topologies on the space of Riemannian metrics.
In this paper, we study the existence of global Yamabe flow on asymptotically flat (in short, AF or ALE) manifolds. Note that the ADM mass is preserved in dimensions 3,4 and 5. We present a new general local existence of Yamabe flow on a complete Riemannian manifold with the initial metric quasi-isometric to a background metric of bounded scalar curvature. Asymptotic behaviour of the Yamabe flow on ALE manifolds is also addressed provided the initial scalar curvature is non-negative and there is a bounded subsolution to the corresponding Poisson equation. We also present a maximum principle fo…
Given a compact Riemannian manifold with umbilic boundary, the Yamabe boundary problem studies if there exist conformal scalar-flat metrics such that the boundary has constant mean curvature. In this paper we address to the stability of this problem with respect of perturbation of mean curvature of the boundary and scalar curvature of the manifold. In particular we prove that the Yamabe boundary problem is stable under perturbation of the mean curvature and the scalar curvature from below, while it is not stable if one of the two curvatures is perturbed from above.
The purpose of the paper is to study Yamabe solitons on three-dimensional para-Sasakian, paracosymplectic and para-Kenmotsu manifolds. Mainly, we proved that *If the semi-Riemannian metric of a three-dimensional para-Sasakian manifold is a Yamabe soliton, then it is of constant scalar curvature, and the flow vector field V is Killing. In the next step, we proved that either manifold has constant curvature -1 and reduces to an Einstein manifold, or V is an infinitesimal automorphism of the paracontact metric structure on the manifold. *If the semi-Riemannian metric of a three-dimensional paraco…
We prove a necessary and sufficient condition for an asymptotically Euclidean manifold to be conformally related to one with specified nonpositive scalar curvature: the zero set of the desired scalar curvature must have a positive Yamabe invariant, as defined in the article. We show additionally how the sign of the Yamabe invariant of a measurable set can be computed from the sign of certain generalized "weighted" eigenvalues of the conformal Laplacian. Using the prescribed scalar curvature result we give a characterization of the Yamabe classes of asymptotically Euclidean manifolds. We also s…
