Antonio Azzollini
In this paper we look for solutions of a semilinear Maxwell type equation, in even dimension, greater than four. These solutions are critical points of a functional which is strongly degenerate because of the presence of the exterior derivative. We prove that, assuming a suitable convexity condition on the nonlinearity, the equation possesses infinitely many finite energy solutions.
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This paper is concerned with existence and multiplicity results for the semilinear subelliptic equation with free perturbation term. By using the degenerate Rellich-Kondrachov compact embedding theorem, precise lower bound estimates of Dirichlet eigenvalues for the finitely degenerate elliptic operator and minimax method, we obtain the existence and multiplicity of weak solutions for the problem.
In this paper we study multiplicity and qualitative behavior of solutions for semilinear elliptic problems with neumann boundary condition and asymptotically linear smooth nonlinearity. We provide sufficient conditions on the number of eigenvalues the derivative of the nonlinearity crosses to guarantee existence of at least five nontrivial solutions. The techniques we use are a combination of minimization, Leray-Schauder degree, Morse Theory and Reduction method a la Castro-Lazer.
It is shown that a fourth-order semilinear parabolic equation with time-dependent absorption admit a vast multiplicity of the so-called very singular self-similar solutions (VSSs), which can bifurcate from some eigenfunctions of the linearized operators and also are generated by branching from other critical point. For the second-order semilinear heat equations, such VSSs have been known since the beginning of the 1980s and were constructed in papers by Brezis, Friedman, Galaktionov, Kyrdyumov, Samarskii, Peletier, Kamin, Veron, and many others.
We prove the existence of infinitely many classical periodic solutions for a class of semilinear wave equations with periodic boundary conditions. Our argument relies on some new estimates for the linear problem with periodic boundary conditions, by combining Littlewood-Paley techniques, the Hausdorff-Young theorem, and a variational formulation due to Rabinowitz. We also develop a new approach to the regularity of the distributional solutions, by employing Gagliardo-Nirenberg estimates.
Given $k\in\mathbb N$, we define a class of continuous piecewise functions $f$ having abrupt but controlled magnitude changes so that the problem $$Δu +f(u)=0,\quad x\in \mathbb R^N, N> 2, $$ has at least $k$ radially symmetric ground state solutions.
The existence of ground states and (multiple) bound states to semilinear time-independent Maxwell and Schrödinger equations, with or without $L^2$-constraints, is investigated.
We prove the existence of infinitely many classical periodic solutions for a class of degenerate semilinear wave equations: \[ u_{tt}-u_{xx}+|u|^{s-1}u=f(x,t), \] for all $s>1$. In particular we prove the existence of infinitely many classical solutions for the case $s=3$ posed by Brézis in \cite{BrezisBAMS}. The proof relies on a new upper a priori estimates for minimax values of, a pertubed from symmetry, strongly indefinite functional,depending on a small parameter.
We prove the exact multiplicity of flat and compact support stable solutions of an autonomous non-Lipschitz semilinear elliptic equation of eigenvalue type according to the dimension N and the two exponents, $0<α<β<1$, of the involved nonlinearites. Suitable assumptions are made on the spatial domain $Ω$ where the problem is formulated in order to avoid a possible continuum of those solutions and, on the contrary, to ensure the exact number of solutions according to the nature of the domain $Ω$. Our results also clarify some previous works in the literature. The main techniques of proof are a …
In this paper we give conditions on $f$ so that problem $$ Δu +f(u)=0,\quad x\in \mathbb{R}^N, N\ge 2, $$ has at least two radial bound state solutions with any prescribed number of zeros, and such that $u(0)$ belongs to a specific subinterval of $(0,\infty)$. This property will allow us to give conditions on $f$ so that this problem has at least any given number of radial solutions having a prescribed number of zeros.
Multiplicity results for bound state solutions of a semilinear equation
本文综述半线性椭圆方程束缚态径向解的多重性，重点探讨非线性项中程行为对解的存在性与多重性的影响。
We establish a lower bound for the number of sign changing solutions with precisely two nodal domains to the singularly perturbed nonlinear elliptic equation -ε^{2}Δ_{g}u+u=|u|^{p-2}u on an n-dimensional Riemannian manifold M, p in (2,2n/(n-2)), in terms of the cup-length of the configuration space of M. We give a precise description of the asymptotic profile of these solutions as ε goes to 0. We also provide new estimates for the cup-length of the configuration space of M.
We study the existence and multiplicity of nonnegative solutions, as well as the behaviour of corresponding parameter-dependent branches, to the equation $-Δu = (1-u) u^m - λu^n$ in a bounded domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ endowed with the zero Dirichlet boundary data, where $0<m \leq 1$ and $n>0$. When $λ> 0$, the obtained solutions can be seen as steady states of the corresponding reaction-diffusion equation describing a model of isothermal autocatalytic chemical reaction with termination. In addition to the main new results, we formulate a few relevant conjectures.
Uniqueness and multiplicity for semilinear elliptic problems in unbounded domains
该研究探讨无界域几何对半线性椭圆方程解的影响，发现上镜区域的锥张角决定解的多寡，同时证明严格稳定解的唯一性，通过改进移动平面法和关联Delaunay曲面完成证明与构造。
In studies of superlinear parabolic equations \begin{equation*} u_t=Δu+u^p,\quad x\in {\mathbb R}^N,\ t>0, \end{equation*} where $p>1$, backward self-similar solutions play an important role. These are solutions of the form $ u(x,t) = (T-t)^{-1/(p-1)}w(y)$, where $y:=x/\sqrt{T-t}$, $T$ is a constant, and $w$ is a solution of the equation $Δw-y\cdot\nabla w/2 -w/(p-1)+w^p=0$. We consider (classical) positive radial solutions $w$ of this equation. Denoting by $p_S$, $p_{JL}$, $p_L$ the Sobolev, Joseph-Lundgren, and Lepin exponents, respectively, we show that for $p\in (p_S,p_{JL})$ there are onl…
The classical result of A. Ambrosetti and G. Prodi [1], in the form of M.S. Berger and E. Podolak [4], gives the exact number of solutions for the problem \[ Δu+g(u)= μϕ_1(x)+e(x) \;\; \mbox{in $D$} , \;\; u=0 \;\; \mbox{on $\partial D$} \,, \] depending on the real parameter $μ$, for a class of convex $g(u)$, and $\int _D e(x) ϕ_1(x)\, dx=0$ (where $ϕ_1(x)>0$ is the principal eigenfunction of the Laplacian on $D$, and $D \subset R^n$ is a smooth domain). By considering generalized harmonics, we give a similar result for the problem \[ Δu+g(u)= μf(x) \;\; \mbox{in $D$} , \;\; u=0 \;\; \mbox{on…
In this paper it is proved the existence of a sequence of radial solutions with negative energy of the linear Schrödinger-Maxwell equations under the action of a negative potential.
We find solutions $E:Ω\to\mathbb{R}^3$ of the problem \[ \left\{\begin{aligned} &\nabla\times(\nabla\times E) + λE = \partial_E F(x,E) &&\quad \text{in}Ω\\ &ν\times E = 0 &&\quad \text{on}\partialΩ\end{aligned} \right. \] on a simply connected, smooth, bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^3$ with connected boundary and exterior normal $ν:\partialΩ\to\mathbb{R}^3$. Here $\nabla\times$ denotes the curl operator in $\mathbb{R}^3$, the nonlinearity $F:Ω\times\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}$ is superquadratic and subcritical in $E$. The model nonlinearity is of the form $F(x,E)=Γ(x)|E|^p$ for $Γ\in L^\inft…
Multiplicity of singular solutions for semilinear elliptic equations with superlinear source terms
该研究利用作者发展的非线性函数分类与变换，将幂函数模型的奇异解多重性结论推广到多类超线性非线性项。
We investigate the existence of solutions $E:\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}^3$ of the time-harmonic semilinear Maxwell equation $$\nabla\times(\nabla\times E) + V(x) E = \partial_E F(x,E) \quad \text{in}\mathbb{R}^3,$$ where $V:\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}$, $V(x)\leq 0$ a.e. on $\mathbb{R}^3$, $\nabla\times$ denotes the curl operator in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and $F:\mathbb{R}^3\times\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}$ is a nonlinear function in $E$. In particular we find a ground state solution provided that suitable growth conditions on $F$ are imposed and $L^{3/2}$-norm of $V$ is less than the best Sobolev constan…
In this paper we provide a new technique to find solutions to the Klein-Gordon-Maxwell system. The method, based on an iterative argument, permits to improve previous results where the reduction method was used. We also show how this device permits to obtain a multiplicity result in the physically significant context known as "the positive potential case".
We prove existence of infinitely many classical periodic solutions with periodic boundary conditions for a class of monotone semilinear wave equations. Our argument relies on some new estimates for the linear problem with periodic boundary conditions by combining Littewood-Paley techniques, the Hausdorff-Young theorem and a variational formulation due to Rabinowitz. We also develop a new approach to the regularity of distributional solutions by differentiating the equations and employing Gagliardo-Nirenberg estimates.
Multiplicity of solutions for semilinear Robin problems involving sign-changing nonlinearities
研究Robin问题解的存在性和多重性，考虑局部Lipschitz函数作为非线性项，证明大λ下存在两个非负解，分析解集在γ趋近0或∞时的极限行为。
Let $Δ_k$ be the Dunkl Laplacian on $\mathbb R^d$ associated with a reflection group $W$ and a multiplicity function $k$. The purpose of this paper is to establish necessary and sufficient condition under which there exists a positive solution of the equation $Δ_ku=φ(u)$ in the unit ball of $\mathbb R^d$ as well as in the whole space $\mathbb R^d$.
We prove a bifurcation and multiplicity result that is independent of the dimension N for a critical p-Laplacian problem that is the analog of the Brezis-Nirenberg problem for the quasilinear case. This extends a result in the literature for the semilinear case.
Mixed local and nonlocal semilinear elliptic equation with strongly singular and critical Choquard nonlinearity
本文研究混合局部与非局部椭圆方程，结合奇异与临界非线性，通过变分方法证明正解的存在性与多重性。
Necessary and sufficient condition for existence at resonance for eigenvalues of multiplicity two
本文研究了半线性狄利克雷问题在二重特征值处解存在的必要且充分条件，并应用该结果讨论了半线性热方程所有解的无界性。
Multiplicity of solutions for semilinear subelliptic Dirichlet problem
本文研究由满足 Hörmander 条件的向量场生成的半线性次椭圆狄利克雷问题，结合对称性扰动、特征值估计与 Morse 指数方法，证明多弱解的存在性，并揭示退化情形下两类方法的差异及其与经典椭圆情形的本质不同。
Based on the concepts of a generalized critical point and the corresponding generalized P.S. condition introduced by Duong Minh Duc[1], we have proved a new $Z_2$ index theorem and get a result on multiplicity of generalized critical points. Using the result and a quite standard variational method, it is found that the equation $$ -Δ_{H^n} u=|u|^{p-1} u ~ x\in H^n $$ has infinite positive solutions. Our approach can also be applied to study more general nonlinear problems.
This paper is concerned with the structure of the solutions to subcritical elliptic equations related to the Matukuma equation. In certain cases the complete structure of the solution set is known, and is comparable to that of the original Matukuma equation. Here we derive sufficient conditions for a more complicated solution set consisting of; (i) crossing solutions for small initial conditions and large initial conditions; (ii) at least one open interval of slowly decaying solutions; and (iii) at least two rapidly decaying solutions. As a consequence we obtain multiplicity results for rapidl…
In this paper we consider the nonlinear equation involving differential forms on a compact Riemannian manifold $δd ξ= f'(<ξ,ξ>)ξ$. This equation is a generalization of the semilinear Maxwell equations recently introduced in a paper by Benci and Fortunato. We obtain a multiplicity result both in the positive mass case (i.e. $f'(t)\geqε>0$ uniformly) and in the zero mass case ($f'(t)\geq 0$ and $f'(0)=0$) where a strong convexity hypothesis on the nonlinearity is assumed.
We consider a semilinear elliptic equation with a nonsmooth, locally \hbox{Lipschitz} potential function (hemivariational inequality). Our hypotheses permit double resonance at infinity and at zero (double-double resonance situation). Our approach is based on the nonsmooth critical point theory for locally Lipschitz functionals and uses an abstract multiplicity result under local linking and an extension of the Castro--Lazer--Thews reduction method to a nonsmooth setting, which we develop here using tools from nonsmooth analysis.
In this paper, we construct a Rabinowitz-Floer type homology for a class of non-linear problems having a \emph{starshaped} potential; we consider some equivariant cases as well. We give an explicit computation of the homology and we apply it to obtain results of existence and multiplicity of solutions for several model equations.
We prove the existence of at least two solutions for a fourth order equation, which includes the vortex equations for the U(1) and CP(1) self-dual Maxwell-Chern-Simons models as special cases. Our method is variational, and it relies on an "asymptotic maximum principle" property for a special class of supersolutions to this fourth order equation.
A bifurcation and multiplicity result for a critical growth elliptic problem
本文研究了光滑有界域中含参数的 Brézis-Nirenberg 型临界增长 p-Laplacian 问题，基于仅假设局部 (PS) 条件的抽象临界点定理，证明了当参数或域体积足够小时存在多个非平凡解，该结果在半线性情况下亦属新成果。
Multiple solutions to a semilinear elliptic equation with a sharp change of sign in the nonlinearity
本文研究非线性项系数在有界开集内外取相反符号的半线性椭圆方程，利用Lyapunov-Schmidt约化方法证明了次临界情形下集中正解与节点解的存在性及正解的多重性，并在临界情形下证明了非平凡拓扑区域中爆破解的存在性。
Isolated Singularities and Measure Data Problems for Semilinear Equations Driven by Stable Lévy Operators
该论文研究由稳定Lévy算子驱动的半线性方程的孤立奇点与测度数据问题，证明了穿孔域内正解的性质、Dirichlet问题的临界参数及阈值处解的存在唯一性。
Multiple sign-changing solutions for semilinear subelliptic Dirichlet problem
本文研究半线性次椭圆Dirichlet问题的变号解多重性，通过扰动法和不变集技术，构造了极小极大值的两种下界，揭示了次椭圆方程与经典椭圆框架的本质差异。
We study a semilinear parametric elliptic equation with superdiffusive reaction and mixed boundary conditions. Using variational methods, together with suitable truncation techniques, we prove a bifurcation-type theorem describing the nonexistence, existence and multiplicity of positive solutions.
We study local bifurcation from an eigenvalue with multiplicity greater than one for a class of semilinear elliptic equations. We evaluate the exact number of bifurcation branches of non trivial solutions and we compute the Morse index of the solutions in those branches.
We shall prove a multiplicity result for semilinear elliptic problems with a super-critical nonlinearity of the form, \begin{equation}\label{con-c} \left \{ \begin{array}{ll} -Δu =|u|^{p-2} u+μ|u|^{q-2}u, & x \in Ω\\ u=0, & x \in \partial Ω\end{array} \right. \end{equation} where $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is a bounded domain with $C^2$-boundary and $1<q< 2<p.$ As a consequence of our results we shall show that, for each $p>2$, there exists $μ^*>0$ such that for each $μ\in (0, μ^*)$ this problem has a sequence of solutions with a negative energy. This result was already known for the subcritical …
We study the existence of solutions $u:\R^{3}\to\R^{2}$ for the semilinear elliptic systems \begin{equation}\label{eq:abs} -Δu(x,y,z)+\nabla W(u(x,y,z))=0, \end{equation} where $W:\R^{2}\to\R$ is a double well symmetric potential. We use variational methods to show, under generic non degenerate properties of the set of one dimensional heteroclinic connections between the two minima $\a_{\pm}$ of $W$, that (\ref{eq:abs}) has infinitely many geometrically distinct solutions $u\in C^{2}(\R^{3},\R^{2})$ which satisfy $u(x,y,z)\to \a_{\pm}$ as ${x\to\pm\infty}$ uniformly with respect to $(y,z)\in\R…
Intervals of bifurcation points for semilinear elliptic problems
本文研究带多零点非负非线性项的半线性椭圆问题的无界解连续统行为与多解性，证明两类模型问题中存在参数r使所有正λ均为非分支型分岔点。
We study the nonrelativistic limit of solitary waves from Nonlinear Maxwell-Klein-Gordon equations (NMKG) to Nonlinear Schrodinger-Poisson equations (NSP). It is known that the existence or multiplicity of positive solutions depends on the choices of parameters the equations contain. In this paper, we prove that for a given positive solitary wave of NSP, which is found in Ruiz's work \cite{R}, there corresponds a family of positive solitary waves of NMKG under the nonrelativistic limit. Notably, our results contain a new result of existence of positive solutions to (NMKG) with lower order nonl…
Fourth-order semilinear parabolic equations of the Cahn--Hilliard-type (01) u_t + \D^2 u = \g u \pm \D (|u|^{p-1}u) in Ω\times \re_+, are considered in a smooth bounded domain $Ø\subset \ren$ with Navier-type boundary conditions on $\p Ø$, or $Ø= \ren$, where $p>1$ and $\g$ are given real parameters. The sign $``+"$ in the "diffusion term" on the right-hand side means the stable case, while $``-"$ reflects the unstable (blow-up) one, with the simplest, so called limit, canonical model for $\g=0$, (02) u_t + \D^2 u= \pm \D(|u|^{p-1}u) \inA. The following three main problems are studied: (i) for…
We consider the free boundary problem for the plasma-vacuum interface in ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). In the plasma region, the flow is governed by the usual compressible MHD equations, while in the vacuum region we consider the Maxwell system for the electric and the magnetic fields, in order to investigate the well-posedness of the problem, in particular in relation with the electric field in vacuum. At the free interface, driven by the plasma velocity, the total pressure is continuous and the magnetic field on both sides is tangent to the boundary. Under suitable stability…
This paper is devoted to multiplicity results of solutions to nonlocal elliptic equations modeling gravitating systems. By considering the case of Fermi-Dirac statistics as a singular perturbation of Maxwell-Boltzmann one, we are able to produce multiplicity results. Our method is based on cumulated mass densities and a logarithmic change of coordinates that allows us to describe the set of all solutions by a non-autonomous perturbation of an autonomous dynamical system. This has interesting consequences in terms of bifurcation diagrams, which are illustrated by a some numerical computations. …
This article is devoted to the study of the following semilinear equation with measure data which originates in the gravitational Maxwell gauged $O(3)$ sigma model, $$-Δu + A_0(\prod^k_{j=1}|x-p_j|^{2n_j} )^{-a} \frac{e^u}{(1+e^u)^{1+a}} = 4π\sum_{j=1}^k n_jδ_{p_j} - 4π\sum^l_{j=1}m_jδ_{q_j} \quad{\rm in}\;\; \mathbb{R}^2.\qquad(E)$$ In this equation the $\{δ_{p_j}\}_{j=1}^k$ (resp. $\{δ_{q_j}\}_{j=1}^l$ ) are Dirac masses concentrated at the points $\{p_j\}_{j=1}^k$, (resp. $\{q_j\}_{j=1}^l$), $n_j$ and $m_j$ are positive integers, and $a$ is a nonnegative real number. We set $ N=\sum^k_{j=1}…
Recently, several works have been carried out in attempt to develop a theory for linear or sublinear elliptic equations involving a general class of nonlocal operators characterized by mild assumptions on the associated Green kernel. In this paper, we study the Dirichlet problem for superlinear equation (E) ${\mathbb L} u = u^p +λμ$ in a bounded domain $Ω$ with homogeneous boundary or exterior Dirichlet condition, where $p>1$ and $λ>0$. The operator ${\mathbb L}$ belongs to a class of nonlocal operators including typical types of fractional Laplacians and the datum $μ$ is taken in the optimal …
Multiplicity of critical orbits to nonlinear, strongly indefinite functionals with sign-changing nonlinear part
本文建立带离散群作用的位错空间上强不定变号非线性泛函的无穷多临界轨道定理，并将其用于非线性光学 Schrödinger 方程及 Maxwell 电磁波的奇异势方程。
We look for travelling wave fields $$ E(x,y,z,t)= U(x,y) \cos(kz+ωt)+ \widetilde U(x,y)\sin(kz+ωt),\quad (x,y,z)\in\mathbb{R}^3,\, t\in\mathbb{R} $$ satisfying Maxwell's equations in a nonlinear medium which is not necessarily cylindrically symmetric. The nonlinearity of the medium enters Maxwell's equations by postulating a nonlinear material law $D=\varepsilon E+χ(x,y, \langle |E|^2\rangle)E$ between the electric field $E$, its time averaged intensity $\langle |E|^2\rangle$ and the electric displacement field $D$. We derive a new semilinear elliptic problem for the profiles $U,\widetilde U:\…
A Probabilistic Approach to the Existence of Solutions to Semilinear Elliptic Equations
本文利用期望离开时间、占据时间及概率表示公式的不动点论证，建立半线性椭圆方程正解存在的新充分条件，并支持超临界指数与多解结果。
A Semilinear Elliptic Problem with Critical Exponent and Potential Terms
本文研究带有临界指数与 Riesz 势的半线性椭圆问题，结合 Brezis-Nirenberg 方法与正则性结果，证明了该问题及非局部特征值问题的不存在性、存在性与多重性。
Existence and regularity of weak solutions for mixed local and nonlocal semilinear elliptic equations
该研究针对局部与非局部混合驱动的半线性椭圆方程Dirichlet问题，运用变分定理证明了不同第一特征值情形下弱解的存在性与多重性，并建立了弱解的有界性及边界正则性结果。
This paper studies for large frequency number $k>0$ the existence and multiplicity of solutions of the semilinear problem $$ -Δu -k^2 u=Q(x)|u|^{p-2}u\quad\text{ in }\mathbb{R}^N, \quad N\geq 2. $$ The exponent $p$ is subcritical and the coefficient $Q$ is continuous, nonnegative and satisfies the condition $$ \limsup_{|x|\to\infty}Q(x)<\sup_{x\in\mathbb{R}^N}Q(x). $$ In the limit $k\to\infty$, sequences of solutions associated to ground states of a dual equation are shown to concentrate, after rescaling, at global maximum points of the function $Q$.
Multiple Normalized Solutions to a Class of Modified Quasilinear Schrodinger Equations Schrodinger Equations
本文研究高维拟线性薛定谔方程在质量约束下正解的存在性、非存在性与多重性，通过对偶变换和全局分支方法统一处理次临界、临界和超临界非线性，并刻画了解的渐近行为与无界解连续统。
We consider the semilinear electromagnetic Schrödinger equation (-i\nabla+A(x))^{2}u + V(x)u = |u|^{2^{\ast}-2}u, u\in D_{A,0}^{1,2}(Ω,\mathbb{C}), where $Ω=(\mathbb{R}^{m}\smallsetminus{0})\times\mathbb{R}^{N-m}$ with $2\leq m\leq N$, $N\geq3$, $2^{\ast}:= 2N/(N-2)$ is the critical Sobolev exponent, $V$ is a Hardy term and $A$ is a singular magnetic potential of a particular form which includes the Aharonov-Bohm potentials. Under some symmetry assumptions on $A$ we obtain multiplicity of solutions satisfying certain symmetry properties.
We provide new results on the existence, non-existence and multiplicity of non-negative radial solutions for semilinear elliptic systems with Neumann boundary conditions on an annulus. Our approach is topological and relies on the classical fixed point index. We present an example to illustrate our theory.
The Allen-Cahn equation is a semilinear PDE which is deeply linked to the theory of minimal hypersurfaces via a singular limit. We prove curvature estimates and strong sheet separation estimates for stable solutions (building on recent work of Wang-Wei) of the Allen-Cahn equation on a 3-manifold. Using these, we are able to show for generic metrics on a 3-manifold, minimal surfaces arising from Allen-Cahn solutions with bounded energy and bounded Morse index are two-sided and occur with multiplicity one and the expected Morse index. This confirms, in the Allen-Cahn setting, a strong form of th…
Prescribed mass standing waves for Schrödinger-Maxwell equations with combined nonlinearities
本文研究具有组合非线性项的薛定谔-麦克斯韦方程在指定 L² 质量约束下的归一化解，证明了解的存在性、不存在性与多重性，并分析了参数极限下的渐近行为及驻波的稳定性。
Multiplicity of solutions to a class of degenerate elliptic equations in both sub-critical and critical cases
研究Grushin拉普拉斯算子驱动的半线性退化椭圆方程，在次临界和临界指数下，通过变分方法证明至少存在两个非平凡非负解。
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