arXiv quant-ph/05040172005-04-04quant-ph

基于算符的开放量子系统的精确处理

An Operator-Based Exact Treatment of Open Quantum Systems

S. Nicolosi

备注：: To appear on Open Systems and Information Dynamics

摘要：

“量子力学必须被视为开放系统。一方面，这是由于这样一个事实，即在经典物理学中，任何现实的系统都受到耦合到一个不可控的环境，以不可忽略的方式影响它。因此，开放量子系统的理论在量子物理学的许多应用中起着重要作用，因为量子系统的完美隔离是不可能的，并且因为对环境自由度的完全微观描述或控制是不可行的或仅部分可行的。因此，实际的考虑迫使人们寻求一个更简单的，有效的概率描述的开放系统。在开放系统的演化、由量子测量引起的状态变化和随机过程的经典概念之间，有着密切的物理和数学联系。本文对这种相互关系作了文献综述，证明了马尔可夫主方程与广义分段确定过程[1]之间的数学等价性，并在开放观测环境模型中引入了开放系统。

英文摘要：

"Quantum mechanics must be regarded as open systems. On one hand, this is due to the fact that, like in classical physics, any realistic system is subjected to a coupling to an uncontrollable environment which influences it in a non-negligible way. The theory of open quantum systems thus plays a major role in many applications of quantum physics since perfect isolation of quantum system is not possible and since a complete microscopic description or control of the environment degrees of freedom is not feasible or only partially so" [1]. Practical considerations therefore force one to seek for a simpler, effectively probabilistic description in terms of an open system. There is a close physical and mathematical connection between the evolution of an open system, the state changes induced by quantum measurements, and the classical notion of a stochastic process. The paper provides a bibliographic review of this interrelations, it shows the mathematical equivalence between markovian master equation and generalized piecewise deterministic processes [1] and it introduces the open system in an open observed environment model.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

摘要：

英文摘要：

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