We consider flat epimorphisms of commutative rings $R\to U$ such that, for every ideal $I\subset R$ for which $IU=U$, the quotient ring $R/I$ is semilocal of Krull dimension zero. Under these assumptions, we show that the projective dimension of the $R$-module $U$ does not exceed $1$. We also describe the Geigle-Lenzing perpendicular subcategory $U^{\perp_{0,1}}$ in $R\mathsf{-Mod}$. Assuming additionally that the ring $U$ and all the rings $R/I$ are perfect, we show that all flat $R$-modules are $U$-strongly flat. Thus we obtain a generalization of some results of the paper arXiv:1801.04820, where the case of the localization $U=S^{-1}R$ of the ring $R$ at a multiplicative subset $S\subset R$ was considered.
A (not necessarily commutative) Krull monoid---as introduced by Wauters---is defined as a completely integrally closed monoid satisfying the ascending chain condition on divisorial two-sided ideals. We study the structure of these Krull monoids, both with ideal theoretic and with divisor theoretic methods. Among others we characterize normalizing Krull monoids by divisor theories. Based on these results we give a criterion for a Krull monoid to be a bounded factorization monoid, and we provide arithmetical finiteness results in case of normalizing Krull monoids with finite Davenport constant.
We present constructive versions of Krull's dimension theory for commutative rings and distributive lattices. The foundations of these constructive versions are due to Joyal, Español and the authors. We show that the notion of Krull dimension has an explicit computational content in the form of existence (or lack of existence) of some algebraic identities. We can then get an explicit computational content where abstract results about dimensions are used to show the existence of concrete elements. This can be seen as a partial realisation of Hilbert's program for classical abstract commutative …
Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. The structure theorem says that $R$ is a PIR (resp., UFR, general ZPI-ring, $π$-ring) if and only if $R$ is a finite direct product of PIDs (resp., UFDs, Dedekind domains, $π$-domains) and special primary rings. All of these four types of integral domains are Krull domains, so motivated by the structure theorem, we study the prime factorization of ideals in a ring that is a finite direct product of Krull domains and special primary rings. Such a ring will be called a general Krull ring. It is known that Krull domains can be characterized by the star…
We study different types of localisations of a commutative noetherian ring. More precisely, we provide criteria to decide: (a) if a given flat ring epimorphism is a universal localisation in the sense of Cohn and Schofield; and (b) when such universal localisations are classical rings of fractions. In order to find such criteria, we use the theory of support and we analyse the specialisation closed subset associated to a flat ring epimorphism. In case the underlying ring is locally factorial or of Krull dimension one, we show that all flat ring epimorphisms are universal localisations. Moreove…
Transfer Krull monoids are a recent concept including all commutative Krull domains and also, for example, wide classes of non-commutative Dedekind domains. We show that transfer Krull monoids are fully elastic (i.e., every rational number between $1$ and the elasticity of the monoid can be realized as the elasticity of an element). In commutative Krull monoids which have sufficiently many prime divisors in all classes of their class group, the set of catenary degrees and the set of tame degrees are intervals. Without the assumption on the distribution of prime divisors, arbitrary finite sets …
We resolve an open problem in commutative algebra and Field Arithmetic, posed by Jarden -- Let R be a generalized Krull domain. Is the ring R[[X]] of formal power series over R a generalized Krull domain? We show that the answer is negative.
Transfer Krull monoids are monoids which allow a weak transfer homomorphism to a commutative Krull monoid, and hence the system of sets of lengths of a transfer Krull monoid coincides with that of the associated commutative Krull monoid. We unveil a couple of new features of the system of sets of lengths of transfer Krull monoids over finite abelian groups G, and we provide a complete description of the system for all groups G having Davenport constant D(G) = 5 (these are the smallest groups for which no such descriptions were known so far). Under reasonable algebraic finiteness assumptions, s…
Let $D$ be an integral domain and $Γ$ be a torsion-free commutative cancellative (additive) semigroup with identity element and quotient group $G$. In this paper, we show that if char$(D)=0$ (resp., char$(D)=p>0$), then $D[Γ]$ is a weakly Krull domain if and only if $D$ is a weakly Krull UMT-domain, $Γ$ is a weakly Krull UMT-monoid, and $G$ is of type $(0,0,0, \dots )$ (resp., type $(0,0,0, \dots )$ except $p$). Moreover, we give arithmetical applications of this result.
We present constructive versions of Krull's dimension theory for commutative rings and distributive lattices. The foundations of these constructive versions are due to Joyal, Espanõl and the authors. We show that this gives a constructive version of basic classical theorems (dimension of finitely presented algebras, Going up and Going down theorem, \ldots), and hence that we get an explicit computational content where these abstract results are used to show the existence of concrete elements. This can be seen as a partial realisation of Hilbert's program for classical abstract commutative alge…
In this paper all rings are commutative. We prove some new results on flat epimorphisms of rings and pointwise localizations. Especially among them, it is proved that a ring $R$ is an absolutely flat (von-Neumann regular) ring if and only if it is isomorphic to the pointwise localization $R^{(-1)}R$, or equivalently, each $R-$algebra is $R-$flat. For a given minimal prime ideal $\mathfrak{p}$ of a ring $R$, the surjectivity of the canonical map $R\rightarrow R_{\mathfrak{p}}$ is characterized. Finally, we give a new proof to the fact that in a flat epimorphism of rings, the contraction-extensi…
Given a significative class $F$ of commutative rings, we study the precise conditions under which a commutative ring $R$ has an $F$-envelope. A full answer is obtained when $F$ is the class of fields, semisimple commutative rings or integral domains. When $F$ is the class of Noetherian rings, we give a full answer when the Krull dimension of $R$ is zero and when the envelope is required to be epimorphic. The general problem is reduced to identifying the class of non-Noetherian rings having a monomorphic Noetherian envelope, which we conjecture is the empty class.
We introduce a naive notion of a system of parameters for a homologically finite complex over a commutative noetherian local ring, and compare it to the system of parameters defined by Christensen. We show that these notions differ in general, but that they agree when the complex in question is a DG R-algebra. In this case we also show that the Krull dimension defined in terms of the lengths of such systems of parameters agrees with Krull dimensions defined in terms of certain chains of prime ideals.
We construct a triangle equivalence between the singularity categories of two isolated cyclic quotient singularities of Krull dimensions two and three, respectively. This is the first example of a singular equivalence involving connected commutative algebras of odd and even Krull dimension. In combination with Orlov's localization result, this gives further singular equivalences between certain quasi-projective varieties of dimensions two and three, respectively.
In his work of 1969, Merle E. Manis introduced valuations on commutative rings. Recently, the class of totally quasi-ordered rings was developped by the second author. In the present paper, we establish the notion of compatibility between valuations and quasi-orders on rings, leading to a definition of the rank of a quasi-ordered ring. Moreover, we prove a Baer-Krull Theorem for quasi-ordered rings: fixing a Manis valuation v on R, we characterize all v-compatible quasi-orders of R by lifting the quasi-orders from the residue class ring to R itself.
This is a survey on factorization theory. We discuss finitely generated monoids (including affine monoids), primary monoids (including numerical monoids), power sets with set addition, Krull monoids and their various generalizations, and the multiplicative monoids of domains (including Krull domains, rings of integer-valued polynomials, orders in algebraic number fields) and of their ideals. We offer examples for all these classes of monoids and discuss their main arithmetical finiteness properties. These describe the structure of their sets of lengths, of the unions of sets of lengths, and th…
We show for a ring R of weak global dimension at most one that there is a bijection between the smashing subcategories of its derived category and the equivalence classes of homological epimorphisms starting in R. If, moreover, R is commutative, we prove that the compactly generated localizing subcategories correspond precisely to flat epimorphisms. We also classify smashing localizations of the derived category of any valuation domain, and provide an easy criterion for the Telescope Conjecture (TC) for any commutative ring of weak global dimension at most one. As a consequence, we show that t…
Foxby defined the (Krull) dimension of a complex of modules over a commutative Noetherian ring in terms of the dimension of its homology modules. In this note it is proved that the dimension of a bounded complex of free modules of finite rank can be computed directly from the matrices representing the differentials of the complex.
There are several theorems describing the intricate relationship between flatness and associated primes over commutative Noetherian rings. However, associated primes are known to act badly over non-Noetherian rings, so one needs a suitable replacement. In this paper, we show that the behavior of strong Krull primes most closely resembles that of associated primes over a Noetherian ring. We prove an analogue of a theorem of Epstein and Yao characterizing flat modules in terms of associated primes by replacing them with strong Krull primes. Also, we partly generalize a classical equational theor…
Nous rappelons des versions constructives de la théorie de la dimension de Krull dans les anneaux commutatifs et dans les treillis distributifs, dont les bases ont été posées par Joyal, Espanõl et les deux auteurs. Nous montrons sur les exemples de la dimension des algèbres de présentation finie, du Going Up, du Going Down \ldots que cela nous permet de donner une version constructive de grands théorèmes classiques, et par conséquent de récupérer un contenu calculatoire explicite lorsque ces théorèmes abstraits sont utilisés pour démontrer l'existence d'objets concrets. Nous pensons ainsi mett…
Let $R$ be a (possibly noncommutative) ring and let $\mathcal C$ be a class of finitely generated (right) $R$-modules which is closed under finite direct sums, direct summands, and isomorphisms. Then the set $\mathcal V (\mathcal C)$ of isomorphism classes of modules is a commutative semigroup with operation induced by the direct sum. This semigroup encodes all possible information about direct sum decompositions of modules in $\mathcal C$. If the endomorphism ring of each module in $\mathcal C$ is semilocal, then $\mathcal V (\mathcal C)$ is a Krull monoid. Although this fact was observed nea…
In this note, we show that any epimorphism originating at a von Neumann regular ring (not necessary commutative) is a universal localization. As an application, we prove that the Telescope Conjecture holds for the unbounded derived categories of von Neumann regular rings (not necessary commutative).
Let $M$ be a commutative cancellative monoid. The set $Δ(M)$, which consists of all positive integers which are distances between consecutive factorization lengths of elements in $M$, is a widely studied object in the theory of nonunique factorizations. If $M$ is a Krull monoid with cyclic class group of order $n \ge 3$, then it is well-known that $Δ(M) \subseteq \{1, \dots, n-2\}$. Moreover, equality holds for this containment when each class contains a prime divisor from $M$. In this note, we consider the question of determining which subsets of $\{1, \dots, n-2\}$ occur as the delta set of …
We develop a new technique for studying monomial ideals in the standard polynomial rings $A[X_1,\ldots,X_d]$ where $A$ is a commutative ring with identity. The main idea is to consider induced ideals in the semigroup ring $R=A[\mathbb{M}^1_{\geq 0}\times\cdots\times\mathbb{M}^d_{\geq 0}]$ where $\mathbb{M}^1,\ldots,\mathbb{M}^d$ are non-zero additive subgroups of $\mathbb{R}$. We prove that the set of non-zero finitely generated monomial ideals in $R$ has the structure of a metric space, and we prove that a version of Krull dimension for this setting is lower semicontinuous with respect to thi…
We show that the cosupport of a commutative noetherian ring is precisely the set of primes appearing in a minimal pure-injective resolution of the ring. As an application of this, we prove that every countable commutative noetherian ring has full cosupport. We also settle the comparison of cosupport and support of finitely generated modules over any commutative noetherian ring of finite Krull dimension. Finally, we give an example showing that the cosupport of a finitely generated module need not be a closed subset of $\operatorname{Spec}(R)$, providing a negative answer to a question of Sathe…
It is proved that for a ring $R$ that is either an affine algebra over a field, or an equicharacteristic complete local ring, some power of the Jacobian ideal of $R$ annihilates $\mathrm{Ext}^{d+1}_{R}(-,-)$, where $d$ is the Krull dimension of $R$. Sufficient conditions are identified under which the Jacobian ideal itself annihilates these Ext-modules, and examples are provided that show that this is not always the case. A crucial new idea is to consider a derived version of the Noether different of an algebra.
It is proven that each indecomposable injective module over a valuation domain $R$ is polyserial if and only if each maximal immediate extension $\widehat{R}$ of $R$ is of finite rank over the completion $\widetilde{R}$ of $R$ in the $R$-topology. In this case, for each indecomposable injective module $E$, the following invariants are finite and equal: its Malcev rank, its Fleischer rank and its dual Goldie dimension. Similar results are obtained for chain rings satisfying some additional properties. It is also shown that each indecomposable injective module over one Krull-dimensional local No…
For a commutative Noetherian ring $R$ with finite Krull dimension, we study the nullity classes in $D^c_{fg}(R)$, the full triangulated subcategory $D^c_{fg}(R)$ of the derived category $D(R)$ consisting of objects which can be represented by cofibrant objects with each degree finitely generated. In the light of perversity functions over the prime spectrum $\mathrm{Spec} R$, we prove that there is a complete invariant of nullity classes thus that of aisles (or equivalently, $t$-structures) in $D^c_{fg}(R)$.
Let $K$ be a Gorenstein noetherian ring of finite Krull dimension, and consider the category of cohomologically noetherian commutative differential graded rings $A$ over $K$, such that $H^0(A)$ is essentially of finite type over $K$, and $A$ has finite flat dimension over $K$. We extend Grothendieck's twisted inverse image pseudofunctor to this category by generalizing the theory of rigid dualizing complexes to this setup. We prove functoriality results with respect to cohomologically finite and cohomologically essentially smooth maps, and prove a perfect base change result for $f^{!}$ in this…
Given a $1$-tilting cotorsion pair over a commutative ring, we characterise the rings over which the $1$-tilting class is an enveloping class. To do so, we consider the faithful finitely generated Gabriel topology $\mathcal{G}$ associated to the $1$-tilting class $\mathcal{T}$ over a commutative ring as illustrated by Hrbek. We prove that a $1$-tilting class $\mathcal{T}$ is enveloping if and only if $ \mathcal{G}$ is a perfect Gabriel topology (that is, it arises from a perfect localisation) and $R/J$ is a perfect ring for each $J \in \mathcal{G}$, or equivalently $\mathcal{G}$ is a perfect G…
Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring. We introduce the notion of localization functors $λ^W$ with cosupports in arbitrary subsets $W$ of $\text{Spec}\, R$; it is a common generalization of localizations with respect to multiplicatively closed subsets and left derived functors of ideal-adic completion functors. We prove several results about the localization functors $λ^W$, including an explicit way to calculate $λ^W$ by the notion of Cech complexes. As an application, we can give a simpler proof of a classical theorem by Gruson and Raynaud, which states that the projective dimension of a f…
We consider the following question: Is Gorenstein homology a X-pure homology, in the sense defined by Warfield, for a class X of modules? Let GP denote the class of Gorenstein projective modules. We prove that over a commutative Noetherian ring R of finite Krull dimension, Gorenstein homology is a GP-pure homology if and only if R is virtually Gorenstein.
We investigate parametrizations of compactly generated t-structures, or more generally, t-structures with a definable coaisle, in the unbounded derived category D(Mod-A) of a ring A. To this end, we provide a construction of t-structures from chains in the lattice of ring epimorphisms starting in A, which is a natural extension of the construction of compactly generated t-structures from chains of subsets of the Zariski spectrum known for the commutative noetherian case. We also provide constructions of silting and cosilting objects in D(Mod-A). This leads us to classification results over som…
It is well-known that for any commutative unitary ring $\mathbf{R}$, the Serre conjecture ring $\mathbf{R}\langle X \rangle$, i.e., the localization of the univariate polynomial ring $\mathbf{R}[X]$ at monic polynomials, is a Bézout domain of Krull dimension $\leq 1$ if so is $\mathbf{R}$. Consequently, defining by induction $\mathbf{R}\langle X_1,\ldots,X_n \rangle:=(\mathbf{R}\langle X_1,\ldots,X_{n-1}\rangle)\langle X_n\rangle$, the ring $\mathbf{R}\langle X_1,\ldots,X_n \rangle$ is a Bézout domain of Krull dimension $\leq 1$ if so is $\mathbf{R}$. The fact that $\mathbf{R}\langle X_1,\ldot…
We investigate the relationship between the level of a bounded complex over a commutative ring with respect to the class of Gorenstein projective modules and other invariants of the complex or ring, such as projective dimension, Gorenstein projective dimension, and Krull dimension. The results build upon work done by J. Christensen [6], H. Altmann et al. [1], and Avramov et al. [3] for levels with respect to the class of finitely generated projective modules.
We are interested in characterising the commutative rings for which a $1$-tilting cotorsion pair $(\mathcal{A}, \mathcal{T})$ provides for covers, that is when the class $\mathcal{A}$ is a covering class. We use Hrbek's bijective correspondence between the $1$-tilting cotorsion pairs over a commutative ring $R$ and the faithful finitely generated Gabriel topologies on $R$. Moreover, we use results of Bazzoni-Positselski, in particular a generalisation of Matlis equivalence and their characterisation of covering classes for $1$-tilting cotorsion pairs arising from flat injective ring epimorphis…
A finitely generated module over a commutative noetherian ring of finite Krull dimension can be built from the prime ideals in the singular locus by iteration of three procedures: taking extensions, direct summands, and cosyzygies. In 2003 Schoutens gave a bound on the number of iterations required to build any module, and in this note we determine the exact number. This building process yields a stratification of the module category, which we study in detail for local rings that have an isolated singularity.
We prove that the class of Gorenstein projective modules is special precovering over any left GF-closed ring such that every Gorenstein projective module is Gorenstein flat and every Gorenstein flat module has finite Gorenstein projective dimension. This class of rings includes (strictly) Gorenstein rings, commutative noetherian rings of finite Krull dimension, as well as right coherent and left n-perfect rings. In section 4 we give examples of left GF-closed rings that have the desired properties (every Gorenstein projective module is Gorenstein flat and every Gorenstein flat has finite Goren…
The principle "Every result in classical homological algebra should have a counterpart in Gorenstein homological algebra" is given in [3]. There is a remarkable body of evidence supporting this claim (cf. [2] and [3]). Perhaps one of the most glaring exceptions is provided by the fact that tensor products of Gorenstein projective modules need not be Gorenstein projective, even over Gorenstein rings. So perhaps it is surprising that tensor products of Gorenstein injective modules over Gorenstein rings of finite Krull dimension are Gorenstein injective. Our main result is in support of the princ…
Let R be a commutative Noetherian local ring. We show that R is Gorenstein if and only if every finitely generated R-module can be embedded in a finitely generated R-module of finite projective dimension. This extends a result of Auslander and Bridger to rings of higher Krull dimension, and it also improves a result due to Foxby where the ring is assumed to be Cohen-Macaulay.
In the setting of the unbounded derived category D(R) of a ring R of weak global dimension at most one we consider t-structures with a definable coaisle. The t-structures among these which are stable (that is, the t-structures which consist of a pair of triangulated subcategories) are precisely the ones associated to a smashing localization of the derived category. In this way, our present results generalize those of [BŠ17] to the non-stable case. As in the stable case [BŠ17], we confine for the most part to the commutative setting, and give a full classification of definable coaisles in the l…
Given any commutative ring $R$, a commutator of two $n\times n$ matrices over $R$ has trace $0$. In this paper, we study the converse: whether every $n \times n$ trace $0$ matrix is a commutator. We show that if $R$ is a Bézout domain with algebraically closed quotient field, then every $n\times n$ trace $0$ matrix is a commutator. We also show that if $R$ is a regular ring with large enough Krull dimension relative to $n$, then there exist a $n\times n$ trace $0$ matrix that is not a commutator. This improves on a result of Lissner by increasing the size of the matrix allowed for a fixed $R$.…
We prove that the class of Gorenstein injective modules is both enveloping and covering over a two sided noetherian ring such that the character modules of Gorenstein injective modules are Gorenstein flat. In the second part of the paper we consider the connection between the Gorenstein injective modules and the strongly cotorsion modules. We prove that when the ring R is commutative noetherian of finite Krull dimension, the class of Gorenstein injective modules coincides with that of strongly cotorsion modules if and only if the ring R is in fact Gorenstein.
We give a sufficient condition for the class of Gorenstein injective modules be precovering: if $R$ is right noetherian and if the class of Gorenstein injective modules, $\mathcal{GI}$, is closed under filtrations, then $\mathcal{GI}$ is precovering in $R-Mod$. The converse is also true when we assume that $\mathcal{GI}$ is covering. We extend our results to the category of complexes. We prove that if the class of Gorenstein injective modules is closed under filtrations then the class of Gorenstein injective complexes is precovering in $Ch(R)$. We also give a sufficient condition for the exist…
Let $R$ be a commutative noetherian ring, $I,J$ be two ideals of $R$, $M$ be an $R$-module, and $\mathcal{S}$ be a Serre class of $R$-modules. A positive answer to the Huneke$^,$s conjecture is given for a noetherian ring $R$ and minimax $R$-module $M$ of krull dimension less than 3, with respect to $\mathcal{S}$. There are some results on cofiniteness and artinianness of local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals. For a ZD-module $M$ of finite krull dimension and an integer $n\in\mathbb{N}$, if $\lc^{i}_{I,J}(M)\in\mathcal{S}$ for all $i>n$, then $\lc^{i}_{I,J}(M)/\fa^{j}\lc^{i…
Given a good $n$-tilting module $T$ over a ring $A$, let $B$ be the endomorphism ring of $T$, it is an open question whether the kernel of the left-derived functor $T\otimes^L_B-$ between the derived module categories of $B$ and $A$ could be realized as the derived module category of a ring $C$ via a ring epimorphism $B\rightarrow C$ for $n\ge 2$. In this paper, we first provide a uniform way to deal with the above question both for tilting and cotilting modules by considering a new class of modules called Ringel modules, and then give criterions for the kernel of $T\otimes^L_B-$ to be equival…
We introduce a theory of geometry for nonnoetherian commutative algebras with finite Krull dimension. In particular, we establish new notions of normalization and height: depiction (a special noetherian overring) and geometric codimension. The resulting geometries are algebraic varieties with positive dimensional points, and are thus inherently nonlocal. These notions also give rise to new equivalent characterizations of noetherianity that are primarily geometric. We then consider an application to quiver algebras whose simple modules of maximal dimension are one dimensional at each vertex. We…
