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arXiv physics/0612220physics.flu-dyn
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自由湍流衰减不变量

Invariants of free turbulent decay

Antoine Llor

摘要:

实际上,在所有的湍流中,都存在湍流能量衰减,并与许多其他现象竞争。在柯尔莫哥洛夫的理论中,衰变过程是通过“惯性级联”从大的含能尺度向小的粘性尺度转移。然而,这种描述不能预测实际的衰减率,即使是在最简单的均匀各向同性湍流(HIT)的情况下。正如50多年来的经验观察,“红外”光谱的陡峭度-在比含能量漩涡更大的尺度上-决定了衰变,但理论上的理解仍然缺失。在这里,HIT衰变定律是从大尺度下的角动量不变性推导出来的--这是朗道在1944年首次提到的方法,但后来被不适当地驳回了。这种不变性还预测了迄今为止未探索的湍流衰减层,管,和点区在静止的流体。除了扩展和简化的理论描述,这些研究结果提出了新的实用的湍流耗散建模策略,往往在应用模拟不足。

英文摘要:

In practically all turbulent flows, turbulent energy decay is present and competes with numerous other phenomena. In Kolmogorov's theory, decay proceeds by transfer from large energy-containing scales towards small viscous scales through the "inertial cascade." Yet, this description cannot predict an actual decay rate, even in the simplest case of homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT). As empirically observed over 50 years, the steepness of the "infrared" spectrum - at scales larger than energy-containing eddies - determines decay, but theoretical understanding is still missing. Here, HIT decay laws are derived from angular momentum invariance at large scales - an approach first mentioned by Landau in 1944, but unduly dismissed later. This invariance also predicts the so-far unexplored turbulence decay in layer, tube, and spot zones in a fluid at rest. Beyond expanded and simplified theoretical descriptions, these findings suggest new practical modeling strategies for turbulent dissipation, often deficient in applied simulations.

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