1793- 1800年丢失的太阳周期：早期的太阳黑子观测解决了古老的谜团
A solar cycle lost in 1793--1800: Early sunspot observations resolve the old mystery
摘要：
由于缺乏可靠的太阳黑子观测，18世纪后期太阳黑子数序列的质量较差，导致道尔顿极小期之前的异常长的太阳活动周（1784- 1799）。利用新近恢复的18- 19世纪观测者Staudacher和Hamilton的太阳图，我们绘制了18世纪90年代太阳黑子的纬度分布图，即太阳蝴蝶图。1793- 1796年太阳高纬度地区突然出现的系统性太阳黑子明确地表明，1793年开始了一个新的周期，这在传统的沃尔夫太阳黑子系列中是丢失的。这最终证实了之前提出的丢失周期的存在，从而解决了一个古老的谜团。这封信引起了科学界对18世纪修改太阳黑子系列的需要的注意。一个新的短的，不对称的周期的存在意味着变化和限制太阳黑子周期的统计，太阳活动的预测，太阳发电机理论，以及太阳-地球的关系。
英文摘要：
Because of the lack of reliable sunspot observation, the quality of sunspot number series is poor in the late 18th century, leading to the abnormally long solar cycle (1784--1799) before the Dalton minimum. Using the newly recovered solar drawings by the 18--19th century observers Staudacher and Hamilton, we construct the solar butterfly diagram, i.e. the latitudinal distribution of sunspots in the 1790's. The sudden, systematic occurrence of sunspots at high solar latitudes in 1793--1796 unambiguously shows that a new cycle started in 1793, which was lost in traditional Wolf's sunspot series. This finally confirms the existence of the lost cycle that has been proposed earlier, thus resolving an old mystery. This letter brings the attention of the scientific community to the need of revising the sunspot series in the 18th century. The presence of a new short, asymmetric cycle implies changes and constraints to sunspot cycle statistics, solar activity predictions, solar dynamo theories as well as for solar-terrestrial relations.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
