We study the concept of canonical characteristic set of a characterizable differential ideal. We propose an efficient algorithm that transforms any characteristic set into the canonical one. We prove the basic properties of canonical characteristic sets. In particular, we show that in the ordinary case for any ranking the order of each element of the canonical characteristic set of a characterizable differential ideal is bounded by the order of the ideal. Finally, we propose a factorization-free algorithm for computing the canonical characteristic set of a characterizable differential ideal represented as a radical ideal by a set of generators. The algorithm is not restricted to the ordinary case and is applicable for an arbitrary ranking.
We generalize the differential dimension polynomial from prime differential ideals to characterizable differential ideals. Its computation is algorithmic, its degree and leading coefficient remain differential birational invariants, and it decides equality of characterizable differential ideals contained in each other.
We consider the Rosenfeld-Groebner algorithm for computing a regular decomposition of a radical differential ideal generated by a set of ordinary differential polynomials in n indeterminates. For a set of ordinary differential polynomials F, let M(F) be the sum of maximal orders of differential indeterminates occurring in F. We propose a modification of the Rosenfeld-Groebner algorithm, in which for every intermediate polynomial system F, the bound M(F) is less than or equal to (n-1)!M(G), where G is the initial set of generators of the radical ideal. In particular, the resulting regular syste…
Neural ideals, originally defined in arXiv:1212.4201, give a way of translating information about the firing pattern of a set of neurons into a pseudomonomial ideal in a polynomial ring. We give a simple criterion for determining whether a neural ideal is in canonical form, along with an improved algorithm for computing the canonical form of a neural ideal.
We show that the Castelnuovo--Mumford regularity of the canonical or a deficiency module of the quotient of a polynomial ring by a monomial ideal is bounded by its dimension.
In this paper, we prove that every binomial ideal in a polynomial ring over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero admits a canonical primary decomposition into binomial ideals. Moreover, we prove that this special decomposition is obtained from a cellular decomposition which is also defined in a canonical way and does not depend on the field.
We propose the notion of GAS numerical semigroup which generalizes both almost symmetric and 2-AGL numerical semigroups. Moreover, we introduce the concept of almost canonical ideal which generalizes the notion of canonical ideal in the same way almost symmetric numerical semigroups generalize symmetric ones. We prove that a numerical semigroup with maximal ideal $M$ and multiplicity $e$ is GAS if and only if $M-e$ is an almost canonical ideal of $M-M$. This generalizes a result of Barucci about almost symmetric semigroups and a theorem of Chau, Goto, Kumashiro, and Matsuoka about 2-AGL semigr…
In this paper, we introduce an invariant of Cohen-Macaulay local rings in terms of the reduction number of canonical ideals. The invariant can be defined in arbitrary Cohen-Macaulay rings and it measures how close to being Gorenstein. First, we clarify the relation between almost Gorenstein rings and nearly Gorenstein rings by using the invariant in dimension one. We next characterize the idealization of trace ideals over Gorenstein rings in terms of the invariant. It provides better prospects for a result of the almost Gorenstein property of idealization.
The purpose of this paper is to introduce new invariants of Cohen-Macaulay local rings. Our focus is the class of Cohen-Macaulay local rings that admit a canonical ideal. Attached to each such ring R with a canonical ideal C, there are integers--the type of R, the reduction number of C--that provide valuable metrics to express the deviation of R from being a Gorenstein ring. We enlarge this list with other integers--the roots of R and several canonical degrees. The latter are multiplicity based functions of the Rees algebra of C.
The notion of 2-AGL ring in dimension one which is a natural generalization of almost Gorenstein local ring is posed in terms of the rank of Sally modules of canonical ideals. The basic theory is developed, investigating also the case where the rings considered are numerical semigroup rings over fields. Examples are explored.
For a numerical semigroup ring $K[H]$ we study the trace of its canonical ideal. The colength of this ideal is called the residue of $H$. This invariant measures how far is $H$ from being symmetric, i.e. $K[H]$ from being a Gorenstein ring. We remark that the canonical trace ideal contains the conductor ideal, and we study bounds for the residue. For $3$-generated numerical semigroups we give explicit formulas for the canonical trace ideal and the residue of $H$. Thus, in this setting we can classify those whose residue is at most one (the nearly-Gorenstein ones), and we show the eventual peri…
In this paper we show that the depth and the Stanley depth of the factor of two monomial ideals is invariant under taking a so called canonical form. It follows easily that the Stanley Conjecture holds for the factor if and only if it holds for its canonical form. In particular, we construct an algorithm which simplifies the depth computation and using the canonical form we massively reduce the run time for the sdepth computation.
We study one-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay rings whose trace ideal of the canonical module is as small as possible. In this paper we call such rings far-flung Gorenstein rings. We investigate far-flung Gorenstein rings in relation with the endomorphism algebras of the maximal ideals and numerical semigroup rings. We show that the solution of the Rohrbach problem in additive number theory provides an upper bound for the multiplicity of far-flung Gorenstein numerical semigroup rings. Reflexive modules over far-flung Gorenstein rings are also studied.
Let $S = k[x_{11}, \cdots, x_{1b_1}, \cdots, x_{n1}, \cdots, x_{nb_n}]$ be a polynomial ring in $m = b_1 + \cdots + b_n$ variables over a field $k$. For all $j$, $1\le j \le n$, let $P_j$ be the prime ideal generated by variables $\{x_{j1}, \cdots, x_{jb_j}\}$ and let $$I_{n, t} = \sum_{1\le j_1< \cdots <j_t\le n} P_{j_1}\ldots P_{j_t}$$ be the transversal monomial ideal of degree $t$ on $P_1, \cdots, P_n$. We explicitly construct a canonical polytopal $\mathbb{Z}^t$-graded minimal free resolution for the ideal $I_{n, t}$ by means of suitable gluing of polytopes.
We relate the annihilators of graded components of the canonical module of a graded Cohen-Macaulay ring to colon ideals of powers of the homogeneous maximal ideal. In particular, we connect them to the core of the maximal ideal. An application of our results characterizes Cayley-Bacharach sets of points in terms of the structure of the core of the maximal ideal of their homogeneous coordinate ring. In particular, we show that a scheme is Cayley-Bacharach if and only if the core is a power of the maximal ideal.
For any finitely generated module $M$ with non-zero rank over a commutative one dimensional Noetherian local domain, the numerical invariant $h(M)$ was introduced and studied in the author's previous work "Partial Trace Ideals and Berger's Conjecture". We establish a bound on it which helps capture information about the torsion submodule of $M$ when $M$ has rank one and it also generalizes the discussion in the mentioned previous article. We further study bounds and properties of $h(M)$ in the case when $M$ is the canonical module $ω_R$. This in turn helps in answering a question of S. Greco a…
In this paper, we introduce the concept of canonical stretched rings, sparse stretched rings and maximum sparse ideals. Then we give characterizations of canonical stretched rings and sparse stretched rings; and a characterization of Gorenstein rings in terms of their maximum sparse ideals. Several explicit examples are provided along the paper to illustrate such rings.
Let $(R, \mathfrak m)$ be a one dimensional local Cohen-Macaulay ring. An $\mathfrak m$-primary ideal $I$ of $R$ is Elias if the types of $I$ and of $R/I$ are equal. Canonical and principal ideals are Elias, and Elias ideals are closed under inclusion. We give multiple characterizations of Elias ideals and concrete criteria to identify them. We connect Elias ideals to other well-studied definitions: Ulrich, $\mathfrak m$-full, integrally closed, trace ideals, etc. Applications are given regarding canonical ideals, conductors and the Auslander index.
This paper is a sequel to [8] where we introduced an invariant, called canonical degree, of Cohen-Macaulay local rings that admit a canonical ideal. Here to each such ring with a canonical ideal, we attach a different invariant, called bi-canonical degree, which in dimension 1 appears also in [12] as the residue of a ring. The minimal values of these functions characterize specific classes of Cohen-Macaulay rings. We give a uniform presentation of such degrees and discuss some computational opportunities offered by the bi-canonical degree.
We discuss invariants of Cohen-Macaulay local rings that admit a canonical module $ω$. Attached to each such ring R, when $ω$ is an ideal, there are integers--the type of R, the reduction number of $ω$--that provide valuable metrics to express the deviation of R from being a Gorenstein ring. In arXiv:1701.05592 and arXiv:1711.09480 we enlarged this list with the canonical degree and the bi-canonical degree. In this work we extend the bi-canonical degree to rings where $ω$ is not necessarily an ideal. We also discuss generalizations to rings without canonical modules but admitting modules shari…
In this paper we consider the problem of finding explicitly canonical ideals of one-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local rings. We show that Gorenstein ideals contained in a high power of the maximal ideal are canonical ideals. In the codimension two case, from a Hilbert-Burch resolution, we show how to construct canonical ideals of curve singularities. Finally, we translate the problem of the analytic classification of curve singularities to the classification of local Artin Gorenstein rings with suitable length.
Let R be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring possessing a canonical module. In this paper we consider when the maximal ideal of R is self-dual, i.e. it is isomorphic to its canonical dual as an R-module. local rings satisfying this condition are called Teter rings, and studied by Teter, Huneke-Vraciu, Ananthnarayan-Avramov-Moore, and so on. On the positive dimensional case, we show such rings are exactly the endomorphism rings of the maximal ideals of some Gorenstein local rings of dimension one. We also provide some connection between the self-duality of the maximal ideal and near Gorensteinness.
The notion of 2-almost Gorenstein local ring (2-AGL ring for short) is a generalization of the notion of almost Gorenstein local ring from the point of view of Sally modules of canonical ideals. In this paper, for further developments of the theory, we discuss three different topics on 2-AGL rings. The first one is to clarify the structure of minimal presentations of canonical ideals, and the second one is the study of the question of when certain fiber products, so called amalgamated duplications are 2-AGL rings. We also explore Ulrich ideals in 2-AGL rings, mainly two-generated ones.
After recalling briefly the main properties of the amalgamated duplication of a ring $R$ along an ideal $I$, denoted by $R\JoinI$, we restrict our attention to the study of the properties of $R\JoinI$, when $I$ is a multiplicative canonical ideal of $R$ \cite{hhp}. In particular, we study when every regular fractional ideal of $R\Join I$ is divisorial.
Let ${\cal R}_{\mathbb{K}}[H]$ be the Hibi ring over a field $\mathbb{K}$ on a finite distributive lattice $H$, $P$ the set of join-irreducible elements of $H$ and $ω$ the canonical ideal of ${\cal R}_{\mathbb{K}}[H]$. We show the powers $ω^{(n)}$ of $ω$ in the group of divisors $\mathrm{Div}({\cal R}_{\mathbb{K}}[H])$ is identical with the ordinal powers of $ω$, describe the $\mathbb{K}$-vector space basis of $ω^{(n)}$ for $n\in\mathbb{Z}$. Further, we show that the fiber cones $\bigoplus_{n\geq 0}ω^n/\mathfrak{m}ω^n$ and $\bigoplus_{n\geq0}(ω^{(-1)})^n/\mathfrak{m}(ω^{(-1)})^n$ of $ω$ and $ω…
An Artinian ideal $I$ of $k[x,y]$ has many Hilbert-Burch matrices. We show that there is a canonical choice. As an application, we determine the dimension of certain affine Gröbner cells and their Betti strata recovering results of Ellingsrud and Strømme, Göttsche and Iarrobino.
The aim of this survey is to discuss invariants of Cohen-Macaulay local rings that admit a canonical module. Attached to each such ring R with a canonical ideal C, there are integers--the type of R, the reduction number of C--that provide valuable metrics to express the deviation of R from being a Gorenstein ring. We enlarge this list with other integers--the roots of R and several canonical degrees. The latter are multiplicity based functions of the Rees algebra of C. We give a uniform presentation of three degrees arising from common roots. Finally we experiment with ways to extend one of th…
In this note we study trace ideals of canonical modules. Characterizations of the trace ideals in terms of annihilators of certain Ext modules are given. We apply our results to study many classes of rings close to being Gorenstein that appear in recent literature. We discuss the behavior of nearly Gorensteinness, introduced by Herzog-Hibi-Stamate, under reductions by regular sequences. A nearly Gorenstein version of the Tachikawa conjecture is posed, and an affirmative answer given for type 2 rings. We also introduce the class of weakly almost Gorenstein rings using the canonical module, and …
The $F$-pure threshold is a numerical invariant of prime characteristic singularities, that constitutes an analogue of the log canonical thresholds in characteristic zero. We compute the $F$-pure thresholds of determinantal ideals, i.e., of ideals generated by the minors of a generic matrix.
Let P be a poset, O(P) the order polytope of P and C(P) the chain polytope of P. In this paper, we study the canonical ideal of the Ehrhart ring K[C(P)] of C(P) over a field K and characterize the level (resp. anticanonical level) property of K[C(P)] by a combinatorial structure of P. In particular, we show that if K[C(P)] is level (resp. anticanonical level), then so is K[O(P)]. We exhibit examples which show the converse does not hold. Moreover, we show that the symbolic powers of the canonical ideal of K[C(P)] are identical with ordinary ones and degrees of the generators of the canonical a…
We prove that the log canonical thresholds of a large class of binomial ideals, such as complete intersection binomial ideals and the defining ideals of space monomial curves, are computable by linear programming.
We study the Łojasiewicz exponent and the log canonical threshold of ideals of $\mathcal O_n$ when restricted to generic subspaces of $\mathbb C^n$ of different dimensions. We obtain effective formulas of the resulting numbers for ideals with monomial integral closure. An inequality relating these numbers is also proven. We also introduce the notion of bi-Lipschitz equivalence of ideals and we prove the bi-Lipschitz invariance of Łojasiewicz exponents and log canonical thresholds of ideals.
The aim of this paper is to unveil an unexpected relationship between the normal form of a polynomial with respect to a polynomial ideal and the more geometric concept of orthogonality. We present a new way to calculate the normal form of a polynomial with respect to a polynomial ideal I in the ring of multivariate polynomials over a field K, provided the field K is finite and the ideal I is a vanishing ideal. In order to use the concept of orthogonality, we introduce a symmetric bilinear form on a vector space over a finite field.
Sets of zero-dimensional ideals in the polynomial ring $k[x,y]$ that share the same leading term ideal with respect to a given term ordering are known to be affine spaces called Gröbner cells. Conca-Valla and Constantinescu parametrize such Gröbner cells in terms of certain canonical Hilbert-Burch matrices for the lexicographical and degree-lexicographical term orderings, respectively. In this paper, we give a parametrization of $(x,y)$-primary ideals in Gröbner cells which is compatible with the local structure of such ideals. More precisely, we extend previous results to the local setting by…
We characterize the ideals $I$ of $\mathcal O_n$ of finite colength whose integral closure is equal to the integral closure of an ideal generated by pure monomials. This characterization, which is motivated by an inequality proven by Demailly and Pham, is given in terms of the log canonical threshold of $I$ and the sequence of mixed multiplicities of $I$.
In 1992, V. Weispfenning proved the existence of Comprehensive Groebner Bases (CGB) and gave an algorithm to compute one. That algorithm was not very efficient and not canonical. Using his suggestions, A. Montes obtained in 2002 a more efficient algorithm (DISPGB) for Discussing Parametric Groebner Bases. Inspired in its philosophy, V. Weispfenning defined, in 2002, how to obtain a Canonical Comprehensive Groebner Basis (CCGB) for parametric polynomial ideals, and provided a constructive method. In this paper we use Weispfenning's CCGB ideas to make substantial improvements on Montes DISPGB al…
University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University（越南国立大学工程技术大学）；Department of Mathematics, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University（明治大学理工学部数学系）
Let R be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring with a canonical module. We consider Auslander's (higher) delta invariants of powers of certain ideals of R. Firstly, we shall provide some conditions for an ideal to be a parameter ideal in terms of delta invarints. As an application of this result, we give upper bounds for orders of Ulrich ideals of R when R has Gorenstein punctured spectrum. Secondly, we extend the definition of indices to the ideal case, and generalize the result of Avramov-Buchweitz-Iyengar-Miller on the relationship between the index and regularity.
The automorphism group of a curve is studied from the viewpoint of the canonical embedding and Petri's theorem. A criterion for identifying the automorphism group as an algebraic subgroup the general linear group is given. Furthermore the action of the automorphism group is extended to an action of the minimal free resolution of the canonical ring of the curve $X$.
Given a one-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring $(R,\mathfrak{m},k)$, we prove that it is almost Gorenstein if and only if $\mathfrak{m}$ is a canonical module of the ring $\mathfrak{m}:\mathfrak{m}$. Then, we generalize this result by introducing the notions of almost canonical ideal and gAGL ring and by proving that $R$ is gAGL if and only if $\mathfrak{m}$ is an almost canonical ideal of $\mathfrak{m}:\mathfrak{m}$. We use this fact to characterize when the ring $\mathfrak{m}:\mathfrak{m}$ is almost Gorenstein, provided that $R$ has minimal multiplicity. This is a generalization of a resu…
This is the continuation of Montes' paper "On the canonical discussion of polynomial systems with parameters". In this paper we define the Minimal Canonical Comprehensive Groebner System (MCCGS) of a parametric ideal and fix under which hypothesis it exists and is computable. An algorithm to obtain a canonical description of the segments of the MCCGS is given, completing so the whole MCCGS algorithm (implemented in Maple). We show its high utility for applications, like automatic theorem proving and discovering, and compare it with other existing methods. A way to detect a counterexample is ou…
Many results are known about test ideals and $F$-singularities for ${\bf Q}$-Gorenstein rings. In this paper we generalize many of these results to the case when the symbolic Rees algebra $O_X \oplus O_X(-K_X) \oplus O_X(-2K_X) \oplus ...$ is finitely generated (or more generally, in the log setting for $-K_X - Δ$). In particular, we show that the $F$-jumping numbers of $τ(X, a^t)$ are discrete and rational. We show that test ideals $τ(X)$ can be described by alterations as in Blickle-Schwede-Tucker (and hence show that splinters are strongly $F$-regular in this setting -- recovering a result …
By using Mather-Jacobian multiplier ideals, we first prove a formula on comparing Grauert-Riemenschneider canonical sheaf with canonical sheaf of a variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. Then we turn to study Mather-Jacobian multiplier ideals on algebraic curve, in which case the definition of Mather-Jacobian multiplier ideal can be extended to a ground field of any characteristic. We show that Mather-Jacobian multiplier ideal on curves is essentially the same as an integrally closed ideal. Finally by comparing conductor ideal with Mather-Jacobian multiplier ideal, …
Let $X$ be a projective Frobenius split variety over an algebraically closed field with splitting $θ: F_* Ø_X \to Ø_X$. In this paper we give a sharp bound on the number of subvarieties of $X$ compatibly split by $θ$. In particular, suppose $\sL$ is a sufficiently ample line bundle on $X$ (for example, if $\sL$ induces a projectively normal embedding) with $n = \dim H^0(X, \sL)$. We show that the number of $d$-dimensional irreducible subvarieties of $X$ that are compatibly split by $θ$ is less than or equal to ${n \choose d+1}$. This generalizes a well known result on the number of closed poin…
Given a graded sequence of ideals (a_m) on a smooth variety $X$ having finite log canonical threshold, suppose that for every m we have a divisor E_m over X that computes the log canonical threshold of a_m, and such that the log discrepancies of the divisors E_m are bounded. We show that in this case the set of divisors E_m is finite.
We describe "quasi canonical modules" for modular invariant rings $R$ of finite group actions on factorial Gorenstein domains. From this we derive a general "quasi Gorenstein criterion" in terms of certain 1-cocycles. This generalizes a recent result of A. Braun for linear group actions on polynomial rings, which itself generalizes a classical result of Watanabe for non-modular invariant rings. We use an explicit classification of all reflexive rank one $R$-modules, which is given in terms of the class group of $R$, or in terms of $R$-semi-invariants. This result is implicitly contained in a p…
For an ideal $I_{m,n}$ generated by all square-free monomials of degree $m$ in a polynomial ring $R$ with $n$ variables, we obtain a specific embedding of a canonical module of $R/I_{m,n}$ to $R/I_{m,n}$ itself. The construction of this explicit embedding depends on a minimal free $R$-resolution of an ideal generated by $I_{m,n}$. Using this embedding, we give a resolution of connected sums of several copies of certain Artinian $k$-algebras where $k$ is a field.
We present a new relation between an invariant of singularities in characteristic zero (the log canonical threshold) and an invariant of singularities defined via the Frobenius morphism in positive characteristic (the F-pure threshold). We show that the set of limit points of sequences of the form (c_p), where c_p is the F-pure threshold of an ideal on an n-dimensional smooth variety in characteristic p, coincides with the set of log canonical thresholds of ideals on n-dimensional smooth varieties in characteristic zero. We prove this by combining results of Hara and Yoshida with non-standard …
The brain processes information about the environment via neural codes. The neural ideal was introduced recently as an algebraic object that can be used to better understand the combinatorial structure of neural codes. Every neural ideal has a particular generating set, called the canonical form, that directly encodes a minimal description of the receptive field structure intrinsic to the neural code. On the other hand, for a given monomial order, any polynomial ideal is also generated by its unique (reduced) Gröbner basis with respect to that monomial order. How are these two types of generat…
Suppose that $X$ is a projective variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p > 0$. Further suppose that $L$ is an ample (or more generally in some sense positive) divisor. We study a natural linear system in $|K_X + L|$. We further generalize this to incorporate a boundary divisor $Δ$. We show that these subsystems behave like the global sections associated to multiplier ideals, $H^0(X, \mJ(X, Δ) \tensor L)$ in characteristic zero. In particular, we show that these systems are in many cases base-point-free. While the original proof utilized Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing and va…
We generalize Buchsbaum and Eisenbud's resolutions for the powers of the maximal ideal of a polynomial ring to resolve powers of the homogeneous maximal ideal over graded Koszul algebras. Our approach has the advantage of producing resolutions that are both more explicit and minimal compared to those previously discovered by Green and Mart\'ınez-Villa \cite{GreenMartinezVilla} or Mart\'ınez-Villa and Zacharia \cite{MartinezVillaZacharia}.
We give the resolutions of co-letterplace ideals of posets in a completely explicit, very simple form. This generalizes and simplifies a number of linear resolutions in the literature, among them the Eliahou-Kervaire resolutions of strongly stable ideals generated in a single degree. Our method is based on a general result of K. Yanagawa using the canonical module of a Cohen-Macaulay Stanley-Reisner ring. We discuss in detail how the canonical module may effectively be computed, and from this derive directly the resolutions. A surprising consequence is that we obtain a large class of simplicia…
In this note, we give a bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a homogeneous ideal $I$ in terms of the degrees of its generators. We assume that $I$ defines a local complete intersection with log canonical singularities.
The Ritt problem asks if there is an algorithm that tells whether one prime differential ideal is contained in another one if both are given by their characteristic sets. We give several equivalent formulations of this problem. In particular, we show that it is equivalent to testing if a differential polynomial is a zero divisor modulo a radical differential ideal. The technique used in the proof of equivalence yields algorithms for computing a canonical decomposition of a radical differential ideal into prime components and a canonical generating set of a radical differential ideal. Both prop…
A graph-theoretic method, simpler than existing ones, is used to characterize the minimal set of monomial generators for the integral closure of any algebra of polynomials generated by quadratic monomials. The toric ideal of relations between these generators is generated by a set of binomials, defined graphically. The spectra of the original algebra and of its integral closure turn out to be canonically homeomorphic.
