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arXiv 1207.0935cs.GT
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设施选址博弈的确定性机制的力量分析

On the Power of Deterministic Mechanisms for Facility Location Games

Dimitris Fotakis, Christos Tzamos

摘要:

我们考虑K-设施的位置游戏,其中n战略代理报告他们的位置在度量空间,和一个机制将其映射到K设施。我们的主要结果是一个优雅的表征确定性strategyproof机制与有界的近似比2设施的位置线上。特别是,我们表明,与n \geq 5代理的实例,任何这样的机制要么承认一个独特的独裁者,或总是将设施在最左边和最右边的位置的实例。作为一个推论,我们得到的最佳近似比确定性strategyproof机制的问题,定位2设施的线路上,以最大限度地减少总的连接成本是精确的n-2。另一个相当令人惊讶的结果是,(Procaccia和Tennenholtz,EC 2009)的两个极端机制是唯一的确定性匿名防策略机制,具有在线2-设施位置的有界近似比。证明的特征采用了一些新的想法和技术工具,提供了新的见解的行为确定性strategyproof机制的K-设施位置游戏,并可能是独立的兴趣。采用这些工具之一,我们表明,对于每一个K \geq 3,不存在任何确定性的匿名strategyproof机制与有界近似比K-设施位置的线上,即使是简单的实例与K+1代理。此外,建立在线的特征,我们表明,不存在任何确定性的strategyproof机制与有界的近似比2-设施位置更一般的度量空间,这是真实的,即使是简单的情况下,3个代理位于一个星。

英文摘要:

We consider K-Facility Location games, where n strategic agents report their locations in a metric space, and a mechanism maps them to K facilities. Our main result is an elegant characterization of deterministic strategyproof mechanisms with a bounded approximation ratio for 2-Facility Location on the line. In particular, we show that for instances with n \geq 5 agents, any such mechanism either admits a unique dictator, or always places the facilities at the leftmost and the rightmost location of the instance. As a corollary, we obtain that the best approximation ratio achievable by deterministic strategyproof mechanisms for the problem of locating 2 facilities on the line to minimize the total connection cost is precisely n-2. Another rather surprising consequence is that the Two-Extremes mechanism of (Procaccia and Tennenholtz, EC 2009) is the only deterministic anonymous strategyproof mechanism with a bounded approximation ratio for 2-Facility Location on the line. The proof of the characterization employs several new ideas and technical tools, which provide new insights into the behavior of deterministic strategyproof mechanisms for K-Facility Location games, and may be of independent interest. Employing one of these tools, we show that for every K \geq 3, there do not exist any deterministic anonymous strategyproof mechanisms with a bounded approximation ratio for K-Facility Location on the line, even for simple instances with K+1 agents. Moreover, building on the characterization for the line, we show that there do not exist any deterministic strategyproof mechanisms with a bounded approximation ratio for 2-Facility Location on more general metric spaces, which is true even for simple instances with 3 agents located in a star.

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