arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1907.00538eess.SPcs.ITmath.IT
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毫米波MIMO跟踪系统的波束分配

Beam Allocation for Millimeter-Wave MIMO Tracking Systems

Deyou Zhang, Ang Li, He Chen, Ning Wei, Ming Ding, Yonghui Li, Branka Vucetic

摘要:

针对时变毫米波MIMO系统,提出了一种新的波束分配策略,旨在最大化系统的平均成功跟踪概率(ASTP)。在大多数现有的作品,采用一个发射-接收(Tx-Rx)波束对一次,只有在每个训练周期,我们调查一个更一般的框架,其中的Tx-Rx波束对被允许重复使用,以提高在特定方向上的接收信号功率。在正交Tx-Rx波束对的情况下,采用基于功率的估计器来跟踪信道的时变AoA和AoD,并且所得到的训练波束对序列设计问题被公式化为整数非线性规划(I-NLP)问题。通过将可行域划分为一组子区域,将I-NLP分解为一系列凹子I-NLP,可以通过递归调用非线性分支定界算法来求解。为了减少计算量,我们放松了每个子I-NLP的整数约束,并通过求解其放松问题的Karush-Kuhn-Tucker条件来获得低复杂度的解.对于Tx-Rx波束对在角空间中重叠的情况,我们通过正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法估计更新的AoA和AoD。此外,由于没有明确的表达式为ASTP存在基于OMP的估计,我们推导出一个封闭形式的下界的ASTP,基于此可以获得一个有利的波束对分配策略。数值结果表明,所提出的波束分配策略优于现有的基准。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we propose a new beam allocation strategy aiming to maximize the average successful tracking probability (ASTP) of time-varying millimeter-wave MIMO systems. In contrast to most existing works that employ one transmitting-receiving (Tx-Rx) beam pair once only in each training period, we investigate a more general framework, where the Tx-Rx beam pairs are allowed to be used repeatedly to improve the received signal powers in specific directions. In the case of orthogonal Tx-Rx beam pairs, a power-based estimator is employed to track the time-varying AoA and AoD of the channel, and the resulting training beam pair sequence design problem is formulated as an integer nonlinear programming (I-NLP) problem. By dividing the feasible region into a set of subregions, the formulated I-NLP is decomposed into a series of concave sub I-NLPs, which can be solved by recursively invoking a nonlinear branch-and-bound algorithm. To reduce the computational cost, we relax the integer constraints of each sub I-NLP and obtain a low-complexity solution via solving the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions of their relaxed problems. For the case when the Tx-Rx beam pairs are overlapped in the angular space, we estimate the updated AoA and AoD via an orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm. Moreover, since no explicit expression for the ASTP exists for the OMP-based estimator, we derive a closed-form lower bound of the ASTP, based on which a favorable beam pair allocation strategy can be obtained. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed beam allocation strategy over existing benchmarks.

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