arXiv quant-ph/03071562003-07quant-ph

相干态的量子相位算符

On the Quantum Phase Operator for Coherent States

Bo-Sture K. Skagerstam, Bjorn A. Bergsjordet

备注：: 8 pages, 8 figures. Typographical errors and misprints have been corrected. The outline of the paper has also been changed. Physica Scripta (in press)
DOI：: 10.1238/Physica.Regular.070a00026

摘要：

在Lynch [Phys.Rev.A41，2841（1990）]和Gerry和Urbanski [Phys.Rev.A42，662（1990）]的论文中，已经论证了Gerhardt、Büchler和Lifkin [Phys. Lett. 49 A，119（1974）]与相干态的Pegg-Barnett相位算符的方差很好地一致，即使是对于少量的光子。我们认为这不是决定性的。实际上，我们证明了相位的方差实际上取决于相干态的相位和Pegg-Barnett相位算符的偏移相位$ϕ_0$之间的相对相位。在实际实验中，这种偏移相位被替换为参考光束的相位，并且我们表明，这种相对相位的几种选择可以拟合到实验数据。我们还讨论了Noh，Fougères和Mandel [Phys.Rev.A46，2840（1992）]相对相位实验的Pegg-Barnett相位考虑后选择条件。

英文摘要：

In papers by Lynch [Phys. Rev. A41, 2841 (1990)] and Gerry and Urbanski [Phys. Rev. A42, 662 (1990)] it has been argued that the phase-fluctuation laser experiments of Gerhardt, Büchler and Lifkin [Phys. Lett. 49A, 119 (1974)] are in good agreement with the variance of the Pegg-Barnett phase operator for a coherent state, even for a small number of photons. We argue that this is not conclusive. In fact, we show that the variance of the phase in fact depends on the relative phase between the phase of the coherent state and the off-set phase $ϕ_0$ of the Pegg-Barnett phase operator. This off-set phase is replaced with the phase of a reference beam in an actual experiment and we show that several choices of such a relative phase can be fitted to the experimental data. We also discuss the Noh, Fougères and Mandel [Phys.Rev. A46, 2840 (1992)] relative phase experiment in terms of the Pegg-Barnett phase taking post-selection conditions into account.

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英文摘要：

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