Fourier-Mukai transforms and stable sheaves on Weierstrass elliptic surfaces
Wanmin Liu, Jason Lo, Cristian Martinez
备注：
45 pages. Exposition improved. This article significantly expands and supersedes arXiv:1710.04652. The notation and preliminaries also draw heavily from arXiv:1710.03771
On a Weierstraß elliptic surface $X$, we define a `limit' of Bridgeland stability conditions, denoted as $Z^l$-stability, by moving the polarisation towards the fiber direction in the ample cone while keeping the volume of the polarisation fixed. We describe conditions under which a slope stable torsion-free sheaf is taken by a Fourier-Mukai transform to a $Z^l$-stable object, and describe a modification upon which a $Z^l$-semistable object is taken by the inverse Fourier-Mukai transform to a slope semistable torsion-free sheaf. We also study wall-crossing for Bridgeland stability, and show that 1-dimensional twisted Gieseker semistable sheaves are taken by a Fourier-Mukai transform to Bridgeland semistable objects.
We study the group of relative Fourier-Mukai transforms for Weierstrass fibrations, abelian schemes and Fano or anti-Fano fibrations. For Weierstrass and Fano or anti-Fano fibrations we are able to describe this group completely. For abelian schemes over an arbitrary base we prove that if two of them are relative Fourier-Mukai partners then there is an isometric isomorphism between the fibre products of each of them and its dual abelian scheme. If the base is normal and the slope map is surjective we show that these two conditions are equivalent. Moreover in this situation we completely determ…
We focus on a class of Weierstrass elliptic threefolds that allows the base of the fibration to be a Fano surface or a numerically $K$-trivial surface. We define the notion of limit tilt stability, and show that the Fourier-Mukai transform of a slope stable torsion-free sheaf satisfying a vanishing condition in codimension 2 (e.g. a reflexive sheaf) is a limit tilt stable object. We also show that the inverse Fourier-Mukai transform of a limit tilt semistable object of nonzero fiber degree is a slope semistable torsion-free sheaf, up to modification in codimension 2.
This paper studies stable sheaves on abelian surfaces of Picard number one. Our main tools are semi-homogeneous sheaves and Fourier-Mukai transforms. We introduce the notion of semi-homogeneous presentation and investigate the behavior of stable sheaves under Fourier-Mukai transforms. As a consequence, an affirmative proof is given to the conjecture proposed by Mukai in the 1980s. This paper also includes an explicit description of the birational correspondence between the moduli spaces of stable sheaves and the Hilbert schemes.
On a Weierstraß elliptic surface $X$, we define a `limit' of Bridgeland stability conditions, denoted $Z^l$-stability, by varying the polarisation in the definition of Bridgeland stability along a curve in the ample cone of $X$. We show that a slope stable torsion-free sheaf of positive (twisted) degree or a slope stable locally free sheaf is taken by a Fourier-Mukai transform on $D^b(X)$ to a $Z^l$-stable object, while a $Z^l$-semistable object of nonzero fiber degree can be modified so that its inverse Fourier-Mukai transform is a slope semistable torsion-free sheaf.
We study perverse coherent sheaves on the resolution of rational double points. As examples, we consider rational double points on 2-dimensional moduli spaces of stable sheaves on K3 and elliptic surfaces. Then we show that perverse coherent sheaves appears in the theory of Fourier-Mukai transforms. As an application, we generalize the Fourier-Mukai duality for K3 surfaces to our situation.
Consider an ample and globally generated line bundle $L$ on a smooth projective variety $X$ of dimension $N\geq 2$ over $\mathbb{C}$. Let $D$ be a smooth divisor in the complete linear system of $L$. We construct reflexive sheaves on $X$ by an elementary transformation of a trivial bundle on $X$ along certain globally generated torsion-free sheaves on $D$. The dual reflexive sheaves are called the Lazarsfeld-Mukai reflexive sheaves. We prove the $μ_L$-(semi)stability of such reflexive sheaves under certain conditions.
Orlov's famous representability theorem asserts that any fully faithful exact functor between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties is a Fourier-Mukai functor. In this paper we show that this result is false without the full faithfulness hypothesis.
We completely describe all semi-stable torsion free sheaves of degree zero on nodal cubic curves using the technique of Fourier-Mukai transforms. The Fourier-Mukai images of such sheaves are torsion sheaves of finite length, which we compute explicitly. We show how to obtain an SL(2,Z)-action (up to shifts) on the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on any Weierstass cubic.
We study birational maps among 1) the moduli space of semistable torsion sheaves of Hilbert polynomial $4m+2$ on a smooth quadric surface, 2) the moduli space of semistable torsion sheaves of Hilbert polynomial $m^{2}+3m+2$ on $\mathbb{P}^{3}$, 3) Kontsevich's moduli space of genus zero stable maps of degree 2 to Grassmannian $Gr(2, 4)$. A regular birational morphism from 1) to 2) is described in terms of Fourier-Mukai transform. The map from 3) to 2) is Kirwan's partial desingularization. Also we investigate several geometric properties of 1) by using the variation of moduli spaces of stable …
We give some examples of isomorphisms of moduli of sheaves induced by Fourier-Mukai functor. As applications, we give another proof on deformation type of some moduli spaces of sheaves on abelian and K3 surfaces.
We systematically develop Bridgeland's and Bridgeland-Maciocia's techniques for studying elliptic fibrations, and identify criteria that ensure 2-term complexes are mapped to torsion-free sheaves under a Fourier-Mukai transform. As an application, we construct an open immersion from a moduli of stable complexes to a moduli of Gieseker stable sheaves on elliptic threefolds. As another application, we give various 1-1 correspondences between fiberwise semistable torsion-free sheaves and codimension-1 sheaves on Weierstrass surfaces.
A theorem by Orlov states that any equivalence between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves of two smooth projective varieties, X and Y, is isomorphic to a Fourier-Mukai transform with kernel in the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves of the product XxY. In the case of an exact functor which is not necessarily fully faithful, we compute some sheaves that play the role of the cohomology sheaves of the kernel, and that are isomorphic to the latter whenever an isomorphism to a Fourier-Mukai transform exists. We then exhibit a class of functors that are not full or faithful …
Due to a theorem by Orlov every exact fully faithful functor between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties is of Fourier-Mukai type. We extend this result to the case of bounded derived categories of twisted coherent sheaves and at the same time we weaken the hypotheses on the functor. As an application we get a complete description of the exact functors between the abelian categories of twisted coherent sheaves on smooth projective varieties.
On the product elliptic threefold $X = C \times S$ where $C$ is an elliptic curve and $S$ is a K3 surface of Picard rank 1, we define a notion of limit tilt stability, which satisfies the Harder-Narasimhan property. We show that under the Fourier-Mukai transform $Φ$ on $D^b(X)$ induced by the classical Fourier-Mukai transform on $D^b(C)$, a slope stable torsion-free sheaf satisfying a vanishing condition in codimension 2 (e.g. a reflexive sheaf) is taken to a limit tilt stable object. We also show that a limit tilt semistable object on $X$ is taken by $Φ$ to a slope semistable sheaf, up to mod…
This paper studies the action of the Fourier-Mukai transform on moduli spaces of vertical torsion sheaves on elliptic Calabi-Yau threefolds in Weierstrass form. Moduli stacks of semistable one dimensional sheaves on such threefolds are identified with open and closed substacksof moduli stacks of vertical semistable two dimensional sheaves on their Fourier-Mukai duals. In particular, this yields explicit conjectural results for Donaldson-Thomas invariants of vertical two dimensional sheaves on K3-fibered elliptic Calabi-Yau threefolds.
In this paper, we consider moduli spaces of stable sheaves on abelian surfaces. Our main assumption is the primitivity of the associated Mukai vector. We construct many isomorphisms of muduli spaces induced by Fourier-Mukai functor. As an application, we show that deformation type of these spaces are determined by their dimension. We next show that the fiber of the albanese map is irreducible symplectic manifolds In particular, we describe the period by using Mukai lattice. We also discuss deformation type of moduli spaces of stable sheaves on K3 surfaces.
In 1996, Rothstein and Laumon simultaneously constructed a Fourier-Mukai transform for D-modules over a locally noetherian base of characteristic 0. This functor induces an equivalence of categories between quasi-coherent sheaves of D-modules over an abelian variety A and quasicoherent sheaves of O-modules over its universal vectorial extension A. In this article, we define a Fourier-Mukai transform for D-modules on an abelian formal scheme A/S = Spf (V), where V is a discrete valuation ring, and we discuss the extension of the classical results of Fourier-Mukai transform to this arithmetic ca…
We apply the methods of C{ă}ld{ă}raru to construct a twisted Fourier-Mukai transform between a pair of holomorphic symplectic four-folds. More precisely, we obtain an equivalence between the derived category of coherent sheaves on a certain four-fold and the derived category of twisted sheaves on its `mirror' partner. As corollaries, we show that the two spaces are connected by a one-parameter family of deformations through Lagrangian fibrations, and we extend the original Fourier-Mukai transform to degenerations of abelian surfaces.
We use homological methods to establish a formal criterion for Generic Vanishing, in the sense originated by Green and Lazarsfeld and pursued further by Hacon and the first author, but in the context of an arbitrary Fourier-Mukai correspondence. For smooth projective varieties we apply this to deduce a Kodaira-type generic vanishing theorem for adjoint bundles of the form $K_X + L$ with $L$ a nef line bundle, and in fact a more general generic Nadel-type vanishing theorem for multiplier ideal sheaves. Still in the context of the Picard variety, the same method generates various other generic v…
We study twisted ideal sheaves of small length on an irreducible principally polarized abelian surface (T,l). Using Fourier-Mukai techniques we associate certain jumping schemes to such sheaves and completely classify such loci. We give examples of applications to the enumerative geometry of T and show that no smooth genus 5 curve on such a surface can contain a g^1_3. We also describe explicitly the singular divisors in the linear system |2l|.
In this paper we study deformation classes of moduli spaces of sheaves on a projective K3 surface. More precisely, let $(S1,H1)$ and $(S2,H2)$ be two polarized K3 surfaces, $m\in\mathbb{N}$, and for $i=1,2$ let $mv_{i}$ be a Mukai vector on $S_{i}$ such that $H_{i}$ is $mv_{i}-$generic. Moreover, suppose that the moduli spaces $M_{mv_{1}}(S_{1},H_{1})$ of $H_{1}-$semistable sheaves on $S_{1}$ of Mukai vector $mv_{1}$ and $M_{mv_{2}}(S_{2},H_{2})$ of $H_{2}-$semistable sheaves on $S_{2}$ with Mukai vector $mv_{2}$, have the same dimension. The aim of this paper is to prove that $M_{mv_{1}}(S_{1…
This work deals with an algebro-geometric theory of solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation based on torsion free coherent sheaves of Lie algebras on Weierstrass cubic curves.
We describe the birational correspondences, induced by the Fourier-Mukai functor, between moduli spaces of semistable sheaves on elliptic surfaces with sections, using the notion of $P$-stability in the derived category. We give explicit conditions to determine whether these correspondences are isomorphisms. This is indeed not true in general and we describe the cases where the birational maps are Mukai flops. Moreover, this construction provides examples of new compactifications of the moduli spaces of vector bundles via sheaves with torsion and via complexes. We finally get for any fixed dim…
We consider elliptic fibrations with arbitrary base dimensions, and generalise previous work by the second author. In particular, we check universal closedness for the moduli of semistable objects with respect to a polynomial stability that reduces to PT-stability on threefolds. We also show openness of this polynomial stability. On the other hand, we write down criteria under which certain 2-term polynomial semistable complexes are mapped to torsion-free semistable sheaves under a Fourier-Mukai transform. As an application, we construct an open immersion from a moduli of complexes to a moduli…
Bridgeland stability condition is preserved under the Fourier-Mukai transform by its definition. We explain the relation with Gieseker stability. By studying the wall-crossing behavior, we reprove that the moduli spaces of stable sheaves on abelian surfaces are birationally equivalent, if the associated Mukai vectors are related by isometries of the Mukai lattice.
We prove that a coherent DQ-kernel induces an equivalence between the derived categories of DQ-modules with coherent cohomology if and only if the graded commutative kernel associated to it induces an equivalence between the derived categories of coherent sheaves.
Let $X$ be a complex torus of dimension $g$ and $\hat{X}$ be the dual torus. For any $g(g-1)/2$-tuple $λ$ of complex numbers of absolute value $1$, we define a non-commutative complex torus $X_λ$ as a sheaf of algebras on a real torus of dimension $g$. We prove that if all components of $λ$ are roots of unity, then the category of coherent sheaves on $X_λ$ is abelian and derived-equivalent to the category of coherent sheaves on $\hat{X}$ twisted by an element of the Brauer group of $\hat{X}$ determined by $λ$.
Components of the Moduli space of sheaves on a K3 surface are parametrized by a lattice; the (algebraic) Mukai lattice. Isometries of the Mukai lattice often lift to symplectic birational isomorphisms of the collection of components. An example of such a birational isomorphism is the Abel-Jacobi map relating the Hilbert scheme of g points on a K3 of degree 2g-2 to an integrable system: the union of Jacobians of hyperplane sections (curves) of genus g. The main results are: 1) We construct a stratified version of a Mukai elementary transformation modeled after dual pairs of Springer resolutions…
Periods of moduli spaces of stable sheaves on K3 surfaces were computed by Mukai, O'Grady and the author. In this paper, we shall treat moduli spaces of stable sheaves on abelian surfaces.
This paper surveys some recent results about Fourier--Mukai functors. In particular, given an exact functor between the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on two smooth projective varieties, we deal with the question whether this functor is of Fourier--Mukai type. Several related questions are answered and many open problems are stated.
We introduce and study kernel algebras, i.e., algebras in the category of sheaves on a square of a scheme, where the latter category is equipped with a monoidal structure via a natural convolution operation. We show that many interesting categories, such as D-modules, equivariant sheaves and their twisted versions, arise as categories of modules over kernel algebras. We develop the techniques of constructing derived equivalences between these module categories. As one application we generalize the results of math.AG/9901009 concerning modules over algebras of twisted differential operators on …
We prove that the kernels of Fourier-Mukai functors are not unique in general. On the other hand we show that the cohomology sheaves of those kernels are unique. We also discuss several properties of the functor sending an object in the derived category of the product of two smooth projective schemes to the corresponding Fourier-Mukai functor.
In this paper we study the second integral cohomology of moduli spaces of semistable sheaves on projective K3 surfaces. If $S$ is a projective K3 surface, $v$ a Mukai vector and $H$ a $v-$generic polarization on $S$, we show that $H^{2}(M_{v},\mathbb{Z})$ is a free $\mathbb{Z}-$module of rank 23 carrying a pure weight-two Hodge structure and a lattice structure, with respect to which $H^{2}(M_{v},\mathbb{Z})$ is Hodge isometric to the Hodge sublattice $v^{\perp}$ of the Mukai lattice of $S$. Similar results are proved for Abelian surfaces.
We realize explicit symmetries of Bridgeland stability conditions on any abelian threefold given by Fourier-Mukai transforms. In particular, we extend the previous joint work with Maciocia to study the slope and tilt stabilities of sheaves and complexes under the Fourier-Mukai transforms, and then to show that certain Fourier-Mukai transforms give equivalences of the stability condition hearts of bounded t-structures which are double tilts of coherent sheaves. Consequently, we show that the conjectural construction proposed by Bayer, Macri and Toda gives rise to Bridgeland stability conditions…
Given a non-singular variety with a K3 fibration f : X --> S we construct dual fibrations Y --> S by replacing each fibre X_s of f by a two-dimensional moduli space of stable sheaves on X_s. In certain cases we prove that the resulting scheme Y is a non-singular variety and construct an equivalence of derived categories of coherent sheaves Φ: D(Y) --> D(X). Our methods also apply to elliptic and abelian surface fibrations. As an application we show how the equivalences Φidentify certain moduli spaces of stable bundles on elliptic threefolds with Hilbert schemes of curves.
We propose a slightly modified definition for the Fourier-Mukai transform (on abelian varieties) that makes it much easier to remember various formulas. As an application, we give relatively short proofs for two important theorems: the characterization of GV-sheaves in terms of vanishing, due to Hacon; and fact that M-regularity implies (continuous) global generation, due to Pareschi and Popa.
The aim of this paper is twofold: First we give an explicit construction of the infinitesimal deformations of the category Coh(X) of coherent sheaves on a smooth projective variety X. Secondly we show that any Fourier-Mukai transform $/Phi/colon D^b(X)/to D^b(Y)$ extends to an equivalence between the derived categories of the deformed Abelian categories.
We use A_{infinity}-formalism to study variation of cohomology spaces under formal deformations of coherent sheaves on projective varieties. As an application we describe formal neighborhoods of twisted Brill-Noether loci at some points. Another application is a computation of the Fourier-Mukai transform of some natural line bundles on symmetric powers of a curve.
Let C be small category and A an arbitrary category. Consider the category C(A) whose objects are functors from C to A, and whose morphisms are natural transformations. Given a functor F : A --> B one obtains an induced functor F_C : C(A) --> C(B) . If A and B are abelian categories, we have that C(A) and C(B) are also abelian, and one has two functors R(F_C) : D(C(A)) --> D(C(B)) and (RF)_ C : C(D(A)) --> C(D (B)). The goals of this paper are: 1) to find a relationship between D (C(A)) and C(D(A)); 2) to relate the functors R(F_C) and (RF)_C. As an application, we prove a version of Mukai's T…
In this article, we prove that a tame twisted K3 surface over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic has only finitely many tame twisted Fourier-Mukai partners and we give a counting formula in case we have an ordinary tame untwisted K3 surface. We also show that every tame twisted Fourier Mukai partner of a K3 surface of finite height is a moduli space of twisted sheaves over it.
Let $X$ and $Y$ be smooth projective varieties over $\C$. We say that $X$ and $Y$ are \emph{D-equivalent} (or, $X$ is a \emph{Fourier--Mukai partner} of $Y$) if their derived categories of bounded complexes of coherent sheaves are equivalent as triangulated categories. The aim of this short note is to find an example of mutually D-equivalent but not isomorphic relatively minimal elliptic surfaces.
We study wall-crossing for the Beauville-Mukai system of rank three on a general genus two K3 surface. We show that such a system is related to the Hilbert scheme of ten points on the surface by a sequence of flops, whose exceptional loci can be described as Brill-Noether loci. We also obtain Brill-Noether type results for sheaves in the Beauville-Mukai system.
This is a survey of M-regularity for coherent sheaves on abelian varieties and its applications, based on lectures given by the second author at the Seattle conference, in August 2005, and at the Luminy GAC workshop in October 2005. Section 3 contains some brief indications of upcoming work.
Let G be a finite group of automorphisms of a nonsingular complex threefold M such that the canonical bundle omega_M is locally trivial as a G-sheaf. We prove that the Hilbert scheme Y=GHilb M parametrising G-clusters in M is a crepant resolution of X=M/G and that there is a derived equivalence (Fourier- Mukai transform) between coherent sheaves on Y and coherent G-sheaves on M. This identifies the K theory of Y with the equivariant K theory of M, and thus generalises the classical McKay correspondence. Some higher dimensional extensions are possible.
We present a method based on mutations of helices which leads to the construction (in the large volume limit) of exceptional coherent sheaves associated with the $(\sum_al_a=0)$ orbits in Gepner models. This is explicitly verified for a few examples including some cases where the ambient weighted projective space has singularities not inherited by the Calabi-Yau hypersurface. The method is based on two conjectures which lead to the analog,in the general case, of the Beilinson quiver for $\BP^n$. We discuss how one recovers the McKay quiver using the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) near the or…
This paper studies deformations and birational maps between singular moduli spaces of semistable sheaves with 2-divisible Mukai vectors on K3 surfaces. It is showed that under certain conditions, two such moduli spaces of the same dimension can be connected by deformations and birational maps.
We give a construction of NC-smooth thickenings (a notion defined by Kapranov in math/9802041) of a smooth variety equipped with a torsion free connection. We show that a twisted version of this construction realizes all NC-smooth thickenings as 0th cohomology of a differential graded sheaf of algebras, similarly to Fedosov's construction in \cite{Fed}. We use this dg resolution to construct and study sheaves on NC-smooth thickenings. In particular, we construct an NC version of the Fourier-Mukai transform from coherent sheaves on a (commutative) curve to perfect complexes on the canonical NC-…
We study relative Fourier-Mukai transforms on genus one fibrations with section, allowing explicitly the total space of the fibration to be singular and non-projective. Grothendieck duality is used to prove a skew-commutativity relation between this equivalence of categories and certain duality functors. We use our results to explicitly construct examples of semi-stable sheaves on degenerating families of elliptic curves.
We prove that the weight-two Hodge structure of moduli spaces of torsion-free sheaves on a K3 surface is as described by Mukai (the rank is arbitrary but we assume the first Chern class is primitive). We prove the moduli space is an irreducible symplectic variety (by Mukai's work it was known to be symplectic). By work of Beauville, this implies that its $H^2$ has a canonical integral non-degenrate quadratic form; Mukai's recepee for $H^2$ includes a description of Beauville's quadratic form. As an application we compute higher-rank Donaldson polynomials of $K3$ surfaces.
We present a novel notion of stable objects in a triangulated category. This Postnikov-stability is preserved by equivalences. We show that for the derived category of a projective variety this notion includes the case of semistable sheaves. As one application we compactify a moduli space of stable bundles using genuine complexes via Fourier-Mukai transforms.
We show that the construction of Bayer, Bertram, Macri and Toda gives rise to a Bridgeland stability condition on a principally polarized abelian threefold with Picard rank one by establishing their conjectural generalized Bogomolov-Gieseker inequality for certain tilt stable objects. We do this by proving that a suitable Fourier-Mukai transform preserves the heart of a particular conjectural stability condition. We also show that the only reflexive sheaves with zero first and second Chern classes are the flat line bundles.
We characterize the subscheme of the moduli space of torsion-free sheaves on an elliptic surface which are stable of relative degree zeero (with respect to a polarization of type aH+bf, H being the section and f the elliptic fibre) which is isomorphic, via the relative Fourier-Mukai transform, with the relative compactified Simpson Jacobian of the family of those curves D in the surface which are flat over the base of the elliptic fibration. This generalizes and completes earlier constructions due to Friedman, Morgan and Witten. We also study the relative moduli scheme of sheaves whose restric…
In analogy to the case of cubic fourfolds, we discuss the conditions under which the double cover $\tilde{Y}_A$ of the EPW sextic hypersurface associated to a Gushel-Mukai fourfold is birationally equivalent to a moduli space of (twisted) stable sheaves on a K3 surface. In particular, we prove that $\tilde{Y}_A$ is birational to the Hilbert scheme of two points on a K3 surface if and only if the Gushel-Mukai fourfold is Hodge-special with discriminant $d$ such that the negative Pell equation $\mathcal{P}_{d/2}(-1)$ is solvable in $\mathbb{Z}$.
