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arXiv 0907.1275math-phmath.MPmath.RTnlin.SI
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Hamilton方程理论中的Poisson顶点代数

Poisson vertex algebras in the theory of Hamiltonian equations

Aliaa Barakat, Alberto De Sole, Victor G. Kac

摘要:

我们奠定了Poisson顶点代数理论的基础,旨在其应用于Hamilton偏微分方程的可积性。这样的方程被称为可积的,如果它可以包含在相容的哈密顿方程的无限族中,其中允许对合中的线性无关运动积分的无限序列。利用所谓的Lenard格式构造了一个运动积分族及其运动积分。我们找到了保证该方案产生变分复形Ω在Z_+中的闭1-形式ω_j,j的无穷序列的简单条件。如果这些形式是精确的,即ω_j是某些局部泛函\int h_j的变分导数,则后者是相应Hamilton向量场构成的族的对合运动积分。我们证明了复形Ω是正合的,只要函数的代数V是“正规的”;特别地,对于任意的V,如果我们给V加上有限个反导数,Ω中的任何封闭形式都是正合的。我们演示的KdV,HD和CNW层次结构的例子如何Lenard计划的工作原理。我们还发现了一个新的可积族,我们称之为HD型的CNW族。发展Dorfman的思想,我们将Lenard格式推广到任意Dirac结构,并以NLS,pKdV和KN族为例证明了它的适用性。

英文摘要:

We lay down the foundations of the theory of Poisson vertex algebras aimed at its applications to integrability of Hamiltonian partial differential equations. Such an equation is called integrable if it can be included in an infinite hierarchy of compatible Hamiltonian equations, which admit an infinite sequence of linearly independent integrals of motion in involution. The construction of a hierarchy and its integrals of motion is achieved by making use of the so called Lenard scheme. We find simple conditions which guarantee that the scheme produces an infinite sequence of closed 1-forms ω_j, j in Z_+, of the variational complex Ω. If these forms are exact, i.e. ω_j are variational derivatives of some local functionals \int h_j, then the latter are integrals of motion in involution of the hierarchy formed by the corresponding Hamiltonian vector fields. We show that the complex Ωis exact, provided that the algebra of functions V is "normal"; in particular, for arbitrary V, any closed form in Ωbecomes exact if we add to V a finite number of antiderivatives. We demonstrate on the examples of KdV, HD and CNW hierarchies how the Lenard scheme works. We also discover a new integrable hierarchy, which we call the CNW hierarchy of HD type. Developing the ideas of Dorfman, we extend the Lenard scheme to arbitrary Dirac structures, and demonstrate its applicability on the examples of the NLS, pKdV and KN hierarchies.

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