Let $f$ be a non-CM Hecke eigenform of weight $k \geq 2$. We give a new proof of some cases of Langlands functoriality for the automorphic representation $π$ associated to $f$. More precisely, we prove the existence of the base change lifting, with respect to any totally real extension $F / \mathbb{Q}$, of any symmetric power lifting of $π$.
We prove a modularity lifting theorem for potentially Barostti-Tate representations over totally real fields, generalising recent results of Kisin. Unfortunately, there was an error in the original version of this paper, meaning that we can only obtain a slightly weaker result in the case where the representations are potentially ordinary; an erratum has been added explaining this error.
In this paper, we prove a minimal modularity lifting theorem for Galois representations (conjecturally) associated to Siegel modular forms of genus two which are holomorphic limits of discrete series at infinity.
We prove a non-minimal modularity lifting theorem for ordinary Galois representations over imaginary quadratic fields, conditional on a local-global compatibility conjecture for ordinary torsion classes.
The aim of this paper is to show lifts from pairs of two elliptic modular forms to Siegel modular forms of half-integral weight of even degree under the assumption that the constructed Siegel modular form is not identically zero. The key of the proof is to introduce a certain generalization of the Maass relation for Siegel modular forms of half-integral weight of general degree.
We prove an integral R = T theorem for odd two dimensional p-adic representations of the absolute Galois group which are unramified at p, extending results of [CG] to the non-minimal case. We prove, for any p, the existence of Katz modular forms modulo p of weight one which do not lift to characteristic zero.
The existence and construction of vector-valued modular forms (vvmf) for any arbitrary Fuchsian group $\mathrm{G}$, for any representation $ρ:\mathrm{G} \longrightarrow \mathrm{GL}_{d}(\mathbb{C})$ of finite image can be established by lifting scalar-valued modular forms of the finite index subgroup $Ker(ρ)$ of $\mathrm{G}$. In this article vvmf are explicitly constructed for any admissible multiplier (representation) $ρ$, see Section 3 for the definition of admissible multiplier. In other words, the following question has been partially answered: For which representations $ρ$ of a given $\mat…
In this paper, we compute the Fourier expansion of the Shintani lift of nearly holomorphic modular forms. As an application, we deduce modularity properties of generating series of cycle integrals of nearly holomorphic modular forms.
In this paper, we investigate cycle integrals of weakly holomorphic modular forms. We show that these integrals coincide with the cycle integrals of classical cusp forms. We use these results to define a Shintani lift from integral weight weakly holomorphic modular forms to half-integral weight holomorphic modular forms.
In order to considering the integrality of nearly holomorphic (vector-valued) Siegel modular forms, we introduce nearly Siegel modular forms and study their integrality. We show that the integrality of nearly Siegel modular forms in terms of their Fourier expansion implies the integrality of their CM values. Furthermore, we show that there exists a one-to-one correspondence between integral nearly Siegel modular forms and integral nearly holomorphic ones. By these results, the integrality of CM values holds for nearly holomorphic Siegel modular forms and for nearly overconvergent p-adic Siegel…
Let $Γ$ be the Fuchsian group of the first kind. For an even integer $m\ge 4$, we study $m/2$-holomorphic differentials in terms of space of (holomorphic) cuspidal modular forms $S_m(Γ)$. We also give in depth study of Wronskians of cuspidal modular forms and their divisors.
In this article, we study the nature of zeros of weakly holomorphic modular forms. In particular, we prove results about transcendental zeros of modular forms of higher levels and for certain Fricke groups which extend a work of Kohnen. Furthermore, we investigate the algebraic independence of values of weakly holomorphic modular forms.
We extend the relation between quasi-modular forms and modular forms to a wider class of functions. We then relate both forms to vector-valued modular forms with symmetric power representations, and prove a general structure theorem for these vector-valued forms.
We show that the values of a certain family of weakly holomorphic modular functions at points in the divisors of any meromorphic modular form with algebraic Fourier coefficients are algebraic. We use this to extend the classical result of Schneider by proving that zeros or poles of any non-zero meromorphic modular form with algebraic Fourier coefficients are either transcendental or imaginary quadratic irrational.
We define an analogue of the Bol operator on spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms of half-integral weight. We establish its main properties and relation with other objects.
The goal of this paper is to construct the p-adic analytic family of overconvergent half-integral weight modular forms using Hecke-equivariant overconvergent Shintani lifting. The classical Shintani map is the Hecke-equivariant map from the space of cusp forms of integral weight to the space of cusp forms of half-integral weight. Glenn Stevens proved in [St1] that there is Lamda-adic lifting of this map to the Hida family of ordinary cusp forms of integral weight and consequently constructed Lamda-adic modular eigen form of half-integral weight. The natural thing to do is generalizing his resu…
In this paper, we use regularized theta liftings to construct weak Maass forms weight 1/2 as lifts of weak Maass forms of weight 0. As a special case we give a new proof of some of recent results of Duke, Toth and Imamoglu on cycle integrals of the modular j-invariant and extend these to any congruence subgroup. Moreover, our methods allow us to settle the open question of a geometric interpretation for periods of j along infinite geodesics in the upper half plane. In particular, we give the `central value' of the (non-existing) `L-function' for j. The key to the proofs is the construction of …
Inspired by prior work of Bruinier and Ono and Mertens and Rolen, we study class polynomials for non-holomorphic modular functions arising from modular forms of negative weight. In particular, we give general conditions for the irreducibility of class polynomials. This allows us to easily generate infintely many new class invariants.
We examine the Fourier coefficients of modular forms in a canonical basis for the spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weights 4, 6, 8, 10, and 14, and show that these coefficients are often highly divisible by the primes 2, 3, and 5.
We use vanishing results for sheaf cohomology on Siegel modular varieties to study two lifting problems: (a) When can Siegel modular forms (mod p) be lifted to characteristic zero? This uses and extends previous results for cusp forms by Stroh and Lan-Suh. (b) When is the restriction of Siegel modular forms to the boundary of the moduli space a surjective map? We investigate this question in arbitrary characteristic, generalising analytic results of Weissauer and Arakawa.
Zagier proved that the generating series for the traces of singular moduli is a \textit{weakly holomorphic} modular form of weight 3/2 on $Γ_0(4)$. Bruinier and Funke extended the results of Zagier to modular curves of arbitrary genus. Zagier also showed that the twisted traces of singular moduli are generated by a weakly holomorphic modular form of weight 3/2. In this paper, we study the extension of Zagier's result for the twisted traces of singular moduli to congruence subgroups $Γ_0(N)$. As an application, we study congruences for the twisted traces of singular moduli of weakly holomorphic…
We prove that the zeros of a family of extremal modular forms interlace, settling a question of Nozaki. Additionally, we show that the zeros of almost all forms in a basis for the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weight $k$ for $\SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ interlace on most of the lower boundary of the fundamental domain.
Holomorphic almost modular forms are holomorphic functions of the complex upper half plane which can be approximated arbitrarily well (in a suitable sense) by modular forms of congruence subgroups of large index in $\SL(2,\ZZ)$. It is proved that such functions have a rotation-invariant limit distribution when the argument approaches the real axis. An example for a holomorphic almost modular form is the logarithm of $\prod_{n=1}^\infty (1-\exp(2\piın^2 z))$. The paper is motivated by the author's studies [J. Marklof, Int. Math. Res. Not. {\bf 39} (2003) 2131-2151] on the connection between alm…
In this article, we explicitly construct a canonical basis for the space of certain weakly holomorphic Drinfeld modular forms for $Γ_0(T)$ (resp., for $Γ_0^+(T)$) and compute the generating function satisfied by the basis elements. We also give an explicit expression for the action of the $Θ$-operator, which depends on the divisor of meromorphic Drinfeld modular forms.
Let $M_k^\sharp(N)$ be the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms for $Γ_0(N)$ that are holomorphic at all cusps except possibly at $\infty$. We study a canonical basis for $M_k^\sharp(2)$ and $M_k^\sharp(3)$ and prove that almost all modular forms in this basis have the property that the majority of their zeros in a fundamental domain lie on a lower boundary arc of the fundamental domain.
In a previous paper [CG], we showed how one could generalize Taylor-Wiles modularity lifting theorems [Wil95, TW95] to contexts beyond those in which the automorphic forms in question arose from the middle degree cohomology of Shimura varieties, in particular, to contexts in which the relevant automorphic forms contributed to cohomology in exactly two degrees. In this sequel, we extend our method to the general case in which Galois representations are expected to occur in cohomology, contingent on the (as yet unproven) existence of certain Galois representations with the expected properties. A…
In this paper, we prove some divisibility results for the Fourier coefficients of reduced modular forms of sign vectors. More precisely, we generalize a divisibility result of Siegel on constant terms when the weight is non-positive, which is related to the weight of Borcherds lifts when the weight is zero. By considering Hecke operators for the spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms with sign vectors, and obtain divisibility results in an "orthogonal" direction on reduced modular forms.
We prove Zagier duality between the Fourier coefficients of canonical bases for spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms of prime level $p$ with $11 \leq p \leq 37$ with poles only at the cusp at $\infty$, and special cases of duality for an infinite class of prime levels. We derive generating functions for the bases for genus 1 levels.
In an article in the Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly in 2008, Duke and Jenkins investigated a certain natural basis of the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms for the full modular group $SL_2({\bf Z})$. We show here that their results can be generalized to certain moonshine groups, also allowing characters that are real on the underlying subgroup $Γ_0(N)$.
We study a canonical basis for spaces of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weights 12, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 26 on the full modular group. We prove a relation between the Fourier coefficients of modular forms in this canonical basis and a generalized Ramanujan tau-function, and use this to prove that these Fourier coefficients are often highly divisible by 2.
There are a variety of characterizations of Saito-Kurokawa lifts from elliptic modular forms to Siegel modular forms of degree 2. In addition to giving a survey of known characterizations, we apply a recent result of Weissauer to provide a number of new and simpler characterizations of Saito-Kurokawa lifts.
We introduce a new family of real analytic modular forms on the upper half plane. They are arguably the simplest class of `mixed' versions of modular forms of level one and are constructed out of real and imaginary parts of iterated integrals of holomorphic Eisenstein series. They form an algebra of functions satisfying many properties analogous to classical holomorphic modular forms. In particular, they admit expansions in $q, \overline{q}$ and $\log |q|$ involving only rational numbers and single-valued multiple zeta values. The first non-trivial functions in this class are real analytic Eis…
In this semi-expository note, we give a new proof of a structure theorem due to Shimura for nearly holomorphic modular forms on the complex upper half plane. Roughly speaking, the theorem says that the space of all nearly holomorphic modular forms is the direct sum of the subspaces obtained by applying appropriate weight-raising operators on the spaces of holomorphic modular forms and on the one-dimensional space spanned by the weight 2 nearly holomorphic Eisenstein series. While Shimura's proof was classical, ours is representation-theoretic. We deduce the structure theorem from a decompositi…
We show how to realize the Shimura lift of arbitrary level and character using the vector-valued theta lifts of Borcherds. Using the regularization of Borcherds' lift we extend the Shimura lift to take weakly holomorphic modular forms of half-integral weight to meromorphic modular forms of even integral weight having poles at CM points.
We prove that the coefficients of certain mock theta functions possess no linear congruences modulo 3. We prove similar results for the moduli 2 and 3 for a wide class of weakly holomorphic modular forms and discuss applications. This extends work of Radu on the behavior of the ordinary partition function modulo 2 and 3.
Let $M_k^\sharp(4)$ be the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weight $k$ and level $4$ that are holomorphic away from the cusp at $\infty$. We define a canonical basis for this space and show that for almost all of the basis elements, the majority of their zeros in a fundamental domain for $Γ_0(4)$ lie on the lower boundary of the fundamental domain. Additionally, we show that the Fourier coefficients of the basis elements satisfy an interesting duality property.
For a positive integer $N$ divisible by $4,5,6,7$ or $9$, let $\mathcal{O}_{1,N}(\mathbb{Q})$ be the ring of weakly holomorphic modular functions for the congruence subgroup $Γ_1(N)$ with rational Fourier coefficients. We present explicit generators of the ring $\mathcal{O}_{1,N}(\mathbb{Q})$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ by making use of modular units which have infinite product expansions.
Let $M_k^!(Γ_0^+(3))$ be the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weight $k$ for the Fricke group of level $3$. We introduce a natural basis for $M_k^!(Γ_0^+(3))$ and prove that for almost all basis elements, all of their zeros in a fundamental domain lie on the circle centered at 0 with radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$.
We prove an analogue of the main result of Buzzard and Taylor (Annals of Mathematics 149 (1999), 905-919) for totally real fields in which p is unramified. This can be used to prove certain cases of the strong Artin conjecture over totally real fields.
Serre obtained the p-adic limit of the integral Fourier coefficient of modular forms on $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ for $p=2,3,5,7$. In this paper, we extend the result of Serre to weakly holomorphic modular forms of half integral weight on $Γ_{0}(4N)$ for $N=1,2,4$. A proof is based on linear relations among Fourier coefficients of modular forms of half integral weight. As applications we obtain congruences of Borcherds exponents, congruences of quotient of Eisentein series and congruences of values of $L$-functions at a certain point are also studied. Furthermore, the congruences of the Fourier coeff…
We prove a sub-convex estimate for the sup-norm of $L^2$-normalized holomorphic modular forms of weight $k$ on the upper half plane, with respect to the unit group of a quaternion division algebra over $\mf Q$. More precisely we show that when the $L^2$ norm of an eigenfunction $f$ is one, | f |_\infty \ll k^{1/2 - 12/131 + \varepsilon}, for any $\varepsilon>0$ and for all $k$ sufficiently large.
Recently, Bruinier and Ono found an algebraic formula for the partition function in terms of traces of singular moduli of a certain non-holomorphic modular function. In this paper we prove that the rational polynomial having these singuar moduli as zeros is (essentially) irreducible, settling a question of Bruinier and Ono. The proof uses careful analytic estimates together with some related work of Dewar and Murty, as well as extensive numerical calculations of Sutherland.
We extend the modularity lifting result of the arXiv:1111.2804 to allow Galois representations with some ramification at p. We also prove modularity mod 2 and 5 of certain Galois representations. We use these results to prove many new cases of the strong Artin conjecture over totally real fields in which 5 is unramified. As an ingredient of the proof, we provide a general result on the automatic analytic continuation of overconvergent p-adic Hilbert modular forms of finite slope which substantially generalizes a similar result in arXiv:1111.2804.
Let $f$ be a cuspidal Hecke eigenform of level 1. We prove the automorphy of the symmetric power lifting $\mathrm{Sym}^n f$ for every $n \geq 1$. We establish the same result for a more general class of cuspidal Hecke eigenforms, including all those associated to semistable elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$.
Let $U(p)$ denote the Atkin operator of prime index $p$. Honda and Kaneko proved infinite families of congruences of the form $f|U(p) \equiv 0 \pmod{p}$ for weakly holomorphic modular forms of low weight and level and primes $p$ in certain residue classes, and conjectured the existence of similar congruences modulo higher powers of $p$. Partial results on some of these conjectures were proved recently by Guerzhoy. We construct infinite families of weakly holomorphic modular forms on the Fricke groups $Γ^*(N)$ for $N=1,2,3,4$ and describe explicitly the action of the Hecke algebra on these form…
We define the space of nearly holomorphic automorphic forms on a connected reductive group $G$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ such that the homogeneous space $G(\mathbb{R})^1/ K_\infty^\circ$ is a Hermitian symmetric space. By Pitale, Saha and Schmidt's study, there are the classification of indecomposable $(\mathfrak{g},K_\infty)$-modules which occur in the space of nearly holomorphic elliptic modular forms and Siegel modular forms of degree $2$. This paper studies global representations of the adele group $G(\mathbb{A}_\mathbb{Q})$ which occur in the space of nearly holomorphic Hilbert modular forms. In …
Let $M_k^\sharp(N)$ be the space of weight $k$, level $N$ weakly holomorphic modular forms with poles only at the cusp at $\infty$. We explicitly construct a canonical basis for $M_k^\sharp(N)$ for $N\in\{8,9,16,25\}$, and show that many of the Fourier coefficients of the basis elements in $M_0^\sharp(N)$ are divisible by high powers of the prime dividing the level $N$. Additionally, we show that these basis elements satisfy a Zagier duality property, and extend Griffin's results on congruences in level 1 to levels 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 16, and 25.
We investigate Poincaré series, where we average products of terms of Fourier series of real-analytic Siegel modular forms. There are some (trivial) special cases for which the products of terms of Fourier series of elliptic modular forms and harmonic Maass forms are almost holomorphic, in which case the corresponding Poincaré series are almost holomorphic as well. In general this is not the case. The main point of this paper is the study of Siegel-Poincaré series of degree $2$ attached to products of terms of Fourier series of harmonic Siegel-Maass forms and holomorphic Siegel modular forms. …
We prove new modularity lifting theorems for p-adic Galois representations in situations where the methods of Wiles and Taylor--Wiles do not apply. Previous generalizations of these methods have been restricted to situations where the automorphic forms in question contribute to a single degree of cohomology. In practice, this imposes several restrictions -- one must be in a Shimura variety setting and the automorphic forms must be of regular weight at infinity. In this paper, we essentially show how to remove these restrictions. Our most general result is a modularity lifting theorem which, on…
We complete several generating functions to non-holomorphic modular forms in two variables. For instance, we consider the generating function of a natural family of meromorphic modular forms of weight two. We then show that this generating series can be completed to a smooth, non-holomorphic modular form of weights 3/2 and two. Moreover, it turns out that the same function is also a modular completion of the generating function of weakly holomorphic modular forms of weight 3/2, which prominently appear in work of Zagier on traces of singular moduli.
We explain how the work of Johnson-Leung and Roberts on lifting Hilbert modular forms for real quadratic fields to Siegel modular forms can be adapted to imaginary quadratic fields. For this we use archimedean results from Harris, Soudry, Taylor and replace the global arguments of Roberts by the non-vanishing result of Takeda. As an application of our lifting result, we exhibit an abelian surface $B$ defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, which is not restriction of scalars of an elliptic curve and satisfies the Brumer-Kramer Paramodularity Conjecture.
We define canonical real analytic versions of modular forms of integral weight for the full modular group, generalising real analytic Eisenstein series. They are harmonic Maass waveforms with poles at the cusp, whose Fourier coefficients involve periods and quasi-periods of cusp forms, which are conjecturally transcendental. In particular, we settle the question of finding explicit `weak harmonic lifts' for every eigenform of integral weight $k$ and level one. We show that mock modular forms of integral weight are algebro-geometric and have Fourier coefficients proportional to $n^{1-k}(a'_n + …
