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arXiv 2008.07515physics.flu-dyn
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使用机器学习揭示turbulence的状态空间

Revealing the state space of turbulence using machine learning

Jacob Page, Michael P. Brenner, Rich R. Kerswell

摘要:

尽管湍流的表面复杂性,确定一个更简单的描述的基础动力系统仍然是一个根本的挑战。正如霍普夫在1948年所设想的那样,利用某种有效的表示法来捕捉湍流如何在相空间中的不稳定状态(简单不变解)之间蜿蜒流动,这是实现这一目标的最好希望,尽管识别这些状态存在固有的困难。在这里,我们通过证明深度卷积自动编码器可以识别与表征湍流吸引子的简单不变解密切相关的二维湍流的低维表示,向这一目标迈出了重要的一步。为了建立这一点,我们开发了潜傅立叶分析,将流嵌入分解成一组正交的潜傅立叶模式,这些模式解码成类似于简单不变解的物理上有意义的模式。通过分析$Re=40$的湍流Kolmogorov流(在大尺度下被迫在2D环面上流动),突出了这种方法的实用性,其中,在间歇性突发之间,流动驻留在不稳定状态的附近,并且是非常低维的。到个人的潜在傅立叶波数的投影揭示了简单的不变的解决方案,组织静态和爆裂的动态系统的方式无法访问以前的方法。

英文摘要:

Despite the apparent complexity of turbulent flow, identifying a simpler description of the underlying dynamical system remains a fundamental challenge. Capturing how the turbulent flow meanders amongst unstable states (simple invariant solutions) in phase space, as envisaged by Hopf in 1948, using some efficient representation offers the best hope of doing this, despite the inherent difficulty in identifying these states. Here, we make a significant step towards this goal by demonstrating that deep convolutional autoencoders can identify low-dimensional representations of two-dimensional turbulence which are closely associated with the simple invariant solutions characterizing the turbulent attractor. To establish this, we develop latent Fourier analysis that decomposes the flow embedding into a set of orthogonal latent Fourier modes which decode into physically meaningful patterns resembling simple invariant solutions. The utility of this approach is highlighted by analysing turbulent Kolmogorov flow (flow on a 2D torus forced at large scale) at $Re=40$ where, in between intermittent bursts, the flow resides in the neighbourhood of an unstable state and is very low dimensional. Projections onto individual latent Fourier wavenumbers reveal the simple invariant solutions organising both the quiescent and bursting dynamics in a systematic way inaccessible to previous approaches.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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