arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
北美退伍军人节(Veterans Day),12 日无更新
arXiv quant-ph/0611217quant-phmath-phmath.MPphysics.atom-ph
收藏

一般量子系统中的量子力学(II):微扰理论

Quantum mechanics in general quantum systems (II): Perturbation theory

An Min Wang

摘要:

在与时间无关的一般量子系统中,我们基于我们的精确解[王安民,quant-ph/0611216]提出了一个改进的微扰理论方案.我们的基本出发点是尽可能晚地引入扰动参数。我们的主要技巧是哈密顿重分,以克服通常的微扰理论的缺陷,和微扰哈密顿矩阵乘积分解,以分离的收缩和反收缩条款。我们的计算技术是消除明显分歧的极限过程。我们的中心思想是“动力学重排和求和”,因为我们的扰动解吸收了高阶甚至所有阶近似的部分贡献。从而得到了零阶、一阶、二阶和三阶摄动解的改进形式,吸收了高阶甚至所有阶摄动近似的部分贡献.然后推导出改进的转移概率。特别地,我们提出了修正的费米黄金法则。此外,我们应用我们的方案得到了微扰能量和微扰态的改进形式。此外,我们研究了一个简单的两态系统的例子来说明我们的方案,并显示其优点。所有这些都暗示了我们改进的微扰理论方案实际上是可计算的、操作有效的、最终更准确的物理原因和证据。我们的改进方案是我们的精确解的进一步发展和有趣的应用,它已被成功地用于研究开放系统动力学[安民王,quant-ph/0601051]。

英文摘要:

We propose an improved scheme of perturbation theory based on our exact solution [An Min Wang, quant-ph/0611216] in general quantum systems independent of time. Our elementary start-point is to introduce the perturbing parameter as late as possible. Our main skills are Hamiltonian redivision so as to overcome a flaw of the usual perturbation theory, and the perturbing Hamiltonian matrix product decomposition in order to separate the contraction and anti-contraction terms. Our calculational technology is the limit process for eliminating apparent divergences. Our central idea is ``dynamical rearrangement and summation" for the sake of the partial contributions from the high order even all order approximations absorbed in our perturbed solution. Consequently, we obtain the improved forms of the zeroth, first, second and third order perturbed solutions absorbing the partial contributions from the high order even all order approximations of perturbation. Then we deduce the improved transition probability. In special, we propose the revised Fermi's golden rule. Moreover, we apply our scheme to obtain the improved forms of perturbed energy and perturbed state. In addition, we study an easy understanding example of two-state system to illustrate our scheme and show its advantages. All of this implies the physical reasons and evidences why our improved scheme of perturbation theory are actually calculable, operationally efficient, conclusively more accurate. Our improved scheme is the further development and interesting application of our exact solution, and it has been successfully used to study on open system dynamics [An Min Wang, quant-ph/0601051].

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑