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arXiv 1109.2641cs.DS
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平面图中近似距离的更紧预言机

More Compact Oracles for Approximate Distances in Planar Graphs

Christian Sommer

摘要:

距离预言是一种数据结构,它为图中的最短路径和距离查询提供快速(可能是近似)答案。空间需求和查询时间的距离预言机之间的权衡是特别感兴趣的,本文的主要焦点。在FOCS'01中,Thorup引入了平面图的近似距离预言。他证明了,对于任何eps>0和任何平面图上的n个节点,存在一个(1+eps)-近似距离预言机使用空间O(n eps^{-1} log n),使近似距离查询可以回答时间O(1/eps)。十年后,我们给出了平面图的空间查询时间权衡的第一个改进。* 我们给出了第一个具有次二次依赖于1/eps的时空积的预言。对于空间~O(n log n),我们得到查询时间~O(1/eps)(假设多项式边权重)。该空间仅显示对1/eps的双对数依赖性。我们相信,对eps的依赖可能几乎是最佳的。* 对于中等边权重的情况(平均值由polylog(n)限制,这似乎是许多现实世界道路网络的情况),我们击中了一个“甜蜜点”,在eps和n方面改进了Thorup的预言。我们的oracle使用空间~O(n log log n),查询时间~O(log log log n + 1/eps)。(本摘要中的渐近符号隐藏了log(1/eps)和log*(n)中的低次多项式。

英文摘要:

Distance oracles are data structures that provide fast (possibly approximate) answers to shortest-path and distance queries in graphs. The tradeoff between the space requirements and the query time of distance oracles is of particular interest and the main focus of this paper. In FOCS'01, Thorup introduced approximate distance oracles for planar graphs. He proved that, for any eps>0 and for any planar graph on n nodes, there exists a (1+eps)-approximate distance oracle using space O(n eps^{-1} log n) such that approximate distance queries can be answered in time O(1/eps). Ten years later, we give the first improvements on the space-querytime tradeoff for planar graphs. * We give the first oracle having a space-time product with subquadratic dependency on 1/eps. For space ~O(n log n) we obtain query time ~O(1/eps) (assuming polynomial edge weights). The space shows a doubly logarithmic dependency on 1/eps only. We believe that the dependency on eps may be almost optimal. * For the case of moderate edge weights (average bounded by polylog(n), which appears to be the case for many real-world road networks), we hit a "sweet spot," improving upon Thorup's oracle both in terms of eps and n. Our oracle uses space ~O(n log log n) and it has query time ~O(log log log n + 1/eps). (Asymptotic notation in this abstract hides low-degree polynomials in log(1/eps) and log*(n).)

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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