第18-24太阳活动周期间绿线日冕与太阳黑子活动的大尺度纬度-时间关系
Large-Scale Latitude-time Relationships Between the Green-Line Corona and Sunspot Activity During Solar Cycles 18-24
AI总结：
本研究利用高斯活动场模型分析第18-24太阳活动周数据，发现绿线日冕与太阳黑子活动存在稳定的双峰纬度相关结构，且该关系与活动周振幅无关，表明大尺度磁活动分布主导日冕演化。
AI中文摘要：
我们利用均匀的日冕观测数据和太阳黑子活动场的高斯表示，研究了第18-24太阳活动周期间太阳绿线日冕与太阳黑子活动之间的纬度-时间关系。该活动场模型由单个太阳黑子面积和纬度构建，旨在比传统的太阳黑子数或太阳黑子面积指数更真实地描述太阳磁活动的大尺度空间组织。分析揭示了一个稳定的、以活动带为中心的双峰纬度相关结构，其中观测到最强的日冕-太阳黑子相关性。纬度轮廓在不同活动周之间保持显著相似，表明日冕发射与光球活动之间的大尺度关系在很大程度上与活动周振幅和奇偶性无关。滞后相关轮廓在大多数活动周中表现出宽的正滞后平台。尽管形式上的滞后相关最大值出现在正滞后处，但替代数据检验表明，这些最大值通常与相邻滞后值在统计上无法区分。因此，结果暗示了大尺度日冕磁结构的时间持续性和记忆性，而非精确定义的物理延迟。高斯活动场表示比传统太阳黑子测量产生了与绿线日冕更强、更连贯的相关性，支持了大尺度磁活动分布（而非仅单个太阳黑子）主导大尺度日冕演化的解释。
英文摘要：
We investigate the latitude-time relationship between the solar green-line corona and sunspot activity during Solar Cycles 18-24 using homogeneous coronal observations and a Gaussian representation of sunspot activity fields. The activity-field model is constructed from individual sunspot areas and latitudes in order to describe the large-scale spatial organization of solar magnetic activity more realistically than traditional sunspot number or sunspot area indices. The analysis reveals a stable double-peaked latitude-dependent correlation structure centered on the active-region belts, where the strongest corona-sunspot correlations are observed. The latitude profiles remain remarkably similar from cycle to cycle, indicating that the large-scale relationship between coronal emission and photospheric activity is largely independent of cycle amplitude and parity. The lag-correlation profiles exhibit broad positive lag plateaus in most cycles. Although formal lag-correlation maxima occur at positive lags, surrogate-data tests indicate that these maxima are generally not statistically distinguishable from neighboring lag values. The results therefore suggest temporal persistence and memory of large-scale coronal magnetic structures rather than a precisely defined physical delay. The Gaussian activity-field representation produces substantially stronger and more coherent correlations with the green-line corona than conventional sunspot measures, supporting the interpretation that the large-scale distribution of magnetic activity, rather than individual sunspots alone, governs the evolution of the large-scale corona.
