The goal of this paper is to establish the classification of all homogeneous surfaces of 3-sphere by using the moving frame method. We will show that such surfaces are 2-spheres and flat torus.
We compute all the simply connected homogeneous and infinitesimally homogeneous surfaces admitting one or more invariant affine connections. We find exactly six non equivalent simply connected homogeneous surfaces admitting more than one invariant connections and four classes of simply connected homogeneous surfaces admitting exactly one invariant connection.
In this paper, we prove that every homogeneous Landsberg surface has isotropic flag curvature. Using this special form of the flag curvature, we prove a rigidity result on homogeneous Landsberg surface. Indeed, we prove that every homogeneous Landsberg surface is Riemannian or locally Minkowskian. This gives a positive answer to the Xu-Deng's well-known conjecture in 2-dimensional homogeneous Finsler manifolds.
In this paper, we define a new type of ruled surface called ruled surface by using the alternative frame of a base curve. Then, we study its differential geometric properties such as striction line, distribution parameter, fundamental forms, Gaussian and mean curvatures. Moreover, we find geodesic curvatures, normal curvatures, and geodesic torsions of the base curve and the striction line of the new ruled surface. Finally, we give two related examples.
We find a spinorial representation of a Riemannian or Lorentzian surface in a Lorentzian homogeneous space of dimension $3.$ We in particular obtain a representation theorem for surfaces in the $\mathbb{L}(κ,τ)$ spaces. We then recover the Calabi correspondence between minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and maximal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}_1^3$, and obtain a new Lawson type correspondence between CMC surfaces in $\mathbb{R}_1^3$ and in the 3-dimensional pseudo-hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}_1^{3}.$
We classify Riemannian surfaces admitting associated families in three dimensional homogeneous spaces with four-dimensional isometry groups and in a wide family of (semi-Riemannian) warped products, with an extra natural condition (namely, rotating structure vector field). We prove that, provided the surface is not totally umbilical, such families exist in both cases if, and only if, the ambient manifold is a product and the surface is minimal. In particular, there exists no associated families of surfaces with rotating structure vector field in the Heisenberg group.
We give a new short self-contained proof of the result of Opozda [B. Opozda, A classification of locally homogeneous connections on 2-dimensional manifolds, Differential Geom. Appl. 21 (2004), 173-198.] classifying the locally homogeneous torsion free affine surfaces and the extension to the case of surfaces with torsion due to Arias-Marco and Kowalski [T. Arias-Marco and O. Kowalski, Classification of locally homogeneous linear connections with arbitrary torsion on 2-dimensional manifolds, Monatsh. Math. 153 (2008), 1-18.]. Our approach rests on a direct analysis of the affine Killing equatio…
Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a Type $\mathcal{A}$ affine surface. We show that $\mathcal{M}$ is linearly strongly projectively flat. We use the quasi-Einstein equation together with the condition that $\mathcal{M}$ is strongly projectively flat to examine to examine the geodesic completeness of $\mathcal{M}$.
We examine the topology of various spaces of locally homogeneous affine manifolds which arise from the classification result of Opozda [B. Opozda, A classification of locally homogeneous connections on 2-dimensional manifolds, Differential Geom. Appl. 21 (2004), 173-198.] as orbits of the action of $GL(2,\mathbb{R})$ (Type $\mathcal{A}$) and the $ax+b$ group (Type $\mathcal{B}$). We determine the topology of the spaces of Type $\mathcal{A}$ models in relation to the rank of the Ricci tensor. We determine the topology of the spaces of Type $\mathcal{B}$ models which either are flat or where the…
An affine manifold is said to be geodesically complete if all affine geodesics extend for all time. It is said to be affine Killing complete if the integral curves for any affine Killing vector field extend for all time. We use the solution space of the quasi-Einstein equation to examine these concepts in the setting of homogeneous affine surfaces.
Many extensions of General Relativity are based on considering metric and affine structures as independent properties of spacetime. This leads to the possibility of introducing torsion as an independent degree of freedom. In this article we examine the effects of torsion on the affine Killing vectors of two-dimensional manifolds. We give a complete description of the Lie algebras of affine Killing vector fields on homogeneous surfaces. This can be used in the search of non-metrizable surfaces of interest.
Observer-invariance is regarded as a minimum requirement for an appropriate definition and derived systematically from a spacetime setting, where observer-invariance is a special case of a covariance principle and covered by Ricci-calculus. The analysis is considered for tangential n-tensor fields on moving surfaces and provides formulations which are applicable for computations. For various special cases, e.g., vector fields (n = 1) and symmetric and trace-less tensor fields (n = 2) we compare material and convected derivatives and demonstrate the different underlying physics.
Consider a graphed holomorphic surface $u=F(x,y)$ in $\mathbb{C}^3_{x,y,u}$ under the action of the affine transformation group $A(3)$. In 1999, Eastwood and Ezhov obtained a list of homogeneous models by determining possible tangential vector fields. Inspired by Olver's recurrence formulas, we study the algebra of $A(3)$ differential invariants of surfaces. We obtain necessary conditions for homogeneity of algebraic nature. Solving these conditions, we organise homogeneous models in inequivalent branches.
We study the Hermitian curvature flow of locally homogeneous non-Kähler metrics on compact complex surfaces. In particular, we characterize the long-time behavior of the solutions to the flow. We also provide the first example of a compact complex non-Kähler manifold admitting a finite time singularity for the Hermitian curvature flow. Finally, we compute the Gromov-Hausdorff limit of immortal solutions after a suitable normalization. Our results follow by a case-by-case analysis of the flow on each complex model geometry.