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arXiv 0709.3230physics.flu-dyn
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管道中的流动是如何变成湍流的?

How does flow in a pipe become turbulent?

Bruno Eckhardt, Tobias M. Schneider

摘要:

管流中向湍流的过渡不遵循瑞利-贝纳德或泰勒-库埃特流中熟悉的情况,因为层流剖面在所有雷诺数下都是稳定的,不受无穷小扰动的影响。此外,即使当流速足够高并且扰动足够强使得建立湍流时,它也可以返回到层流状态而没有任何即将衰减的指示。在此参数范围内,扰动的寿命表现出对初始条件的敏感依赖性和指数分布。湍流似乎是由三维行波的支持,出现在流场中的瞬态。层流和湍流动力学之间的边界是由不变的混沌状态的稳定流形形成的。我们还将讨论在短期内,定期连续域的观测之间的关系,并在充分扩展喷流的动态。

英文摘要:

The transition to turbulence in pipe flow does not follow the scenario familiar from Rayleigh-Benard or Taylor-Couette flow since the laminar profile is stable against infinitesimal perturbations for all Reynolds numbers. Moreover, even when the flow speed is high enough and the perturbation sufficiently strong such that turbulent flow is established, it can return to the laminar state without any indication of the imminent decay. In this parameter range, the lifetimes of perturbations show a sensitive dependence on initial conditions and an exponential distribution. The turbulence seems to be supported by three-dimensional travelling waves which appear transiently in the flow field. The boundary between laminar and turbulent dynamics is formed by the stable manifold of an invariant chaotic state. We will also discuss the relation between observations in short, periodically continued domains, and the dynamics in fully extended puffs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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