We prove a general result on complemented unconditional basic sequences in Banach lattices and apply it to give some new examples of spaces with unique unconditional basis. We show that Tsirelson space and certain Nakano spaces have the unique unconditional bases. We also construct an example of a space with a unique unconditional basis with a complemented subspace failing to have a unique unconditional basis.
We prove that the dual or any quotient of a separable reflexive Banach space with the unconditional tree property has the unconditional tree property. Then we prove that a separable reflexive Banach space with the unconditional tree property embeds into a reflexive Banach space with an unconditional basis. This solves several long standing open problems. In particular, it yields that a quotient of a reflexive Banach space with an unconditional finite dimensional decomposition embeds into a reflexive Banach space with an unconditional basis.
We study random unconditional convergence for a basis in a Banach space. The connections between this notion and classical unconditionality are explored. In particular, we analyze duality relations, reflexivity, uniqueness of these bases and existence of unconditional subsequences.
It is proved that if a Banach space $Y$ is a quotient of a Banach space having a shrinking unconditional basis, then every normalized weakly null sequence in $Y$ has an unconditional subsequence. The proof yields the corollary that every quotient of Schreier's space is $c_o$-saturated.
For a large class of Banach spaces, a general construction of subspaces without local unconditional structure is presented. As an application it is shown that every Banach space of finite cotype contains either $l_2$ or a subspace without unconditional basis, which admits a Schauder basis. Some other interesting applications and corollaries follow.
It is shown that any Banach space X of sufficiently large density contains an (infinite) unconditional sequence and a separable quotient. If a density of X is a weakly compact cardinal, then X contains an unconditional sequence of cardinality that is equal to the density of X
We study the existence of Daugavet- and delta-points in the unit sphere of Banach spaces with a $1$-unconditional basis. A norm one element $x$ in a Banach space is a Daugavet-point (resp. delta-point) if every element in the unit ball (resp. $x$ itself) is in the closed convex hull of unit ball elements that are almost at distance $2$ from $x$. A Banach space has the Daugavet property (resp. diametral local diameter two property) if and only if every norm one element is a Daugavet-point (resp. delta-point). It is well-known that a Banach space with the Daugavet property does not have an uncon…
Using the technique of Fraïssé theory, for every constant $K\ge 1$ we consruct a universal object in the class of Banach spaces with normalized $K$-suppression unconditional Schauder bases.
Let $X$ be a Banach space with an unconditional finite-dimensional Schauder decomposition $(E_n)$. We consider the general problem of characterizing conditions under which one can construct an unconditional basis for $X$ by forming an unconditional basis for each $E_n.$ For example, we show that if $\sup \dim E_n<\infty$ and $X$ has Gordon-Lewis local unconditional structure then $X$ has an unconditional basis of this type. We also give an example of a non-Hilbertian space $X$ with the property that whenever $Y$ is a closed subspace of $X$ with a UFDD $(E_n)$ such that $\sup\dim E_n<\infty$ th…
This note contains a corrected proof of the main result (which remains unchanged) from [K-T]. It was recently observed that an argument in a basic technical criterium has a gap.
We construct an indecomposable reflexive Banach space $X_{ius}$ such that every infinite dimensional closed subspace contains an unconditional basic sequence. We also show that every operator $T\in \mathcal{B}(X_{ius})$ is of the form $λI+S$ with $S$ a strictly singular operator.
This paper is devoted to providing a unifying approach to the study of the uniqueness of unconditional bases, up to equivalence and permutation, of infinite direct sums of quasi-Banach spaces. Our new approach to this type of problem permits us to show that a wide class of vector-valued sequence spaces have a unique unconditional basis up to a permutation. In particular, solving a problem from [F. Albiac and C. Leránoz, Uniqueness of unconditional bases in nonlocally convex $\ell_1$-products, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 374 (2011), no. 2, 394--401] we show that if $X$ is quasi-Banach space with a str…
We construct a Bourgain-Delbaen $\mathscr{L}_\infty$-space $\mathfrak{X}_{Kus}$ with strongly heterogenous structure: any bounded operator on $\mathfrak{X}_{Kus}$ is a compact perturbation of a multiple of the identity, whereas the space $\mathfrak{X}_{Kus}$ is saturated with unconditional basic sequences.
We prove that weakly unconditionally Cauchy (w.u.C.) series and unconditionally converging (u.c.) series are preserved under the action of polynomials or holomorphic functions on Banach spaces, with natural restrictions in the latter case. Thus it is natural to introduce the unconditionally converging polynomials, defined as polynomials taking w.u.C. series into u.c.\ series, and analogously, the unconditionally converging holomorphic functions. We show that most of the classes of polynomials which have been considered in the literature consist of unconditionally converging polynomials. Then w…
We provide a new extension of Pitt's theorem for compact operators between quasi-Banach lattices, which permits to describe unconditional bases of finite direct sums of Banach spaces $\mathbb{X}_{1}\oplus\dots\oplus\mathbb{X}_{n}$ as direct sums of unconditional bases of its summands. The general splitting principle we obtain yields, in particular, that if each $\mathbb{X}_{i}$ has a unique unconditional basis (up to equivalence and permutation), then $\mathbb{X}_{1}\oplus \cdots\oplus\mathbb{X}_{n}$ has a unique unconditional basis too. Among the novel applications of our techniques to the st…
We prove that every lattice homomorphism acting on a Banach space $\mathcal{X}$ with the lattice structure given by an unconditional basis has a non-trivial closed invariant subspace. In fact, it has a non-trivial closed invariant ideal, which is no longer true for every positive operator on such a space. Motivated by these later examples, we characterize tridiagonal positive operators without non-trivial closed invariant ideals on $\mathcal{X}$ extending to this context a result of Grivaux on the existence of non-trivial closed invariant subspaces for tridiagonal operators.
For a Banach space X we define RUMD_n(X) to be the infimum of all c>0 such that (AVE_{ε_k =\pm 1} || \sum_1^n epsilon_k (M_k - M_{k-1} )||_{L_2^X}^2 )^{1/2} <= c || M_n ||_{L_2^X} holds for all Walsh-Paley martingales {M_k}_0^n subset L_2^X with M_0 =0. We relate the asymptotic behaviour of the sequence {RUMD(X)}_{n=1}^{infinity} to geometrical properties of the Banach space X such as K-convexity and superreflexivity.
For every Banach space $Z$ with a shrinking unconditional basis satisfying upper $p$-estimates for some $p > 1$, an isomorphically polyhedral Banach space is constructed having an unconditional basis and admitting a quotient isomorphic to $Z$.
For a constant $K\geq 1$ let $\mathfrak{B}_K$ be the class of pairs $(X,(\mathbf e_n)_{n\inω})$ consisting of a Banach space $X$ and an unconditional Schauder basis $(\mathbf e_n)_{n\inω}$ for $X$, having the unconditional basic constant $K_u\leq K$. Such pairs are called $K$-based Banach spaces. A based Banach space $X$ is rational if the unit ball of any finite-dimensional subspace spanned by finitely many basic vectors is a polyhedron whose vertices have rational coordinates in the Schauder basis of $X$. Using the technique of Fraïssé theory, we construct a rational $K$-based Banach space $…
Let $A,X,Y$ be Banach spaces and $A\times X\to Y$, $(a,x)\mapsto ax$, be a continuous bilinear function, called a *Banach action*. We say that this action *preserves unconditional convergence* if for every bounded sequence $(a_n)_{n\inω}$ in $A$ and unconditionally convergent series $\sum_{n\inω}x_n$ in $X$ the series $\sum_{n\inω}a_nx_n$ is unconditionally convergent. We prove that a Banach action $A\times X\to Y$ preserves unconditional convergence if and only if for any linear functional $y^*\in Y^*$ the operator $D_{y^*}:X\to A^*$, $D_{y^*}(x)(a)=y^*(ax)$, is absolutely summing. Combining …
We prove a structural property of the class of unconditionally saturated separable Banach spaces. We show, in particular, that for every analytic set $\aaa$, in the Effros-Borel space of subspaces of $C[0,1]$, of unconditionally saturated separable Banach spaces, there exists an unconditionally saturated Banach space $Y$, with a Schauder basis, that contains isomorphic copies of every space $X$ in the class $\aaa$.
We prove that if the squares of two unconditional bases are equivalent up to a permutation, then the bases themselves are permutatively equivalent. This settles a twenty year-old question raised by Casazza and Kalton in [Uniqueness of unconditional bases in Banach spaces, Israel J. Math. 103 (1998), 141--175]. Solving this problem provides a new paradigm to study the uniqueness of unconditional basis in the general framework of quasi-Banach spaces. Multiple examples are given to illustrate how to put in practice this theoretical scheme. Among the main applications of this principle we obtain t…
Two examples of asymptotic $\ell_{1}$ Banach spaces are given. The first, $X_{u}$, has an unconditional basis and is arbitrarily distortable. The second, $X$, does not contain any unconditional basic sequence. Both are spaces of the type of Tsirelson. We thus answer a question raised by W.T.Gowers.
We prove that if X is any complex separable infinite-dimensional Banach space with an unconditional Schauder decomposition, X supports an operator T which is chaotic and frequently hypercyclic. In contrast with the complex case, we observe that there are real Banach spaces with an unconditional basis which support no chaotic operator.
We give counterexamples to a conjecture of Bourgain, Casazza, Lindenstrauss and Tzafriri that if X has a unique unconditional basis (up to permutation) then so does c_0(X). In particular, we show that for Tsirelson's space T, every unconditional basis of c_0(T) must be equivalent to a subsequence of the canonical basis but c_0(T) still fails to have a unique unconditional basis. We also give some positive results including a simpler proof that c_0(l_1)has a unique unconditional basis.
Suppose that $X$ is a Banach space. We will show that $X$ does not contain a copy of $c_0$ if and only if for each series which is not unconditionally convergent in $X$ respective sets coding all bounded subseries and rearrangements are meager. We use Bessaga-Pełczy{ń}ski $c_0-$Theorem and concept of uniformly unconditionally bounded series. Moreover we prove similar result for the ideal boundedness for a class of Baire ideals using Talagrand's characterisation.
Let $X$ be a Banach space with separable dual. It is proved that for every $\varepsilon\in (0,1)$, $X$ embeds isometrically into a Banach space $W$ with a shrinking basis $(w_n)$ which is $(1+ \varepsilon)$-monotone. Moreover, if $X$ has further an FDD $(E_n)$ whose strong bimonotonicity projection constant is not larger than $\mathcal{D}$, then $(w_n)$ has strong bimonotonicity projection constant not exceeding $\mathcal{D}(1 +\varepsilon)$. Further, if $(E_n)$ is $\mathcal{C}$-unconditional then $(w_n)$ is $\mathcal{C}(1 + \varepsilon)$-unconditional. The proof uses renorming and skipped blo…
We show that the classification problem for genus n Banach spaces can be reduced to the unconditionally primary case and that the critical case there is n=2. It is further shown that a genus n Banach space is unconditionally primary if and only if it contains a complemented subspace of genus (n-1). We begin the process of classifying the genus 2 spaces by showing they have a strong decomposition property.
Our goal in this paper is to advance the state of the art of the topic of uniqueness of unconditional basis. To that end we establish general conditions on a pair $(\mathbb{X}, \mathbb{Y})$ formed by a quasi-Banach space $\mathbb{X}$ and a Banach space $\mathbb{Y}$ which guarantee that every unconditional basis of their direct sum $\mathbb{X}\oplus\mathbb{Y}$ splits into unconditional bases of each summand. As application of our methods we obtain that, among others, the spaces $H_p(\mathbb{T}^d) \oplus\mathcal{T}^{(2)}$ and $H_p(\mathbb{T}^d)\oplus\ell_2$, for $p\in(0,1)$ and $d\in\mathbb{N}$,…
In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of fixed point for partially ordered contraction type operators in Banach Space. We also present applications to integral and differential equations.
The following dichotomy is established for a normalized weakly null sequence in a Banach space: Either every subsequence admits a convex block subsequence equivalent to the unit vector basis of c, the Banach space of null sequences under the supremum norm, or there exists a subsequence which is boundedly convexly complete. This result generalizes J. Elton's dichotomy on weakly null sequences.
We introduce a new diametral notion for points of the unit sphere of Banach spaces, that naturally complements the notion of Delta-points, but is weaker than the notion of Daugavet points. We prove that this notion can be used to provide a new geometric characterization of the Daugavet property, as well as to recover -- and even to provide new -- results about Daugavet points in various contexts such as absolute sums of Banach spaces or projective tensor products. Finally, we show that this notion leads to powerful new ideas for renorming questions, and that those ideas can be combined with pr…
In this paper, we introduce the concept of biamenability of Banach algebras and we show that despite the apparent similarities between amenability and biamenability of Banach algebras, they lead to very different, and somewhat opposed, theories. In this regard, we show that commutative Banach algebras such as R and C tend to lack biamenability, while they may be amenable and highly noncommutative Banach algebras such as B(H) for an infinite dimensional Hilbert space H tend to be biamenable, while they are not amenable. Also, we show that although the unconditional unitization of an amenable Ba…
It is shown that every normalized weakly null sequence of length $κ_λ$ in a Banach space has a subsequence of length $λ$ which is an unconditional basic sequence; here $κ_λ$ is a large cardinal depending on a given infinite cardinal $λ$. Transfinite topological games on Banach spaces are analyzed which determine the existence of a long unconditional basic sequence. Then 'asymptotic disentanglement' condition in a transfinite setting is studied which ensures a winning strategy for the unconditional basic sequence builder in the above game. The following problem is investigated: When does a Mark…
This paper studies Schauder frames in Banach spaces, a concept which is a natural generalization of frames in Hilbert spaces and Schauder bases in Banach spaces. The associated minimal and maximal spaces are introduced, as are shrinking and boundedly complete Schauder frames. Our main results extend the classical duality theorems on bases to the situation of Schauder frames. In particular, we will generalize James' results on shrinking and boundedly complete bases to frames. Secondly we will extend his characterization of the reflexivity of spaces with unconditional bases to spaces with uncond…
We present a reflexive Banach space with an unconditional basis which is quasi-minimal and tight by range, i.e. of type (4) in Ferenczi-Rosendal list within the framework of Gowers' classification program of Banach spaces. The space is an unconditional variant of the Gowers Hereditarily Indecomposable space with asymptotically unconditional basis.
We present an isometric version of the complementably universal Banach space $\mathbb{P}$ with a Schauder decomposition. The space $\mathbb{P}$ is isomorphic to Pełczyński's space with a universal basis as well as to Kadec' complementably universal space with the bounded approximation property.
We present a reflexive Banach space with an unconditional basis which is quasi-minimal and tight by range, i.e. of type (4) in Ferenczi-Rosendal list within the framework of Gowers' classification program of Banach spaces, but contrary to the recently constructed space of type (4) also tight with constants, thus essentially extending the list of known examples in Gowers classification program. The space is defined on the base on a boundedly modified mixed Tsirelson space with use of a special coding function.
We prove that an interpolation pair of Banach lattices is uniquely determined by the collection of intermediate spaces with the property that these are interpolation spaces for positive operators. A correspondent result for exact interpolation is also presented.
Our aim is to investigate the properties of existence and uniqueness of greedy bases in Banach spaces. We show the non-existence of greedy basis in some Nakano spaces and Orlicz sequence spaces and produce the first-known examples of non-trivial spaces (i.e., different from $c_0$, $\ell_1$, and $\ell_2$) with a unique greedy basis.
We show that a pseudoconvex open subset of a Banach space with an unconditional basis is biholomorphic to a closed direct submanifold of a Banach space with an unconditional basis.
Generalization of Lyapunov convexity theorem is proved for vector measure with values in Banach spaces with unconditional bases, which are q-concave for some $q<\infty.$
A generalization of Lozanovskii's result is proved. Let E be $k$-dimensional subspace of an $n$-dimensional Banach space with unconditional basis. Then there exist $x_1,..,x_k \subset E$ such that $B_E \p \subset \p absconv\{x_1,..,x_k\}$ and \[ \kla \frac{{\rm vol}(absconv\{x_1,..,x_k\})}{{\rm vol}(B_E)} \mer^{\frac{1}{k}} \kl \kla e\p \frac{n}{k} \mer^2 \pl .\] This answers a question of V. Milman which appeared during a GAFA seminar talk about the hyperplane problem. We add logarithmical estimates concerning the hyperplane conjecture for proportional subspaces and quotients of Banach spaces…
We show that any Banach space contains a continuum of non isomorphic subspaces or a minimal subspace. We define an ergodic Banach space $X$ as a space such that $E_0$ Borel reduces to isomorphism on the set of subspaces of $X$, and show that every Banach space is either ergodic or contains a subspace with an unconditional basis $ which is complementably universal for the family of its block-subspaces. We also use our methods to get uniformity results; for example, in combination with a result of B. Maurey, V. Milman and N. Tomczak-Jaegermann, we show that an unconditional basis of a Banach spa…
We study the problem of the existence of unconditional basic sequences in Banach spaces of high density. We show, in particular, the relative consistency with GCH of the statement that every Banach space of density $\aleph_ω$ contains an unconditional basic sequence.
A Banach space E is c_0-saturated if every closed infinite dimensional subspace of E contains an isomorph of c_0. A c_0-saturated Banach space with an unconditional basis which has a quotient space isomorphic to l^2 is constructed.
If a Banach space is saturated with basic sequences whose linear span embeds into the linear span of any subsequence, then it contains a minimal subspace. It follows that any Banach space is either ergodic or contains a minimal subspace. For a Banach space $X$ with an (unconditional) basis, topological 0-1 law type dichotomies are stated for block-subspaces of $X$ as well as for subspaces of $X$ with a successive FDD on its basis. A uniformity principle for properties of block-sequences, results about block-homogeneity, and a possible method to construct a Banach space with an unconditional ba…
We introduce the class of Orlicz-Pettis polynomials between Banach spaces, defined by their action on weakly unconditionally Cauchy series. We give a number of equivalent definitions, examples and counterexamples which highlight the differences between these polynomials and the corresponding linear operators.
We study conditions on a Banach frame that ensures the validity of a reconstruction formula. In particular, we show that any Banach frames for (a subspace of) $L_p$ or $L_{p,q}$ ($1\le p < \infty$) with respect to a solid sequence space always satisfies an unconditional reconstruction formula. The existence of reconstruction formulae allows us to prove some James-type results for atomic decompositions: an unconditional atomic decomposition (or unconditional Schauder frame) for $X$ is shrinking (respectively, boundedly complete) if and only if $X$ does not contain an isomorphic copy of $\ell_1$…
We give new and simple proofs of some classical properties of hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces, including the result by W. T. Gowers and B. Maurey that a hereditarily indecomposable Banach space cannot be isomorphic to a proper subspace of itself. These proofs do not make use of spectral theory and therefore, they work in real spaces as well as in complex spaces. We use our method to prove some new results. For example, we give a quantitative version of the latter result by Gowers and Maurey and deduce that Banach spaces that are isometric to all of their subspaces should have an unco…
