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arXiv 0812.2903cond-mat.str-elquant-ph
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一维量子临界点的有限纠缠标度理论

Theory of finite-entanglement scaling at one-dimensional quantum critical points

Frank Pollmann, Subroto Mukerjee, Ari Turner, Joel E. Moore

摘要:

对多粒子系统纠缠的研究表明,大多数量子临界基态比非临界态具有无限多的纠缠。一维多粒子系统的标准算法构造的模型态具有有限的纠缠,这是一个比其他量子临界态更差的近似。我们给出了量子临界状态下有限纠缠引起的标度行为的定量理论:有限纠缠的标度理论与有限尺寸标度只是表面上相似,并且具有不同的物理起源。我们发现有限纠缠标度不是由算符的标度维数决定的,而是由临界点的“中心荷“决定的。一个重要的成分是最近获得的密度矩阵特征值在临界点\cite{calabrese1}的普遍分布。无参数理论检查对数值标度在几个量子临界点。

英文摘要:

Studies of entanglement in many-particle systems suggest that most quantum critical ground states have infinitely more entanglement than non-critical states. Standard algorithms for one-dimensional many-particle systems construct model states with limited entanglement, which are a worse approximation to quantum critical states than to others. We give a quantitative theory of previously observed scaling behavior resulting from finite entanglement at quantum criticality: the scaling theory of finite entanglement is only superficially similar to finite-size scaling, and has a different physical origin. We find that finite-entanglement scaling is governed not by the scaling dimension of an operator but by the "central charge" of the critical point, which counts its universal degrees of freedom. An important ingredient is the recently obtained universal distribution of density-matrix eigenvalues at a critical point\cite{calabrese1}. The parameter-free theory is checked against numerical scaling at several quantum critical points.

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