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arXiv 0807.2426cond-mat.stat-mech
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光晶格中理想玻色气体的有限温度相干性

Finite temperature coherence of the ideal Bose gas in an optical lattice

G. A. Muradyan, J. R. Anglin

摘要:

在目前的实验中,冷量子气体在周期性的潜力,干涉条纹对比度通常是最简单的信号,在其中寻找非平凡的多体动力学的影响。为了更好地校准这样的测量,我们分析了背景效应的热退相干,因为它发生在没有动态粒子间相互作用。我们研究了光晶格势对有限温度下处于局部热平衡的非相互作用玻色气体的凝聚分数的影响。我们表明,实验观察到的减少的凝聚分数的存在下的晶格可以归因于,到一个阈值晶格高度,纯粹的理想气体热力学;相反,我们确认,在较强的晶格中观察到的一阶相干性急剧下降确实是由于多体物理。我们的研究结果还表明,在F.Gerbier等人,物理修订版信函95,050404(2005)中所描述的,可以根据增加的晶格强度和增加的平均气体密度之间的竞争来解释,因为红失谐晶格激光器的高斯分布也增加了谐波陷阱的有效强度。

英文摘要:

In current experiments with cold quantum gases in periodic potentials, interference fringe contrast is typically the easiest signal in which to look for effects of non-trivial many-body dynamics. In order better to calibrate such measurements, we analyse the background effect of thermal decoherence as it occurs in the absence of dynamical interparticle interactions. We study the effect of optical lattice potentials, as experimentally applied, on the condensed fraction of a non-interacting Bose gas in local thermal equilibrium at finite temperatures. We show that the experimentally observed decrease of the condensate fraction in the presence of the lattice can be attributed, up to a threshold lattice height, purely to ideal gas thermodynamics; conversely we confirm that sharper decreases in first-order coherence observed in stronger lattices are indeed attributable to many-body physics. Our results also suggest that the fringe visibility 'kinks' observed in F.Gerbier et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 050404 (2005) may be explained in terms of the competition between increasing lattice strength and increasing mean gas density, as the gaussian profile of the red-detuned lattice lasers also increases the effective strength of the harmonic trap.

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