Ben Bielefeld, Mikhail Lyubich, Lennart Carleson, Robert Devaney, Alexandre Eremenko, Curt McMullen, John Milnor, Feliks Przytycki, Mary Rees, Scott Sutherland
Contents:
1. Quasiconformal Surgery and Deformations: Ben Bielefeld, Questions in quasiconformal surgery; Curt McMullen, Rational maps and Teichmüller space; John Milnor, Thurston's algorithm without critical finiteness; Mary Rees, A possible approach to a complex renormalization problem.
2. Geometry of Julia Sets: Lennart Carleson, Geometry of Julia sets; John Milnor, Problems on local connectivity.
3. Measurable Dynamics: Mikhail Lyubich, Measure and Dimension of Julia Sets; Feliks Przytycki, On invariant measures for iterations of holomorphic maps.
4. Iterates of Entire Functions: Robert Devaney, Open questions in non-rational complex dynamics; Alexandre Eremenko and Mikhail Lyubich, Wandering domains for holomorphic maps.
5. Newton's Method: Scott Sutherland, Bad polynomials for Newton's method
We study the dynamics of compositions of a sequence of holomorphic mappings in projective space. We define ergodicity and mixing for non-autonomous dynamical systems, and we construct totally invariant measures for which our sequence satisfies these properties.
We give a brief survey on local holomorphic dynamics in higher dimensions. The main novelty of this note is that we will organize the material by the "level" of local invariants rather than the type of maps.
In this note we review a selection of contemporary research themes in holomorphic dynamics. The main topics that will be discussed are: geometric (laminar and woven) currents and their applications, bifurcation theory in one and several variables, and the problem of wandering Fatou components.
We present a list of open questions in the theory of holomorphic foliations, possibly with singularities. Some problems have been around for a while, others are very accessible.
We prove that the stable manifold of every point in a compact hyperbolic invariant set of a holomorphic automorphism of a complex manifold is biholomorphic to a complex vector space, provided that a bunching condition, which is weaker than the classical bunching condition for linearizability, holds.
In this survey we provide detailed proofs for the results by Hakim regarding the dynamics of germs of biholomorphisms tangent to the identity of order $k+1\ge 2$ and fixing the origin.
In [M3], Milnor found Tricorn-like sets in the parameter space of real cubic polynomials. We give a rigorous definition of these Tricorn-like sets as suitable renormalization loci, and show that the dynamically natural straightening map from such a Tricorn-like set to the original Tricorn is discontinuous. We also prove some rigidity theorems for polynomial parabolic germs, which state that one can recover unicritical holomorphic and anti-holomorphic polynomials from their parabolic germs.
This is a survey on local dynamics of holomorphic maps in one and several complex variables, discussing in particular normal forms and the structure of local stable sets in the non-hyperbolic case, and including several proofs and a vast bibliography. It updates and enlarge the previous survey arXiv:math/0310089v1.
We establish a formula for the sum of the Lyapounov exponents of an holomorphic endomorphism of ${\bf P}^k$. For an holomorphic family of such endomorphisms we define the {\em bifurcation current} as $dd^cL$ and show that it vanishes when the repulsive cycles move holomorphically. We then prove a formula which relates this current with the interaction between the Green current and the current of integration on the critical set. In the 1-dimensional case (i.e. for ${\bf P}^1$) we find a geometrical description of the support of this current and its powers. Finally we introduce the {\em bifurcat…
We study the dynamics of holomorphic correspondences $f$ on a compact Riemann surface $X$ in the case, so far not well understood, where $f$ and $f^{-1}$ have the same topological degree. Under a mild and necessary condition that we call non weak modularity, $f$ admits two canonical probability measures $μ^+$ and $μ^-$ which are invariant by $f^*$ and $f_*$ respectively. If the critical values of $f$ (resp. $f^{-1}$) are not periodic, the backward (resp. forward) orbit of any point $a \in X$ equidistributes towards $μ^+$ (resp. $μ^-$), uniformly in $a$ and exponentially fast.
This is a survey on the local structure about a fixed point of discrete finite-dimensional holomorphic dynamical systems, discussing in particular the existence of local topological conjugacies to normal forms, and the structure of local stable sets in the non-hyperbolic case. The author hopes to keep the survey up to date, and thus it would be grateful to anybody pointing out missing (or mistaken) results and references, and/or suggesting topics to be included or expanded in it.
This paper studies recurrence phenomena in iterative holomorphic dynamics of certain multi-valued maps. In particular, we prove an analogue of the Poincaré recurrence theorem for meromorphic correspondences with respect to certain dynamically interesting measures associated with them. Meromorphic correspondences present a significant measure-theoretic obstacle: the image of a Borel set under a meromorphic correspondence need not be Borel. We manage this issue using the Measurable Projection Theorem, which is an aspect of descriptive set theory. We also prove a result concerning invariance prop…
Perez-Marco proved the existence of non-trivial totally invariant connected compacts called hedgehogs near the fixed point of a nonlinearizable germ of holomorphic diffeomorphism. We show that if two nonlinearisable holomorphic germs with a common indifferent fixed point have a common hedgehog then they must commute. This allows us to establish a correspondence between hedgehogs and nonlinearizable maximal abelian subgroups of Diff$(\bf C,0)$. We also show that two nonlinearizable germs are conjugate if and only if their rotation numbers are equal and a hedgehog of one can be mapped conformall…
We establish a Poincaré-Dulac theorem for sequences (G_n)_n of holomorphic contractions whose differentials d_0 G_n split regularly. The resonant relations determining the normal forms hold on the moduli of the exponential rates of contraction. Our results are actually stated in the framework of bundle maps. Such sequences of holomorphic contractions appear naturally as iterated inverse branches of endomorphisms of CP(k). In this context, our normalization result allows to precisely estimate the distortions of ellipsoids along typical orbits. As an application, we show how the Lyapunov exponen…
Fibered holomorphic dynamics are skew-product transformations over an irrational rotation, whose fibers are holomorphic functions. In this paper we study such a dynamics on a neighborhood of an invariant curve. We obtain some results analogous to the results in the non fibered case.
It has been an open problem for about ten years whether every trajectory of a parabolic one-parameter semigroup in the unit disk tends to the Denjoy-Wolff point with a definite (and common for all trajectories) slope. In this paper, we give the negative answer to this question.
This is an expository plus research paper which mainly exposes preliminary connection and contrast between classical complex dynamics and semigroup dynamics of holomorphic functions. Classically, we expose some existing results of rational and transcendental dynamics and we see how far these results generalized to holomorphic semigroup dynamics as well as we also see what new phenomena occur.
This survey is an introduction to the classification of Fatou components in holomorphic dynamics. We start with the description of the Fatou and Julia sets for rational maps of the Riemann sphere, and finish with an account of the recent results on Fatou components for polynomial skew-products in complex dimension two, where we focus on the key steps in the construction giving the existence of a wandering domain for a polynomial endomorphism of $\mathbb{C}^2$.
It is well known that baby Mandelbrot sets are homeomorphic to the original one. We study baby Tricorns appearing in the Tricorn, which is the connectedness locus of quadratic anti-holomorphic polynomials, and show that the dynamically natural straightening map from a baby Tricorn to the original Tricorn is discontinuous at infinitely many explicit parameters. This is the first known example of discontinuity of straightening maps on a real two-dimensional slice of an analytic family of holomorphic polynomials. The proof of discontinuity is carried out by showing that all non-real umbilical cor…
We use semigroup theory to describe the group of automorphisms of some semigroups of interest in holomorphic dynamical systems. We show, with some examples, that representation theory of semigroups is related to usual constructions in holomorphic dynamics. The main tool for our discussion is a theorem due to Schreier. We extend this theorem, and our results in semigroups, to the setting of correspondences and holomorphic correspondences.
We give an interpretation of the Riemann hypothesis in terms of complex and topological dynamics. For example, the Riemann hypothesis is affirmative and all zeros of the Riemann zeta function are simple if and only if a certain meromorphic function has no attracting fixed point. To obtain this, we use holomorphic index (residue fixed point index), which characterizes local properties of fixed points in complex dynamics.
We prove closing lemmas for automorphisms of a Stein manifold with the density property and for endomorphisms of an Oka-Stein manifold. In the former case we need to impose a new tameness condition. It follows that hyperbolic periodic points are dense in the tame non-wandering set of a generic automorphism of a Stein manifold with the density property and in the non-wandering set of a generic endomorphism of an Oka-Stein manifold. These are the first results about holomorphic dynamics on Oka manifolds. We strengthen previous results of ours on the existence and genericity of chaotic volume-pre…
We consider stable manifolds of a holomorphic diffeomorphism of a complex manifold. Using a conjugation of the dynamics to a (non-stationary) polynomial normal form, we show that typical stable manifolds are biholomorphic to complex Euclidean space.
We prove almost sure invariance principle, a strong form of approximation by Brownian motion, for non-autonomous holomorphic dynamical systems on complex projective space $\Bbb{P}^k$ for Hölder continuous and DSH observables.
These are the notes of a short course I gave in the school "Aspects métriques et dynamiques en analyse complete", Lille, May 2015. The aim of this notes is to describe how to use a geometric structure (namely, the Kobayashi distance) to explore and encode analytic properties of holomorphic functions and maps defined on complex manifolds. We shall first describe the main properties of the Kobayashi distance, and then we shall present applications to holomorphic dynamics in taut manifolds, strongly pseudo convex domains and convex domains, and to operator theory in Bergman spaces (Carleson measu…
In dimensions greater than or equal to 3, the local structure of a singular holomorphic foliation conceals a globally defined foliation on the projective space of dimension one less. In this paper, we will discuss how the global dynamics of the latter foliation exerts influence on several problems that apparently have a purely local nature. In the course of the discussion, a few recent results and open problems in the area will be reviewed as well.
We prove the existence and the essential uniqueness of canonical models for the forward (resp. backward) iteration of a holomorphic self-map $f$ of a cocompact Kobayashi hyperbolic complex manifold, such as the ball $\mathbb{B}^q$ or the polydisc $Δ^q$. This is done performing a time-dependent conjugacy of the dynamical system $(f^n)$, obtaining in this way a non-autonomous dynamical system admitting a relatively compact forward (resp. backward) orbit, and then proving the existence of a natural complex structure on a suitable quotient of the direct limit (resp. subset of the inverse limit). A…
Let $M$ be a complex manifold and $S\subset M$ a (possibly singular) subvariety of $M$. Let $f\colon M\to M$ be a holomorphic map such that $f$ restricted to $S$ is the identity. We show that one can associate to $f$ a holomorphic section $X_f$ of a sheaf related to the embedding of $S$ in $M$ and that such a section reads the dynamical behavior of $f$ along $S$. In particular we prove that under generic hypotheses the canonical section $X_f$ induces a holomorphic action in the sense of Bott on the normal bundle of (the regular part of) $S$ in $M$ and this allows to obtain for holomorphic self…
We study the backward dynamics of one-parameter semigroups of holomorphic self-maps of the unit disk. More specifically, we introduce the speeds of convergence for petals of the semigroup, namely the total, orthogonal, and tangential speeds. These are analogous to speeds of convergence introduced by Bracci, yet profoundly different due to the nature of backward dynamics. Results are extracted on the asymptotic behavior of speeds of petals, depending on the type of the petal. We further discuss the asymptotic behavior of the hyperbolic distance along non-regular backward orbits.
In this paper, we prove that escaping set of transcendental semigroup is S-forward invariant. We also prove that if holomorphic semigroup is abelian, then Fatou set, Julia set and escaping set are S-completely invariant. We see certain cases and conditions that the holomorphic semigroup dynamics exhibits same dynamical behavior just like the classical complex dynamics. Frequently, we also examine certain amount of connection and contrast between classical complex dynamics and holomorphic semigroup dynamics.
We show by explicit example that local intersection multiplicities in holomorphic dynamical systems can grow arbitrarily fast, answering a question of V. I. Arnold. On the other hand, we provide results showing that such behavior is exceptional, and that typically local intersection multiplicities grow subexponentially.
For a class of one-dimensional holomorphic maps f of the Riemann sphere we prove that for a wide class of potentials h the topological pressure is entirely determined by the values of h on the repelling periodic points of f. This is a version of a classical result of Bowen for hyperbolic diffeomorphisms in the holomorphic non-uniformly hyperbolic setting.
The purpose of this paper is to initiate a theory concerning the dynamics of asymptotically holomorphic polynomial-like maps. Our maps arise naturally as deep renormalizations of asymptotically holomorphic extensions of $C^r$ ($r>3$) unimodal maps that are infinitely renormalizable of bounded type. Here we prove a version of the Fatou-Julia-Sullivan theorem and a topological straightening theorem in this setting. In particular, these maps do not have wandering domains and their Julia sets are locally connected.
We consider complex dynamics of a critically finite holomorphic map from P^k to P^k, which has symmetries associated with the symmetric group S_{k+2} acting on P^k, for each k \ge 1. The Fatou set of each map of this family consists of attractive basins of superattracting points. Each map of this family satisfies Axiom A.
In this paper, we present a new technique for studying the dynamics of a finitely generated rational semigroup. Such a semigroup can be associated naturally to a certain holomorphic correspondence on $\mathbb{P}^1$. Then, results on the iterative dynamics of such a correspondence can be applied to the study of the rational semigroup. We focus on a certain invariant measure for the aforementioned correspondence---known as the equilibrium measure. This confers some advantages over many of the known techniques for studying the dynamics of rational semigroups. We use the equilibrium measure to ana…
After a short review on foliations, we prove that a codimension 1 holomorphic foliation on $\mathbb P^3_{\mathbb C}$ with simple singularities is given by a closed rational 1-form. The proof uses Hironaka-Matsumura prolongation theorem of formal objects.
We investigate to what extent Fatou set, Julia set and escaping set of transcendental semigroup is respectively equal to the Fatou set, Julia set and escaping set of its subsemigroup. We define partial fundamental set and fundamental set of transcendental semigroup and on the basis of this set, we prove that Fatou set and escaping set of transcendental semigroup $ S $ are non-empty.
In the field of holomorphic dynamics in one complex variable, hedgehog is the local invariant set arising about a Cremer point and endowed with a very complicate shape as well as relating to very weak numerical conditions. We give a solution to the open problem of its digital visualization, featuring either a time saving approach and a far-reaching insight.
This manuscript is an introduction to the theory of holomorphic foliations on the complex projective plane. Historically the subject has emerged from the theory of ODEs in the complex domain and various attempts to solve Hilbert's 16th Problem, but with the introduction of complex algebraic geometry, foliation theory and dynamical systems, it has now become an interesting subject of its own.
This paper, based in part on joint work with Stanisław Domoradzki, concerns Lucjan Emil Böttcher (1872-1937)-- a little-known Polish mathematician active in Lwów. I outline Böttcher's scholarly path, focusing on his studies in Leipzig with Sophus Lie, his later academic career in Lwów and the hindrances he faced in its advancement. I also describe very briefly his mathematical achievements. In view of later developments in holomorphic dynamics, I argue that, despite flaws in his work, Böttcher should be regarded not only as a contributor to the area but in fact as one of its founders.
We study the monodromy of Painlevé VI equation from a dynamical point of view. This is applied to the description of bounded orbits, and to a proof of the irreducibility of Painlevé VI equation in the sens of Casale and Malgrange. On our way, we compute the entropy of each element of the monodromy group, and we precise the dictionary between character varieties and Painlevé equations.
We show that all GL(2, R)-equivariant point markings over orbit closures of primitive genus two translation surfaces arise from marking pairs of points exchanged by the hyperelliptic involution, Weierstrass points, or the golden points in the golden eigenform locus. As corollaries, we classify the holomorphically varying families of points over orbifold covers of genus two Hilbert modular surfaces, solve the finite blocking problem on genus two translation surfaces, and show that there is at most one nonarithmetic rank two orbit closure in the minimal stratum in genus four.
In this paper we study the dynamics of a holomorphic vector field near a singular point in dimension two using asymptotic expansion techniques. We consider a holomorphic vector field admitting first integrals in small sectors with nonzero asymptotic expansion. Under some natural hypotheses we prove the existence of a holomorphic first integral.
In this work, we study dominant rational maps preserving singular holomorphic codimension one foliations on projective manifolds and that exhibit non-trivial transverse dynamics.
Given a rational map $R$, we consider the complement of the postcritical set $S_R$. In this paper we discuss the existence of invariant Beltrami differentials supported on a $R$ invariant subset $A$ of $S_R$. Under some geometrical restrictions, either on the hyperbolic geometry of $A$ or on the asymptotic behavior of infinitesimal geodesics of the Teichmüller space of $S_R$, we show the absence of invariant Beltrami differentials supported on $A$. In particular, we show that if $A$ has finite hyperbolic area, then $A$ can not support invariant Beltrami differentials except in the case where $…
We study some dynamical properties of skew products of Hénon maps of $\mbb C^2$ that are fibered over a compact metric space $M$. The problem reduces to understanding the dynamical behavior of the composition of a pseudo-random sequence of Hénon mappings. In analogy with the dynamics of the iterates of a single Hénon map, it is possible to construct fibered Green's functions that satisfy suitable invariance properties and the corresponding stable and unstable currents. This analogy is carried forth in two ways: it is shown that the successive pullbacks of a suitable current by the skew Hénon m…
We study the existence of (relative) simple choreographies for a class of Hamiltonian systems describing the interaction of particles in the plane motivated mainly by the n-vortex type problem. In particular, by constructing choreographic pseudo-holomorphic spheres, we prove that there exist infinitely many non-trivial relative choreographies for the identical n-vortex problem arising from both the Euler equation and the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
Gambaudo and Pécou introduced the ``linking property'' to study the dynamics of germs of planar homeomorphims and provide a new proof of Naishul theorem in their paper "A topological invariant for volume preserving diffeomorphisms" (Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 15 (1995), no. 3, 535--541). In this paper we prove that the negation of Gambaudo-Pécou property characterises the topological dynamics of holomorphic parabolic germs. As a consequence, a rotation set for germs of surface homeomorphisms around a fixed point can be defined, and it will turn out to be non trivial except for countably man…
