Charge collection and efficiency measurements of the TJ-Monopix2 DMAPS in 180$\,$nm CMOS technology
Christian Bespin, Ivan Caicedo, Jochen Dingfelder, Tomasz Hemperek, Toko Hirono, Fabian Hügging, Hans Krüger, Konstantinos Moustakas, Heinz Pernegger, Petra Rie… 展开作者
Christian Bespin, Ivan Caicedo, Jochen Dingfelder, Tomasz Hemperek, Toko Hirono, Fabian Hügging, Hans Krüger, Konstantinos Moustakas, Heinz Pernegger, Petra Riedler, Lars Schall, Walter Snoeys, Norbert Wermes
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Conference proceedings for PIXEL2022 conference, submitted to PoS
单片CMOS像素探测器已在高能粒子物理探测器领域成为具有竞争力的候选方案。通过利用商用工艺,此类探测器可实现大批量生产。基于180 nm Tower工艺,已设计出一系列原型,该工艺具有传感器材料耗尽和列漏极读出架构。最新迭代版本TJ-Monopix2具有一个2 cm x 2 cm的大矩阵,由512 x 512个像素组成,像素间距为33.04 um。小收集电极设计旨在实现低功耗和低噪声,而面向高能粒子探测器应用的抗辐射能力则需要额外关注。为达到对NIEL损伤具有10^15 1 MeV n_eq cm^-2水平的抗辐射能力,已对标准工艺进行了改进,在像素内添加了低剂量n型硅注入,以实现传感器体积的均匀耗尽。近期对未辐照模块进行了实验室测量和束流测试,以研究其电学特性和击中探测效率。
英文摘要:
Monolithic CMOS pixel detectors have emerged as competitive contenders in the field of high-energy particle physics detectors. By utilizing commercial processes they offer high-volume production of such detectors. A series of prototypes has been designed in a 180$\,$nm Tower process with depletion of the sensor material and a column-drain readout architecture. The latest iteration, TJ-Monopix2, features a large 2$\,$cm x 2$\,$cm matrix consisting of 512 x 512 pixels with 33.04$\,$um pitch. A small collection electrode design aims at low power consumption and low noise while the radiation tolerance for high-energy particle detector applications needs extra attention. With a goal to reach radiation tolerance to levels of $10^{15}\,1\,$MeV n$_\text{eq}\,$cm$^{-2}$ of NIEL damage a modification of the standard process has been implemented by adding a low-dosed n-type silicon implant across the pixel in order to allow for homogeneous depletion of the sensor volume. Recent lab measurements and beam tests were conducted for unirradiated modules to study electrical characteristics and hit detection efficiency.
Charge collection properties of TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS Pixel Sensors in dependence of pixel geometries and bias parameters, studied using a dedicated test-vehicle: the Investigator chip
本文包含一个汇编的参数影响的电荷收集过程中提取的全面研究的部分耗尽单片有源像素传感器与小(<25 μ m $^2$)收集电极在TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS工艺制造。这些结果为ALICE第二代内跟踪系统芯片ALPIDE中二极管的优化提供了指导,并为今后类似器件的仿真研究提供了参考。研究的参数包括:反向衬底偏压、外延层厚度、电荷收集电极尺寸和电极与周围像素内电子器件的间距。来自28 μ m间距的像素的结果证实,即使在部分耗尽的电路中,电荷收集也可以是快速的(<10 ns),并且量化了参数对信号共享和幅度的影响,突出了阱之间的正确间距和反向衬底偏压的影响的重要性。
Test-beam and simulation studies for the CLICTD technology demonstrator -- a monolithic CMOS pixel sensor with a small collection diode
CLIC Tracker Detector(CLICTD)是一款单片像素传感器,像素为30 um x 37.5 um,并配有一个小型收集二极管。该传感器采用180 nm CMOS成像工艺制造,使用两种不同的像素风格:第一种是连续的n型注入,用于完全横向耗尽,第二种是n型注入中的分段,用于加速电荷收集。此外,CLICTD具有创新的子像素分割方案,允许减少数字足迹,同时保持一个小的子像素间距。在本文中,介绍了使用分段n注入的像素风味的测试束测量。的性能进行评估的时间和空间分辨率以及效率。此外,试验梁数据进行比较,使用3D TCAD和蒙特卡罗模拟工具相结合的模拟研究。
Upgrade of the Belle II Vertex Detector with Depleted Monolithic CMOS Active Pixel Sensors
Marietta Blau Institute for Particle Physics, Austrian Academy of Sciences(玛丽亚·布劳粒子物理研究所,奥地利科学院);Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo(贝加莫大学工程与应用科学学院);Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia(帕维亚大学电气、计算机和生物医学工程系);Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Fermi”, Università di Pisa(比萨大学“E. 费米”物理系);INFN Sezione di Pisa(意大利国家核物理研究所比萨分部);Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS IN2P3, CPPM(艾克斯-马赛大学,法国国家科学研究中心,法国国家核物理与粒子物理研究所,普罗旺斯粒子物理中心);Laboratoire de Physique des 2 infinis Irène Joliot-Curie – IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS IN2P3(巴黎-萨克雷大学,法国国家科学研究中心,法国国家核物理与粒子物理研究所,伊雷娜·约里奥-居里双无限物理实验室);Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178(斯特拉斯堡大学,法国国家科学研究中心,高能物理研究所);Physikalisches Institut, Rheinische(莱茵(威斯特法伦)联邦工业大学物理学院)
Belle II实验为应对更高的亮度,计划升级顶点探测器,采用耗尽单片主动像素传感器,设计高辐射容忍度和低功耗性能。
TPA-TCT analysis of the RD50-MPW4 monolithic pixel particle detector
Universidad de Sevilla(塞维利亚大学);CERN(欧洲核子研究组织);NIKHEF(荷兰国家核子和亚原子物理研究所);Marietta Blau Institute for Particle Physics of the Austrian Academy of Sciences(奥地利科学院玛丽埃塔·布劳粒子物理研究所);Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona(巴塞罗那自治大学);University of Liverpool(利物浦大学);University of Bonn(波恩大学)
Test-beam characterisation of the CLICTD technology demonstrator - a small collection electrode High-Resistivity CMOS pixel sensor with simultaneous time and energy measurement
The RD50-MPW4: A Radiation Hard HV CMOS Sensor for Future Colliders
Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics(荷兰国家亚原子物理研究所);MBI - Marietta Blau Institute for Particle Physics of the Austrian Academy of Sciences(奥地利科学院玛丽埃塔·布劳粒子物理研究所);Institute for High Energy Physics (IFAE), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)(巴塞罗那自治大学高能物理研究所);Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-UV.(西班牙高等科学研究理事会-瓦伦西亚大学核物理研究所);Dept. of Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering at University of Sevilla(塞维利亚大学工程学院电子工程系);Department of Physics, University of Liverpool(利物浦大学物理系);Physikalisches Institut, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn(波恩大学物理研究所)
Development of a cosmic ray detector using CMOS sensors embedded in smartphones and Raspberry Pi devices
Research Institute for Engineering, Kanagawa University(神奈川大学工学研究科);Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University(神奈川大学工学部);College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University(日本大学生产工学部)
Test-beam results from MiniCACTUS-v2: A depleted monolithic CMOS timing sensor prototype
Institute for High Energy Physiscs (IFAE) Campus Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)(巴塞罗那自治大学高能物理研究所);Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)(巴塞罗那自治大学);Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)(加泰罗尼亚研究与高级研究学院);University of Liverpool(利物浦大学)