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arXiv quant-ph/9908019quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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量子力学的二元论解释

Dualist interpretation of quantum mechanics

Guy Potvin

摘要:

本文提出了一种量子力学的解释,它扩充了Nelson [E. Nelson,Phys. Rev.,150,1079(1966)],具有双重引导条件。也就是说,除了描述波如何控制粒子的随机引导条件(波-粒子引导条件)之外,我们引入另一个描述粒子如何引导波的随机引导条件(粒子-波引导条件)。因此,我们在量子力学的导波公式中引入了作用-反应原理。粒子到波的引导条件采取波函数的自发跃迁的形式,波函数在时间上是泊松分布的。跃迁所选择的波函数受其相对于粒子位置的似然性以及某些守恒约束的影响。结果表明,随机粒子-波制导条件再现了Ghirardi,Rimini和Weber [G. C. Ghirardi,A. Rimini和T. Weber,Phys. Rev. D,34,470(1986)]和Milburn的内禀退相干模型[G. J. Milburn,Phys.Rev.A,44,5401(1991)],同时避免了与它们相关的一些困难。在自由体的情况下,分析了二元论解释的宏观限度。这种解释可能的改进进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

An interpretation of quantum mechanics is proposed which augments the stochastic pilot-wave model, introduced by Nelson [E. Nelson, Phys. Rev., 150, 1079 (1966)], with a dual guidance condition. Namely, in addition to the stochastic guidance condition which describes how the wave controls the particle (wave-to-particle guidance condition), we introduce another stochastic guidance condition describing how the particle guides the wave (particle-to-wave guidance condition). We therefore introduce an action-reaction principle in the pilot-wave formulation of quantum mechanics. The particle-to-wave guidance condition takes the form of spontaneous transitions of the wavefunction that are Poisson distributed in time. The wavefunction selected by the transition is influenced by its likelyhood with respect to the particle position, as well as certain conservation constraints. It is shown that the stochastic particle-to-wave guidance condition reproduces certain aspects of the spontaneous localization model of Ghirardi, Rimini and Weber [G. C. Ghirardi, A. Rimini and T. Weber, Phys. Rev. D, 34, 470 (1986)], and of Milburn's intrinsic decoherence model [G. J. Milburn, Phys. Rev. A, 44, 5401 (1991)], while avoiding some of the difficulties associated with them. The macroscopic limit of the dualist interpretation is analyzed for the case of a free body. Possible improvements of this interpretation are discussed.

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