arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2003.04129physics.soc-phecon.GNnlin.AOq-fin.EC
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财富交换动力学模型中隔离对不平等的影响

Effect of segregation on inequality in kinetic models of wealth exchange

Lennart Fernandes, Jacques Tempere

摘要:

财富和收入的经验分配可以用简化的基于主体的经济互动模型来重现,类似于气体粒子的微观碰撞。在这些自由互动的代理人模型的基础上,我们探讨了隔离经济网络的影响,其中互动仅限于具有相似财富的代理人之间的互动。在2D晶格上的代理人与他们最近的邻居进行动态交换,同时不断交换位置以最小化当地的财富差异。财富的空间集中导致一种稳定状态,全球不平等加剧,地方和全球消除贫穷措施之间的差别扩大。个人储蓄倾向在隔离经济中被证明是无效的,而再分配税收则超越了空间不均匀性,大大减少了不平等。在隔离动态中加入波动,我们观察到在临界温度时,不平等程度降低的急剧相变,伴随着富裕精英分布的突然变化。

英文摘要:

Empirical distributions of wealth and income can be reproduced using simplified agent-based models of economic interactions, analogous to microscopic collisions of gas particles. Building upon these models of freely interacting agents, we explore the effect of a segregated economic network in which interactions are restricted to those between agents of similar wealth. Agents on a 2D lattice undergo kinetic exchanges with their nearest neighbours, while continuously switching places to minimize local wealth differences. A spatial concentration of wealth leads to a steady state with increased global inequality and a magnified distinction between local and global measures of combatting poverty. Individual saving propensity proves ineffective in the segregated economy, while redistributive taxation transcends the spatial inhomogeneity and greatly reduces inequality. Adding fluctuations to the segregation dynamics, we observe a sharp phase transition to lower inequality at a critical temperature, accompanied by a sudden change in the distribution of the wealthy elite.

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