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arXiv 0712.3568cs.DS
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基于划分的Steiner树松弛算法

A Partition-Based Relaxation For Steiner Trees

Jochen Konemann, David Pritchard, Kunlun Tan

摘要:

Steiner树问题是一个经典的NP-难优化问题,具有广泛的实际应用。在这个问题的一个例子中,我们给出了一个无向图G=(V,E),一组终端R,以及E中所有边e的非负成本c_e。任何包含所有终端的树都被称为Steiner树;目标是找到最小代价的Steiner树。节点V R被称为斯坦纳节点。已知的Steiner树问题的最佳近似算法是Robins和Zelikovsky(SIAM J. Discrete Math,2005);他们的贪心算法实现了1+(ln 3)/2 ~ 1.55的性能保证。另一方面,最著名的基于线性(LP)的算法是由Goemans和Bertsimas(Math. Programming,1993)提出的,并且实现了2-2/ |R|的近似比。在本文中,我们建立了贪婪和LP为基础的方法之间的联系表明,罗宾斯和Zelikovsky的算法有一个自然的原始对偶解释一个新的分区为基础的线性规划松弛。我们还表现出令人惊讶的新配方和现有的LP之间的连接,我们表明,新的LP是强于双向切割配方。一个实例是b-拟二部的,如果G R的每个连通分支至多有b个顶点。我们证明了Robins和Zelikovsky的算法在这种情况下具有优于1+(ln 3)/2的逼近比,并且我们证明了我们的LP的完整性间隙在8/7和(2b+1)/(b+1)之间.

英文摘要:

The Steiner tree problem is a classical NP-hard optimization problem with a wide range of practical applications. In an instance of this problem, we are given an undirected graph G=(V,E), a set of terminals R, and non-negative costs c_e for all edges e in E. Any tree that contains all terminals is called a Steiner tree; the goal is to find a minimum-cost Steiner tree. The nodes V R are called Steiner nodes. The best approximation algorithm known for the Steiner tree problem is due to Robins and Zelikovsky (SIAM J. Discrete Math, 2005); their greedy algorithm achieves a performance guarantee of 1+(ln 3)/2 ~ 1.55. The best known linear (LP)-based algorithm, on the other hand, is due to Goemans and Bertsimas (Math. Programming, 1993) and achieves an approximation ratio of 2-2/|R|. In this paper we establish a link between greedy and LP-based approaches by showing that Robins and Zelikovsky's algorithm has a natural primal-dual interpretation with respect to a novel partition-based linear programming relaxation. We also exhibit surprising connections between the new formulation and existing LPs and we show that the new LP is stronger than the bidirected cut formulation. An instance is b-quasi-bipartite if each connected component of G R has at most b vertices. We show that Robins' and Zelikovsky's algorithm has an approximation ratio better than 1+(ln 3)/2 for such instances, and we prove that the integrality gap of our LP is between 8/7 and (2b+1)/(b+1).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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