The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to detect the relative motion of the Earth with respect to a preferred reference frame, the ether, by measuring the fringe shifts in an optical interferometer. These shifts, that should have been proportional to the square of the Earth's velocity, were found to be much smaller than expected. As a consequence, that experiment was taken as an evidence that there is no ether and, as such, played a crucial role for deciding between Lorentzian Relativity and Einstein's Special Relativity. However, according to some authors, the observed Earth's velocity was not negligibly small. To provide an independent check, we have re-analyzed the fringe shifts observed in each of the six different sessions of the Michelson-Morley experiment. They are consistent with a non-zero observable Earth's velocity $v_{\rm obs} = 8.4 \pm 0.5 km/s$. Assuming the existence of a preferred reference frame and using Lorentz transformations, this $v_{\rm obs}$ corresponds to a real velocity, in the plane of the interferometer, $v_{\rm earth} = 201 \pm 12 km/s$. This value, which is remarkably consistent with 1932 Miller's cosmic solution, suggests that the magnitude of the fringe shifts is determined by the typical velocity of the solar system within our galaxy. This conclusion is consistent with the results of all classical experiments (Morley-Miller, Illingworth, Joos, Michelson-Pease-Pearson,...) and with the existing data from present-day experiments.
Proposal of Michelson-Morley experiment via single photon interferometer: Interpretation of Michelson-Morley experimental results using de Broglie-Bohm picture
After an overview of various citations relevant in the context of photon propagation, the relativistic Doppler effect and the addition theorem of velocities are first derived taking into account momentum and energy conservation. Clocks and the aberration of light are treated next, before the lengths of rods and the Lorentz transformations are discussed. The Michelson-Morley experiment is described at rest and in motion with respect to a preferred aether system, first under the assumption of an operation in vacuum. It is concluded that the aether concept is fully consistent with the formal appl…
The so-called principle of relativity is able to fix a general coordinate transformation which differs from the standard Lorentzian form only by an unknown speed which cannot in principle be identified with the light speed. Based on a reanalysis of the Michelson-Morley experiment using this extended transformation we show that such unknown speed is analytically determined regardless of the Maxwell equations and conceptual issues related to synchronization procedures, time and causality definitions. Such a result demonstrates in a pedagogical manner that the constancy of the speed of light does…
Proposal for combined use of parallax and lunar laser ranging for Michelson-Morley experimentation
地面上进行的迈克尔逊-莫雷实验的无效发现对确定哪种物理理论最适合现实具有影响力。在这里，我们建议使用视差和测距技术的距离测量迈克尔逊-莫雷型实验在天文尺度上，阐述与地球-月球系统。一个动机是绕过任何假设的地球束缚介质，作为对早期无效发现的解释。当考虑太阳系相对于宇宙微波背景的370 kms-1运动时，接收器速度的较大值和较长的距离为洛伦兹动力学变换和伽利略-牛顿动力学变换之间的对抗奠定了基础。双向测距时间携带着光的动力学变换信息，因此，通过测距测量的距离与视差测量的距离的比较，几何方法可以揭示光的动力学行为的假设的正确性。不受370 kms-1速度影响的双向测距时间表明零结果，进一步支持爱因斯坦的相对论，而受这一速度影响的测距时间表明非零结果，将表现为测距距离普遍增加，超过实际的月球几何距离，在RA 11 h 11.649 m和23 h 11.649 m坐标方向上可达500米。
Re-Analysis of Michelson-Morley Experiments Reveals Agreement with COBE Cosmic Background Radiation Preferred Frame so Impacting on Interpretation of General Relativity
The dominant CMB dipole anisotropy is a Doppler effect due to a particular motion of the solar system with velocity of 370 km/s. Since this derives from peculiar motions and local inhomogeneities, one could meaningfully consider a fundamental frame of rest $Σ$ associated with the Universe as a whole. From the group properties of Lorentz transformations, two observers, individually moving within $Σ$, would still be connected by the relativistic composition rules. But ultimate implications could be substantial. Physical interpretation is thus traditionally demanded to correlating some dragging o…
