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arXiv math-ph/0506072math-phmath.CVmath.MP
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伪解析函数理论在Dirac方程中的新应用

New applications of pseudoanalytic function theory to the Dirac equation

Antonio Castaneda, Vladislav V. Kravchenko

摘要:

在目前的工作中,我们建立了一个简单的狄拉克方程与标量和电磁势在二维情况下,一对解耦的Vekua方程之间的关系。这些Vekua方程一般是双复的。然而,我们表明,整个理论的伪解析函数没有修改,可以适用于这些方程在一定的非限制性条件。作为一个例子,我们制定的相似性原则,这是一个伪解析函数的核心原因,因此旋量场取决于两个空间变量共享许多属性的解析函数。与伪解析函数建立的关系的一个令人惊讶的结果包括以下结果。考虑具有标量势的狄拉克方程,其标量势取决于具有固定能量和质量的一个变量。一般来说,即使寻找单变量的波函数,这个方程也不能显式求解。然而,对于这样的狄拉克方程,我们得到了一个算法简单的程序,以明确的形式构造一个完整的系统的精确解(取决于两个变量)。这些解推广了复分析中z的幂系统,称为形式幂。在它们的帮助下,狄拉克方程的任何正则解都可以用泰勒级数的形式幂来表示。

英文摘要:

In the present work we establish a simple relation between the Dirac equation with a scalar and an electromagnetic potentials in a two-dimensional case and a pair of decoupled Vekua equations. In general these Vekua equations are bicomplex. However we show that the whole theory of pseudoanalytic functions without modifications can be applied to these equations under a certain not restrictive condition. As an example we formulate the similarity principle which is the central reason why a pseudoanalytic function and as a consequence a spinor field depending on two space variables share many of the properties of analytic functions. One of the surprising consequences of the established relation with pseudoanalytic functions consists in the following result. Consider the Dirac equation with a scalar potential depending on one variable with fixed energy and mass. In general this equation cannot be solved explicitly even if one looks for wave functions of one variable. Nevertheless for such Dirac equation we obtain an algorithmically simple procedure for constructing in explicit form a complete system of exact solutions (depending on two variables). These solutions generalize the system of powers of z in complex analysis and are called formal powers. With their aid any regular solution of the Dirac equation can be represented by its Taylor series in formal powers.

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