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arXiv 1401.2707math.COmath.PR
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周期因素与更新理论

Cycle factors and renewal theory

Jeff Kahn, Eyal Lubetzky, Nicholas Wormald

摘要:

对于$k$的哪些值,$3$正则图$G$在$n$顶点上通常包含$ n/k$顶点不相交的$k$ -圈(一个$k$ -圈因子)?迄今为止,这一问题已经在$k=n$和$k \ll \log n$中得到了解答。前者,即汉密尔顿性问题,最终由Robinson和Wormald在1992年给出了肯定的答案,而后者的答案是否定的,因为大多数顶点很有可能不位于$k$ -循环上。这里我们完全解决了这个问题:如上所述,$G$中$k$ -循环因子的阈值是$κ_0 \log_2 n$和$κ_0=[1-\frac12\log_2 3]^{-1}\approx 4.82$。准确地说,我们证明了一个2点浓度结果:如果$k \geq κ_0 \log_2(2n/e)$可分$n$,则$G$包含一个$k$ -循环因子w. h. p.,而如果是$k<κ_0\log_2(2n/e)-\frac{\log^2 n}n$,则w. h. p.不是。作为一个副产品,我们确认了“梳状猜想”,一个老问题,关于嵌入某些生成树的随机图$G(n,p)$。证明遵循小子图条件框架,但相关的二阶矩分析在这里是更微妙的比在任何早期使用这种方法,并涉及几个新的功能,其中一个尖锐的估计尾部概率更新过程中没有更换可能是独立的利益。

英文摘要:

For which values of $k$ does a uniformly chosen $3$-regular graph $G$ on $n$ vertices typically contain $ n/k$ vertex-disjoint $k$-cycles (a $k$-cycle factor)? To date, this has been answered for $k=n$ and for $k \ll \log n$; the former, the Hamiltonicity problem, was finally answered in the affirmative by Robinson and Wormald in 1992, while the answer in the latter case is negative since with high probability most vertices do not lie on $k$-cycles. Here we settle the problem completely: the threshold for a $k$-cycle factor in $G$ as above is $κ_0 \log_2 n$ with $κ_0=[1-\frac12\log_2 3]^{-1}\approx 4.82$. Precisely, we prove a 2-point concentration result: if $k \geq κ_0 \log_2(2n/e)$ divides $n$ then $G$ contains a $k$-cycle factor w.h.p., whereas if $k<κ_0\log_2(2n/e)-\frac{\log^2 n}n$ then w.h.p. it does not. As a byproduct, we confirm the "Comb Conjecture," an old problem concerning the embedding of certain spanning trees in the random graph $G(n,p)$. The proof follows the small subgraph conditioning framework, but the associated second moment analysis here is far more delicate than in any earlier use of this method and involves several novel features, among them a sharp estimate for tail probabilities in renewal processes without replacement which may be of independent interest.

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