Cremona groups of real surfaces
Jérémy Blanc, Frédéric Mangolte
本文为实Cremona群Bir_R(P^2)的自然子群提供显式生成元，完善并统一了以往结果。
我们给出了实Cremona群Bir_R(P^2)的若干自然子群的一个显式生成元集合。这完善并统一了先前多位作者的结果。
We give an explicit set of generators for various natural subgroups of the real Cremona group Bir_R(P^2). This completes and unifies former results by several authors.
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We discuss Luigi Cremona's contribution to the early development of the theory of cubic surfaces.
Two birational projective varieties in $P^n$ are Cremona Equivalent if there is a birational modification of $P^n$ mapping one onto the other. The minimal Cremona degree of $X\subset P^n$ is the minimal integer among all degrees of varieties that are Cremona Equivalent to $X$. The Cremona Equivalence and the minimal Cremona degree is well understood for subvarieties of codimension at least $2$ while both are in general very subtle questions for divisors. In this note I compute the minimal Cremona degree of quartic surfaces in $P^3$. This allows me to show that any quartic surface of elliptic r…
This is a continuation of [Og12], concerning automorphisms of smooth quartic K3 surfaces and birational automorphisms of ambient projective three spaces.
We prove that there is a smooth quartic K3 surface automorphism that is not derived from the Cremona transformation of the ambient three-dimensional projective space. This gives a negative answer to a question of Professor Marat Giz.atullin
We exhibit a Cremona transformation of ${\bf P}^4$ such that the base loci of the map and its inverse are birational to K3 surfaces. The two K3 surfaces are derived equivalent but not isomorphic to each other. As an application, we show that the difference of the two K3 surfaces annihilates the class of the affine line in the Grothendieck ring of varieties.
We show that there is a pair of smooth complex quartic K3 surfaces $S_1$ and $S_2$ in ${\mathbf P}^3$ such that $S_1$ and $S_2$ are isomorphic as abstract varieties but not Cremona isomorphic. We also show, in a geometrically explicit way, that there is a pair of smooth complex quartic K3 surfaces $S_1$ and $S_2$ in ${\mathbf P}^3$ such that $S_1$ and $S_2$ are Cremona isomorphic, but not projectively isomorphic. This work is much motivated by several e-mails from Professors Tuyen Truong and János Kollár.
Automorphisms of quartic surfaces and Cremona transformations
本文研究光滑四次曲面自同构是否由Cremona变换诱导，在ρ(S)=2时给出初步步骤，构造反例否定Oguiso问题。
We classify all finite subgroups of the plane Cremona group which have a fixed point. In other words, we determine all rational surfaces X with an action of a finite group G such that X is equivariantly birational to a surface which has a G-fixed point.
Monoidal and submonoidal surfaces, and Cremona transformations
本文研究 P³ 中含高重数直线的 monoidal 与 submonoidal 曲面，将其联系到直线汇和 Cremona 变换，并以现代方法重证经典结果，进而推广到任意维超曲面。
Two birational subvarieties of P^n are called Cremona equivalent if there is a Cremona modification of P^n mapping one to the other. If the codimension of the varieties is at least 2 then they are always Cremona Equivalent. For divisors the question is much more subtle and a general answer is unknown. In this paper I study the case of rational quartic surfaces and prove that they are all Cremona equivalent to a plane.
Cremona equivalence and log Kodaira dimension
本文研究了Cremona等价与log Kodaira维度的关系，发现一个有理曲面在项目空间中具有负log Kodaira维度但不与平面Cremona等价，展示了log版本的Castelnuovo理性准则不成立。
A Cremona transformation is a birational self-map of the projective space $ \mathbb{P}^{n} $. Cremona transformations of $ \mathbb{P}^{n} $ form a group and this group has a rational action on subvarieties of $ \mathbb{P}^{n} $ and hence on its Hilbert scheme. We study this action on the family of rational curves of $ \mathbb{P}^{3} $ and we prove the rectifiability of any one dimensional family. This shows that any uniruled surface is Cremona equivalent to a scroll and it answers a question of Bogomolov-Böhning related to the study of uniformly rational varieties. We provide examples of infin…
This article shows that the Cremona group is compactly presentable. To prove this we show that it is a generalised amalgamated product of three of its algebraic subgroups (automorphisms of the plane and Hirzebruch surfaces) divided by one relation.
We show that the real Cremona group of the plane is a non-trivial amalgam of two groups amalgamated along their intersection and give an alternative proof of its abelianisation.
We give the classification of the maximal infinite algebraic subgroups of the real Cremona group of the plane up to conjugacy and present a parametrisation space of each conjugacy class. Moreover, we show that the real plane Cremona group is not generated by a countable union of its infinite algebraic subgroups.
We study automorphism groups of real del Pezzo surfaces, concentrating on finite groups acting minimally on them. As a result, we obtain a vast part of classification of finite subgroups in the real plane Cremona group.
We present the abelianisation of the birational transformations of the real projective plane.
Jordan constant for Cremona group of rank 2 over a finite field
本文确定了所有有限域上秩 2 的 Cremona 群的 Jordan 常数精确值，并构造了 $\mathbb{F}_2$ 上具有最大自同构群 $\mathrm{S}_6$ 的正则作用的三次曲面，且证明了其唯一性。
In this note we observe that the Cremona transformation in Oguiso's example of Cremona isomorphic but not projectively equivalent quartic K3 surfaces in three-dimensional projective space is the classical cubo-cubic transformation.
We show that the action of Cremona transformations on the real points of quadrics exhibits the full complexity of the diffeomorphisms of the sphere, the torus, and of all non-orientable surfaces. The main result says that if X is rational, then Aut(X), the group of algebraic automorphisms, is dense in Diff(X), the group of self-diffeomorphisms of X.
This article gives the proof of results announced in [J. Blanc, Finite Abelian subgroups of the Cremona group of the plane, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Sér. I 344 (2007), 21-26.] and some description of automorphisms of rational surfaces. Given a finite Abelian subgroup of the Cremona group of the plane, we provide a way to decide whether it is birationally conjugate to a group of automorphisms of a minimal surface. In particular, we prove that a finite cyclic group of birational transformations of the plane is linearisable if and only if none of its non-trivial elements fix a curve of positive gen…
We consider countably many three dimensional $\mathtt{PSL}_2(\mathbb{F}_7)$-del Pezzo surface fibrations over $\mathbb{P}^1$. Conjecturally they are all irrational except two families, one of which is the product of a del Pezzo surface with $\mathbb{P}^1$. We show that the other model is $\mathtt{PSL}_2(\mathbb{F}_7)$-equivariantly birational to $\mathbb{P}^2\times\mathbb{P}^1$. Based on a result of Prokhorov, we show that they are non-conjugate as subgroups of the Cremona group $\mathtt{Cr}_3(\mathbb{C})$.
We give a method for constructing many examples of automorphisms with positive entropy on rational complex surfaces. The general idea is to begin with a quadratic Cremona transformation that fixes a reduced cubic curve and then use the group structure on the cubic to understand when the indeterminacy and exceptional behavior of the transformation may be eliminated by repeated blowing up.
We study the action of the Klein simple group G consisting of 168 elements on two rational threefolds: the three-dimensional projective space and a smooth Fano threefold X of anticanonical degree 22 and index 1. We show that the Cremona group of rank three has at least three non-conjugate subgroups isomorphic to G. As a by-product, we prove that X admits a Kahler-Einstein metric, and we construct a smooth polarized K3 surface of degree 22 with an action of the group G.
Birational maps of Severi-Brauer surfaces, with applications to Cremona groups of higher rank
本研究通过刻画非平凡Severi-Brauer曲面的双有理变换群性质，推导得出秩≥4的Cremona群的商群结构、生成元性质、Hopfian性质及3-挠元不可数等关键群论结论。
Simple subgroups of the real space Cremona group
本文研究实三维射影空间双有理自映射群的有限非交换单子群，证明其中仅存在交错群$\mathfrak{A}_5$与$\mathfrak{A}_6$两类。
An equivariant stable birational invariant of an action of a finite group on a smooth projective variety is the first cohomology group of the Picard module. Bogomolov-Prokhorov and Shinder computed this for actions of cyclic groups on rational surfaces, with maximal stabilizers, in terms of the geometry of the fixed point locus. Using the Brauer group of the quotient stack, we extend the computation to more general actions and relate it to the equivariant Burnside group formalism.
In this paper we consider the birational classification of pairs (S,L), with S a rational surfaces and L a linear system on S. We give a classification theorem for such pairs and we determine, for each irreducible plane curve B, its "Cremona minimal" models, i.e. those plane curves which are equivalent to B via a Cremona transformation, and have minimal degree under this condition.
We recall some properties, unfortunately not all, of the Cremona group. We first begin by presenting a nice proof of the amalgamated product structure of the well-known subgroup of the Cremona group made up of the polynomial automorphisms of $\mathbb{C}^2$. Then we deal with the classification of birational maps and some applications (Tits alternative, non-simplicity...) Since any birational map can be written as a composition of quadratic birational maps up to an automorphism of the complex projective plane, we spend time on these special maps. Some questions of group theory are evoked: the c…
Two infinite families of Cremona maps depending on one real parameter are given. For all integers $n \ge 1$ the first family of Cremona maps consists of group elements in $Bir \left( \mathbb{P}^{n} \right)$ with bidegree $(n, n)$, the second family of Cremona maps consists of group elements in $Bir \left( \mathbb{P}^{2n} \right)$ with bidegree $(2 n, 2 n)$. For the first family and $n \ge 5$, for the second family and $n \ge 3$ the existence of this group elements and the properties depend on a conjecture. But computational results suggest that the conjecture is true for all $n$.
In this paper we describe conjugacy classes of finite subgroups of odd order in the group of birational automorphisms of the real projective plane.
$p$-elementary non-cyclic subgroups of the Cremona group of the plane
研究平面克雷莫纳群中同构于\((\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^r\)（\(p\)素数，\(r \geq 2\)）的子群，在特定代数闭域上进行共轭分类，给出代表列表和共轭性研究，还给出特征等于\(p\)时的相关结果。
Geometric and dynamic properties of embeddings of SL(2,Z) into the Cremona group are studied. Infinitely many non-conjugate embeddings which preserve the type (i.e. which send elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic elements onto elements of the same type) are provided. The existence of infinitely many non-conjugate elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic embeddings is also shown. In particular, a group G of automorphisms of a smooth surface S obtained by blowing-up 10 points of the complex projective plane is given. The group G is isomorphic to SL(2,Z), preserves an elliptic curve and all its elements …
Generalizing a classical theorem of Carlson and Toledo, we prove that any Zariski dense isometric action of a Kähler group on the real hyperbolic space of dimension at least 3 factors through a homomorphism onto a cocompact discrete subgroup of PSL(2,R). We also study actions of Kähler groups on infinite dimensional real hyperbolic spaces, describe some exotic actions of PSL(2,R) on these spaces, and give an application to the study of the Cremona group.
Since the classification of discrete Painlevé equations in terms of rational surfaces, there has been much interest in the range of integrable equations arising from each of the 22 surface types in Sakai's list. For all but the most degenerate type in the list, the surfaces come in families which admit affine Weyl groups of symmetries. Translation elements of this symmetry group define discrete Painlevé equations with the same number of parameters as their family of surfaces. While non-translation elements of the symmetry group have been observed to correspond to discrete systems of Painlevé-t…
We show that plane Cremona groups over finite fields embed as dense subgroups into Neretin groups, i.e. groups of almost automorphisms of rooted trees. We also show that if the finite base field has even characteristic and contains at least 4 elements, then the permutations induced by birational transformations on rational points of regular projective surfaces are even. In a second part, we construct explicit locally compact CAT(0) cube complexes, on which Neretin groups act properly. This allows us to recover in a unified way various results on Neretin groups such as that they are of type $F_…
We present some (unfortunately not all) known properties on the Cremona group; when it's possible we mentioned links with the most known group of polynomial automorphisms of the affine plane. The mentioned properties are essentially algebraic properties: generators, relations, finite subgroups, subgroups of finite type, automorphisms of the Cremona group, Tits alternative... but also dynamical properties: classification of birational maps, centralizer, dynamic of an Heisenberg subgroup... We deal with the construction of entropic automorphisms on rational surfaces.
A theoretical foundation for a generalization of the elliptic difference Painlevé equation to higher dimensions is provided in the framework of birational Weyl group action on the space of point configurations in general position in a projective space. By introducing an elliptic parametrization of point configurations, a realization of the Weyl group is proposed as a group of Cremona transformations containing elliptic functions in the coefficients. For this elliptic Cremona system, a theory of $τ$-functions is developed to translate it into a system of bilinear equations of Hirota-Miwa type f…
Finite subgroups of maximal order of the Cremona group over the rationals
本文研究了有理数域上Cremona群的有限子群，给出了最大阶的界，并描述了锥面束和Del Pezzo表面的自同构子群。
The Jordan constant for Cremona group of rank 2
该研究计算了特征0代数闭域、实数域、有理数域上射影平面双有理自同构群（秩2 Cremona群）的Jordan常数。
This work presents the conjugacy classes of finite abelian subgroups of the Cremona group of the plane. Using a well-known theory, this problem amounts to the study of automorphism groups of some Del Pezzo surfaces and conic bundles. We have thus to enumerate all the cases, which gives a long description, and then to show whether two cases are distinct or not, using some conjugacy invariants. For example, we use the non-rational curves fixed by one element of the group, and the action of the whole group on these curves. From this classification, we deduce a sequence of more general results on …
For a complex smooth projective surface $M$ with an action of a finite cyclic group $G$ we give a uniform proof of the isomorphism between the invariant $H^1(G, H^2(M, {\mathbb Z}))$ and the first cohomology of the divisors fixed by the action, using $G$-equivariant cohomology. This generalizes the main result of Bogomolov and Prokhorov "On stable conjugacy of finite subgroups of the plane Cremona group, I".
Linearization of finite subgroups of Cremona groups over non-closed fields
研究全局域上Cremona群有限子群的线性化性质，构造了在整体域上非k-线性化但在所有位点k_v-线性化的双有理对合，主要工具是推广Manin-Voskresenskiı和Bogomolov-Prokhorov的不变量。
On cube and Cremona rigidity for higher-rank lattices
研究实秩至少为2的半单李群中不可约格在CAT(0)立方体复形上的作用，通过证明上同调消失结果及利用超刚性等方法，得出相关作用可正则性的结论，绕过对FW性质的直接使用。
Let $S$ be the (minimal) Enriques surface obtained from the symmetric quartic surface $(\sum_{i<j}x_ix_j)^2=kx_1x_2x_3x_4$ in $\mathbb{P}^3$ with $k\neq 0,4,36$, by taking quotient of the Cremona action $(x_i) \mapsto (1/x_i)$. The automorphism group of $S$ is a semi-direct product of a free product $\mathcal{F}$ of four involutions and the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_4$. Up to action of $\mathcal{F}$, there are exactly $29$ elliptic pencils on $S$.
Automorphisms of surfaces over fields of positive characteristic
该研究从Jordan与$p$-Jordan性质角度探究正特征域上代数簇的自同构群，证明了秩2Cremona群的$p$-Jordan性、代数曲面双有理自同构群的幂零$p$-Jordan性，以及非负Kodaira维数光滑射影簇自同构群的Jordan性。
In this paper we prove that if two normal affine surfaces $S$ and $S'$ have isomorphic automorphism groups, then every connected algebraic group acting regularly and faithfully on $S$ acts also regularly and faithfully on $S'$. Moreover, if $S$ is non-toric, we show that the dynamical type of a 1-torus action is preserved in presence of an additive group action. We also show that complex affine toric surfaces are determined by the abstract group structure of their regular automorphism groups in the category of complex normal affine surfaces using properties of the Cremona group. As a generaliz…
Birational Geometry of Special Quotient Foliations and Chazy's Equations
本文研究了特殊商叶结构的理性几何，通过与恰兹方程的联系，提供了叶结构的显式模型及对称性分析。
We classify webs of minimal degree rational curves on surfaces and give a criterion for webs being hexagonal. In addition, we classify Neron-Severi lattices of real weak del Pezzo surfaces. These two classifications are related to root subsystems of E8.
We study real Campedelli surfaces up to real deformations and exhibit a number of such surfaces which are equivariantly diffeomorphic but not real deformation equivalent.
We compute the monodromy groups of real Enriques surfaces of hyperbolic type. The principal tools are the deformation classification of such surfaces and a modified version of Donaldson's trick, relating real Enriques surfaces and real rational surfaces.
We show that a real rational (over $\C$) surfaces are quasi-simple, i.e., that such a surface is determined up to deformation in the class of real surfaces by the topological type of its real structure.
We provide a real analog of the Yau-Zaslow formula counting rational curves on $K3$ surfaces.
In this paper, we give a complete description of the deformation classes of real structures on minimal ruled surfaces. In particular, we show that these classes are determined by the topology of the real structure, which means that real minimal ruled surfaces are quasi-simple. As an intermediate result, we obtain the classification, up to conjugation, of real structures on decomposable ruled surfaces.
We present the topological classification of real parts of real regular elliptic surfaces with a real section.
We construct several rigid (i.e., unique in their deformation class) surfaces which have particular behavior with respect to real structures: in one example the surface has no any real structure, in the other one it has a unique real structure and this structure is not maximal with respect to the Smith-Thom inequality. So, it answers in negative to the following problems: existence of real surfaces in each complex deformation class and existence of maximal surfaces in each complex deformation class containing real surfaces. Besides, we prove that there is no real surfaces among the surfaces of…
We construct explicit examples of $K3$ surfaces over ${\mathbb Q}$ having real multiplication. Our examples are of geometric Picard rank 16. The standard method for the computation of the Picard rank provably fails for the surfaces constructed.
Comessatti proved that the set of real points of a rational real algebraic surface is either a nonorientable surface, or the two-sphere, or the torus. Conversely, it is easy to see that all of these surfaces admit a rational real algebraic model. We prove that they admit exactly one rational real algebraic model. This was known earlier only for the two-sphere, torus, projective plane and the Klein bottle.
Real split hyperplane sections on smooth polarized $K3$-surfaces
研究光滑极化K3表面实超平面截面分割成直线的数量上界，发现大多数情况下的上界与复对应物一致。
A smooth complex rational affine surface with uncountably many real forms
本文构造了一个光滑复有理仿射曲面，证明其具有不可数多个互不同构的实形式，揭示了实代数几何中实形式的丰富性与复杂性。
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