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arXiv 1607.05982cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.other
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实空间中的手征反常

The chiral anomaly in real space

Christoph Fleckenstein, Niccolò Traverso Ziani, Björn Trauzettel

摘要:

手征反常是基于非守恒的手征电荷,并且可以在外部电磁场的影响下发生在狄拉克费米子系统中。在这种情况下,频谱流导致从右向左移动激励的转移,反之亦然。相应的手征粒子转移发生在动量空间。在这里,我们描述了一个有趣的方式来引入手征异常到真实的空间。我们的系统由两个量子点组成,这两个量子点是在三个磁性杂质的基础上形成在量子自旋霍尔绝缘体的螺旋边缘。这样的设置引起分数电荷,我们证明是尖锐的量子数大的势垒强度。有趣的是,有可能将系统映射到量子自旋霍尔环上,其中存在穿过环的磁通量,其中杂质的磁化方向之间的相对角度起磁通量的作用。然后,该系统中的手性异常与两个量子点中粒子的过量占据直接相关。这个类比使我们能够预测在真实空间中手征反常的可观测结果。

英文摘要:

The chiral anomaly is based on a non-conserved chiral charge and can happen in Dirac fermion systems under the influence of external electromagnetic fields. In this case, the spectral flow leads to a transfer of right- to left-moving excitations or vice versa. The corresponding transfer of chiral particles happens in momentum space. We here describe an intriguing way to introduce the chiral anomaly into real space. Our system consists of two quantum dots that are formed at the helical edge of a quantum spin Hall insulator on the basis of three magnetic impurities. Such a setup gives rise to fractional charges which we show to be sharp quantum numbers for large barrier strength. Interestingly, it is possible to map the system onto a quantum spin Hall ring in the presence of a flux pierced through the ring where the relative angle between the magnetization directions of the impurities takes the role of the flux. The chiral anomaly in this system is then directly related to the excess occupation of particles in the two quantum dots. This analogy allows us to predict an observable consequence of the chiral anomaly in real space.

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