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arXiv 1208.1706astro-ph.SRastro-ph.IMstat.AP
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太阳黑子周期相关性的贝叶斯分析

A Bayesian Analysis of the Correlations Among Sunspot Cycles

Yaming Yu, David A. van Dyk, Vinay L. Kashyap, C. Alex Young

摘要:

太阳黑子数量构成了太阳活动的全面、长期代表,并已多次用于实证研究太阳周期的特性。在有观测记录的24个周期中发现了许多相关性。在这里,我们对太阳黑子记录进行了复杂的统计分析,重申了这些相关性,并为未来的周期建立了一个经验预测框架。我们的方法的一个优点是,它允许严格评估的统计意义的各种周期功能和预测的不确定性。我们将数据总结为三个顺序关系,估计任何周期的幅度,持续时间和上升到最大值的时间,给定前一个周期的值。我们发现,没有任何迹象表明预测能力超过一个周期的持久性,并得出结论,发电机不保留超过一个周期的记忆。根据截至2011年10月的太阳黑子记录,我们获得了第24周的估计最大平滑月太阳黑子数为97 +- 15,发生在2014年1月至2月+- 6个月。

英文摘要:

Sunspot numbers form a comprehensive, long-duration proxy of solar activity and have been used numerous times to empirically investigate the properties of the solar cycle. A number of correlations have been discovered over the 24 cycles for which observational records are available. Here we carry out a sophisticated statistical analysis of the sunspot record that reaffirms these correlations, and sets up an empirical predictive framework for future cycles. An advantage of our approach is that it allows for rigorous assessment of both the statistical significance of various cycle features and the uncertainty associated with predictions. We summarize the data into three sequential relations that estimate the amplitude, duration, and time of rise to maximum for any cycle, given the values from the previous cycle. We find that there is no indication of a persistence in predictive power beyond one cycle, and conclude that the dynamo does not retain memory beyond one cycle. Based on sunspot records up to October 2011, we obtain, for Cycle 24, an estimated maximum smoothed monthly sunspot number of 97 +- 15, to occur in January--February 2014 +- 6 months.

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