时间偏好、财富和效用不平等：微观经济相互作用和动态宏观经济模型连接方法
Time preference, wealth and utility inequality: A microeconomic interaction and dynamic macroeconomic model connection approach
摘要：
基于个人与他人的互动关系和社会规范，本研究揭示了时间偏好的异质性对财富分配和不平等的影响。我们提出了一种新的方法，将产生异质性的微观经济主体之间的相互作用与宏观经济模型中的资本和消费动态方程联系起来。使用这种方法，我们估计由于微观经济相互作用而导致的贴现率变化对资本、消费和效用的影响以及不平等程度。结果表明，消费方面与其他人的相互比较显着影响资本，即财富不平等。此外，对效用的影响永远不会小，社会规范可以减少这种影响。我们的支持证据表明，不平等计算的定量结果对应于队列和跨文化研究的调查数据。本研究的微观-宏观联系方法可以用于将微观经济相互作用，如交换，利息和债务，再分配，互助和时间偏好，与动态宏观经济模型联系起来。
英文摘要：
Based on interactions between individuals and others and references to social norms, this study reveals the impact of heterogeneity in time preference on wealth distribution and inequality. We present a novel approach that connects the interactions between microeconomic agents that generate heterogeneity to the dynamic equations for capital and consumption in macroeconomic models. Using this approach, we estimate the impact of changes in the discount rate due to microeconomic interactions on capital, consumption and utility and the degree of inequality. The results show that intercomparisons with others regarding consumption significantly affect capital, i.e. wealth inequality. Furthermore, the impact on utility is never small and social norms can reduce this impact. Our supporting evidence shows that the quantitative results of inequality calculations correspond to survey data from cohort and cross-cultural studies. This study's micro-macro connection approach can be deployed to connect microeconomic interactions, such as exchange, interest and debt, redistribution, mutual aid and time preference, to dynamic macroeconomic models.
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