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arXiv 1604.01435cs.GT
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不可分任务和物品最大-最小份额分配的近似算法

Approximation Algorithms for Max-Min Share Allocations of Indivisible Chores and Goods

Haris Aziz, Gerhard Rauchecker, Guido Schryen, Toby Walsh

摘要:

我们认为最大最小份额(MmS)的项目分配的情况下,项目是商品(正效用),当他们是家务(负效用)。我们表明,公平分配的货物和家务有一些基本的联系,但也有差异。我们证明,就像在商品的情况下,MmS分配不需要存在的家务和计算MmS分配-如果它存在-是强NP-难的。鉴于这些不存在和复杂的结果,我们提出了一个多项式时间的2-近似算法MmS公平家务。然后,我们引入了一个新的公平性的概念,称为最佳MMS,代表最好的可能的分配MMS保证存在。对于货物和杂务,我们使用连接到并行机调度给出(1)一个指数时间精确算法和(2)一个多项式时间近似计划计算的最佳MmS分配时,代理的数量是固定的。

英文摘要:

We consider Max-min Share (MmS) allocations of items both in the case where items are goods (positive utility) and when they are chores (negative utility). We show that fair allocations of goods and chores have some fundamental connections but differences as well. We prove that like in the case for goods, an MmS allocation does not need to exist for chores and computing an MmS allocation - if it exists - is strongly NP-hard. In view of these non-existence and complexity results, we present a polynomial-time 2-approximation algorithm for MmS fairness for chores. We then introduce a new fairness concept called optimal MmS that represents the best possible allocation in terms of MmS that is guaranteed to exist. For both goods and chores, we use connections to parallel machine scheduling to give (1) an exponential-time exact algorithm and (2) a polynomial-time approximation scheme for computing an optimal MmS allocation when the number of agents is fixed.

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