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arXiv 1205.3605cs.DS
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关于最小幂Steiner树

On Min-Power Steiner Tree

Fabrizio Grandoni

摘要:

在经典的(最小代价)Steiner树问题中,我们给出了一个边加权无向图和一组终端节点。目标是计算一个最小成本树S,它跨越所有终端。在本文中,我们考虑的最小功率版本的问题,这是更适合于无线应用。这里,目标是最小化节点的总功耗,其中节点的功率v是S的任何边与v关联的最大成本。直观地说,节点是天线(其中的一部分是我们需要连接的终端),并且边成本定义了经由双向链路连接它们的端点的功率(以便支持具有ack消息的协议)。与最小代价树不同的是,即使在生成树的情况下,即当所有节点都是终端时,最小功率Steiner树也是NP-难的。由于任何树的功率在其成本的一倍和两倍内,因此计算rho \leq ln(4)+eps [Byrka et al.近似最小代价Steiner树为该问题提供了2 rho <2.78的近似。对于最小功率生成树,相同的方法提供了2近似,在[Althaus et al. '06]。本文提出了一种改进的最小权Steiner树的近似算法。我们的结果基于两个主要因素。我们证明了最小功率Steiner树的第一分解定理,在类似的结构结果的精神,最小成本Steiner树和最小功率生成树。基于这个定理,我们定义了一个适当的LP松弛,我们利用在迭代随机舍入框架[Byrka et al. '10]。仔细分析提供了3ln 4-9/4+eps<1.91的近似因子。同样的方法也给出了最小功率生成树的改进的1.5+eps近似,匹配[Nutov和Yaroshevitch'09]中的近似因子,用于边权重为{0,1}的最小功率生成树的特殊情况。

英文摘要:

In the classical (min-cost) Steiner tree problem, we are given an edge-weighted undirected graph and a set of terminal nodes. The goal is to compute a min-cost tree S which spans all terminals. In this paper we consider the min-power version of the problem, which is better suited for wireless applications. Here, the goal is to minimize the total power consumption of nodes, where the power of a node v is the maximum cost of any edge of S incident to v. Intuitively, nodes are antennas (part of which are terminals that we need to connect) and edge costs define the power to connect their endpoints via bidirectional links (so as to support protocols with ack messages). Differently from its min-cost counterpart, min-power Steiner tree is NP-hard even in the spanning tree case, i.e. when all nodes are terminals. Since the power of any tree is within once and twice its cost, computing a rho \leq ln(4)+eps [Byrka et al.'10] approximate min-cost Steiner tree provides a 2rho<2.78 approximation for the problem. For min-power spanning tree the same approach provides a 2 approximation, which was improved to 5/3+eps with a non-trivial approach in [Althaus et al.'06]. Here we present an improved approximation algorithm for min-power Steiner tree. Our result is based on two main ingredients. We prove the first decomposition theorem for min-power Steiner tree, in the spirit of analogous structural results for min-cost Steiner tree and min-power spanning tree. Based on this theorem, we define a proper LP relaxation, that we exploit within the iterative randomized rounding framework in [Byrka et al.'10]. A careful analysis provides a 3ln 4-9/4+eps<1.91 approximation factor. The same approach gives an improved 1.5+eps approximation for min-power spanning tree as well, matching the approximation factor in [Nutov and Yaroshevitch'09] for the special case of min-power spanning tree with edge weights in {0,1}.

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