The purpose of this paper is to generalise Sullivan's rational homotopy theory to non-nilpotent spaces, providing an alternative approach to defining Toen's schematic homotopy types over any field k of characteristic zero. New features include an explicit description of homotopy groups using the Maurer-Cartan equations, convergent spectral sequences comparing schematic homotopy groups with cohomology of the universal semisimple local system, and a generalisation of the Baues-Lemaire conjecture. For compact Kaehler manifolds, the schematic homotopy groups can be described explicitly in terms of this cohomology ring, giving canonical weight decompositions. There are also notions of minimal models, unpointed homotopy types and algebraic automorphism groups. For a space with algebraically good fundamental group and higher homotopy groups of finite rank, the schematic homotopy groups are shown to be π_n(X)\otimes k.
In this short note we show that the homotopy category of smooth compactifications of smooth algebraic varieties is equivalent to the homotopy category of smooth varieties over a field of characteristic zero. As an application we show that the functor sending a variety to the p-th step of the Hodge filtration of its complex cohomology is representable in the homotopy category of simplicial presheaves on smooth complex varieties. The main motivation are recent applications of homotopy theory to Deligne-Beilinson cohomology theories.
We show that a conjecture by Lawson holds, that is, the inclusion from the Chow variety $C_{p,d}(P^n)$ of all effective algebraic p-cycles of degree d in n-dimensional projective space to the space of effective algebraic p-cycles is 2d-connected. As a result, the homotopy and homology groups of $C_{p,d}(P^n)$ are calculated up to 2d. We also show an analogous statement for Chow variety $C_{p,d}(¶^n)$ over algebraically closed fields of arbitrary characteristic and compute their etale homotopy groups up to 2d.
We compute the set of naive pointed homotopy classes of endomorphisms of the projective line P^1 over the spectrum of a field. Our computation compares well with Fabien Morel's one of the motivic pointed homotopy classes of endomorphisms of P^1: there is an a priori monoid structure on the set of naive homotopy classes such that canonical map from this monoid to group of motivic homotopy classes is a group completion.
We complete the details of a theory outlined by Kontsevich and Soibelman that associates to a semi-algebraic set a certain graded commutative differential algebra of "semi-algebraic differential forms" in a functorial way. This algebra encodes the real homotopy type of the semi-algebraic set in the spirit of the DeRham algebra of differential forms on a smooth manifold. Its development is needed for Kontsevich's proof of the formality of the little cubes operad.
Using the machinery of etale homotopy theory a' la Artin-Mazur we determine the etale homotopy types of moduli stacks over $\bar{\Q}$ parametrizing families of algebraic curves of genus g greater than 1 endowed with an action of a finite group G of automorphisms, which comes with a fixed embedding in the mapping class group, such that in the associated complex analytic situation the action of G is precisely the differentiable action induced by this specified embedding of G in the mapping class group.
In this paper, we study the global structure of an algebraic avatar of the derived category of ind-coherent sheaves on the moduli stack of formal groups. In analogy with the stable homotopy category, we prove a version of the nilpotence theorem as well as the chromatic convergence theorem, and construct a generalized chromatic spectral sequence. Furthermore, we discuss analogs of the telescope conjecture and chromatic splitting conjecture in this setting, using the local duality techniques established earlier in joint work with Valenzuela.
We study the homotopy types of spaces of algebraic (rational) maps from real projective spaces into complex projective spaces. In a previous paper we have shown that the inclusion of the first space into the second one is a homotopy equivalence. In this paper we prove that the homotopy types of the terms of the natural "degree" filtration approximate closer and closer the homotopy type of the space of continuous maps and obtain bounds that describe the closeness of the approximation in terms of the degree. Moreover, we compute the homotopy groups of the spaces in low dimensions.
We study two different flavours of A^1-homotopy theory in the setting of spectral algebraic geometry, and compare them to classical A^1-homotopy theory. As an application we show that the spectral analogue of Weibel's homotopy invariant K-theory collapses to the classical theory. Along the way we give a new construction of nonconnective algebraic K-theory of stable infinity-categories via a generalization of the Bass-Thomason-Trobaugh construction.
We define an unstable equivariant motivic homotopy category for an algebraic group over a Noetherian base scheme. We show that equivariant algebraic $K$-theory is representable in the resulting homotopy category. Additionally, we establish homotopical purity and blow-up theorems for finite abelian groups.
This paper extends the results of "Operads and Algebraic Homotopy" in giving algebraic invariants for the stable homotopy type of a pointed simply-connected simplicial set.
Crossed modules are known to be a model of pointed connected homotopy 2-types; formally, the homotopy category of crossed modules is equivalent to the category of pointed connected homotopy 2-types. In forming the homotopy category of crossed modules, one must resort to computing derived morphisms using non-constructive topological methods, but Behrang Noohi was able to find an algebraic model of these derived morphisms called butterflies. The result is a completely algebraic model of pointed connected homotopy 2-types. Reduced crossed complexes are a generalization of crossed modules and mode…
We investigate the homotopy type of the space of tuples of polynomials inducing base-point preserving algebraic maps from the circle S1 to a toric variety XΣ. In particular, we prove a homotopy stability result for this space by combining the Vassiliev spectral sequence and the scanning map.
We define inductively a sequence of purely algebraic invariants - namely, classes in the Quillen cohomology of the Pi-algebra π_* X - for distinguishing between different homotopy types of spaces. Another sequence of such cohomology classes allows one to decide whether a given abstract Pi-algebra can be realized as the homotopy Pi-algebra of a space in the first place. The paper is written for a relatively general "resolution model category", so it also applies, for example, to rational homotopy types.
We prove that the number of distinct homotopy types of limits of one-parameter semi-algebraic families of closed and bounded semi-algebraic sets is bounded singly exponentially in the additive complexity of any quantifier-free first order formula defining the family. As an important consequence, we derive that the number of distinct homotopy types of semi-algebraic subsets of $\mathbb{R}^k$ defined by a quantifier-free first order formula $Φ$, where the sum of the additive complexities of the polynomials appearing in $Φ$ is at most $a$, is bounded by $2^{(k+a)^{O(1)}}$. This proves a conjectur…
We develop a homotopy theory of $L_\infty$ algebras based on the Lawrence-Sullivan construction, a complete differential graded Lie algebra which, as we show, satisfies the necessary properties to become the right cylinder in this category. As a result, we obtain a general procedure to algebraically model the rational homotopy type of non-connected spaces.
This paper deals with the homotopy theory of differential graded operads. We endow the Koszul dual category of curved conilpotent cooperads, where the notion of quasi-isomorphism barely makes sense, with a model category structure Quillen equivalent to that of operads. This allows us to describe the homotopy properties of differential graded operads in a simpler and richer way, using obstruction methods.
We show that if $E$ is a $p$-local Landweber exact homology theory of height $n$ and $p > n^2+n+1$, then there exists an equivalence $h \mathcal{S}p_{E} \simeq h\mathcal{D}(E_{*}E)$ between homotopy categories of $E$-local spectra and differential $E_{*}E$-comodules, generalizing Bousfield's and Franke's results to heights $n > 1$.
In this paper, the homotopy groups of Chow variety $C_{p,d}(P^n)$ of effective $p$-cycles of degree $d$ is proved to be stable in the sense that $p$ or $n$ increases. We also obtain a negative answer to a question by Lawson and Michelsohn on homotopy groups for the space of degree two cycles.
We study some basic properties of schematic homotopy types and the schematization functor. We describe two different algebraic models for schematic homotopy types: co-simplicial Hopf alegbras and equivariant co-simplicial algebras, and provide explicit constructions of the schematization functor for each of these models. We also investigate some standard properties of the schematization functor helpful for the description of the schematization of smooth projective complex varieties. In a companion paper these results are used in the construction of a non-abelian Hodge structure on the schemati…
Let $X$ be a homogeneous space of a connected linear algebraic group $G$ defined over the field of complex numbers $\mathbb C$. Let $x\in X({\mathbb C})$ be a point. We denote by $H$ the stabilizer of $x$ in $G$. When $H$ is connected, we compute the topological fundamental group $π_1^{\rm top}(X({\mathbb C}),x)$. Moreover, we compute the second homotopy group $π_2^{\rm top}(X({\mathbb C}),x)$.
This paper proves that the homotopy type of a pointed, simply-connected, 2-reduced simplicial set is determined by the chain-complex augmented by functorial diagonal and higher diagonal maps (a simple generalization of the ones used to define Steenrod operations). The treatment of this problem is completely self-contained, and includes material that simplifies, extends, and corrects material from the authors AMS Memoir, "Iterating the cobar construction".
We consider the inclusion of the space of algebraic (regular) maps between real algebraic varieties in the space of all continuous maps. For a certain class of real algebraic varieties, which include real projective spaces, it is well known that the space of real algebraic maps is a dense subset of the space of all continuous maps. Our first result shows that, for this class of varieties, the inclusion is also a homotopy equivalence. After proving this, we restrict the class of varieties to real projective spaces. In this case, the space of algebraic maps has a ` minimum degree\rq filtration b…
Described the algebraic structure on the space of homotopy classes of cycles with marked topological flags of disks. This space is a non-commutative monoid, with an Abelian quotient corresponding to the group of singular homologies $H_k(M)$. For the marked flag contracted to a point the multiplication becomes commutative and the subgroup of spherical cycles corresponds to the usual homotopy group $π_k(M)$.
Let U be a unipotent group over the field of complex numbers C, acting on a complex algebraic variety X. Assume that there exists a surjective morphism of complex algebraic varieties f: X --> Y whose fibres are orbits of U. We show that if X and Y are smooth and all orbits of U in X have the same dimension, then the induced map on C-points X(C) --> Y(C) is a homotopy equivalence. Moreover, if U, X, Y, and f are defined over the field of real numbers R, then the induced map on R-points X(R) --> Y(R) is surjective and induces homotopy equivalences on connected components.
In this paper, we initiate a study of motivic homotopy theory at infinity. We use the six functor formalism to give an intrinsic definition of the stable motivic homotopy type at infinity of an algebraic variety. Our main computational tools include cdh-descent for normal crossing divisors, Euler classes, Gysin maps, and homotopy purity. Under $\ell$-adic realization, the motive at infinity recovers a formula for vanishing cycles due to Rapoport-Zink; similar results hold for Steenbrink's limiting Hodge structures and Wildeshaus' boundary motives. Under the topological Betti realization, the s…
Inspired by the Ax--Kochen isomorphism theorem, we develop a notion of categorical ultraproducts to capture the generic behavior of an infinite collection of mathematical objects. We employ this theory to give an asymptotic solution to the approximation problem in chromatic homotopy theory. More precisely, we show that the ultraproduct of the $E(n,p)$-local categories over any non-prinicipal ultrafilter on the set of prime numbers is equivalent to the ultraproduct of certain algebraic categories introduced by Franke. This shows that chromatic homotopy theory at a fixed height is asymptotically…
A homotopical treatment of intersection cohomology recently developed by Chataur-Saralegui-Tanré associates a "perverse algebraic model" to every topological pseudomanifold, extending Sullivan's presentation of rational homotopy to intersection cohomology. In this context, there is a notion of "intersection-formality", measuring the vanishing of Massey products in intersection cohomology. In the present paper, we study the perverse algebraic model of complex projective varieties with isolated singularities. We endow such invariant with natural mixed Hodge structures. This allows us to prove so…
Cazanave has identified the algebraic homotopy class of a rational function of $1$ variable with an explicit nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form. Here we show that Hurwitz's proof of a classical result about real rational functions essentially gives an alternative proof of the stable part of Cazanave's result. We also explain how this result can be interpreted in terms of the residue pairing and that this interpretation relates the result to the signature theorem of Eisenbud, Khimshiashvili, and Levine, showing that Cazanave's result answers a question posed by Eisenbud for polynomial functi…
Multi-sorted algebraic theories provide a formalism for describing various structures on spaces that are of interest in homotopy theory. The results of Badzioch and Bergner showed that an interesting feature of this formalism is the following rigidification property. Every multi-sorted algebraic theory defines a category of homotopy algebras, i.e. a category of spaces equipped with certain structure that is to some extent homotopy invariant. Each such homotopy algebra can be replaced by a weakly equivalent strict algebra which is a purely algebraic structure on a space. The equivalence between…
We start to study the problem of classifying smooth proper varieties over a field k from the standpoint of A^1-homotopy theory. Motivated by the topological theory of surgery, we discuss the problem of classifying up to isomorphism all smooth proper varieties having a specified A^1-homotopy type. Arithmetic considerations involving the sheaf of A^1-connected components lead us to introduce several different notions of connectedness in A^1-homotopy theory. We provide concrete links between these notions, connectedness of points by chains of affine lines, and various rationality properties of al…
We calculate $π_*K(\mathbb S)[1/2]$, the homotopy groups of $K(\mathbb S)$ away from 2, in terms of the homotopy groups of $K(\mathbb Z)$, the homotopy groups of ${\mathbb C}P^\infty_{-1}$, and the homotopy groups of $\mathbb S$. This builds on the work of Waldhausen, who computed the rational homotopy groups (building on work of Quillen and Borel) and Rognes, who calculated the groups at regular primes in terms of the homotopy groups of ${\mathbb C}P^\infty_{-1}$, and the homotopy groups of $\mathbb S$.
An algebraic theory $T$ is a category with objects $t_0,t_2...$ such that for each $n$ the object $t_n$ is an $n$-fold categorical product of $t_1$. A strict $T$-algebra is a product preserving functor $A: T\to Spaces$. Lawvere showed that for a suitable choice of T giving such an algebra amounts to providing the space $A(t_1)$ with a familiar structure of a monoid group, ring, Lie algebra... Given a functor $X: T\to Spaces$ which preserves products up to a weak equivalence we show that $X$ is more or less canonically weakly equivalent to a strict $T$-algebra $LX$. Thus any `homotopy' algebrai…
For every regular cardinal $α$, we construct a cofibrantly generated Quillen model structure on a category whose objects are essentially DG categories which are stable under suspensions, cosuspensions, cones and $α$-small sums. Using results of Porta, we show that the category of well-generated (algebraic) triangulated categories in the sense of Neeman is naturally enhanced by our Quillen model category.
The classical problem of algebraic models for homotopy types is precisely stated, to our knowledge for the first time. Two different natural statements for this problem are produced, the simplest one being entirely solved by the notion of SSEH-structure, due to the authors. Other tentative solutions, Postnikov towers and E_\infty-chain complexes, are considered and compared with the SSEH-structures. In particular, which looks at least like an unfortunate imprecision in the usual definition of the k-``invariants'' is explained, which implies we seem far from a solution for the ideal statement o…
We prove a nearly optimal bound on the number of stable homotopy types occurring in a k-parameter semi-algebraic family of sets in $\R^\ell$, each defined in terms of m quadratic inequalities. Our bound is exponential in k and m, but polynomial in $\ell$. More precisely, we prove the following. Let $\R$ be a real closed field and let \[ {\mathcal P} = \{P_1,...,P_m\} \subset \R[Y_1,...,Y_\ell,X_1,...,X_k], \] with ${\rm deg}_Y(P_i) \leq 2, {\rm deg}_X(P_i) \leq d, 1 \leq i \leq m$. Let $S \subset \R^{\ell+k}$ be a semi-algebraic set, defined by a Boolean formula without negations, whose atoms …
We show that the sum over planar trees formula of Kontsevich and Soibelman transfers C-infinity structures along a contraction. Applying this result to a cosimplicial commutative algebra A^* over a field of characteristic zero, we exhibit a canonical unital C-infinity structure on Tot(A^*), which is unital if A^* is; in particular, we obtain a canonical C-infinity structure on the cochain complex of a simplicial set.
In this article, we extend Sullivan's PL de Rham theory to obtain simple algebraic models for the rational homotopy theory of parametrised spectra. This simplifies and complements the results of arXiv:1910.14608, which are based on Quillen's rational homotopy theory. According to Sullivan, the rational homotopy type of a nilpotent space $X$ with finite Betti numbers is completely determined by a commutative differential graded algebra $A$ modelling the cup product on rational cohomology. In this article we extend this correspondence between topology and algebra to parametrised stable homotopy …
C. Weibel and Thomason-Trobaugh proved (under some assumptions) that algebraic K-theory with coefficients is A1-homotopy invariant. In this article we generalize this result from schemes to the broad setting of dg categories. Along the way, we extend Bass-Quillen's fundamental theorem as well as Stienstra's foundational work on module structures over the big Witt ring to the setting of dg categories. Among other cases, the above A1-homotopy invariance result can now be applied to sheaves of (not necessarily commutative) dg algebras over stacks. As an application, we compute the algebraic K-the…
Algebraic quantum field theory and prefactorization algebra are two mathematical approaches to quantum field theory. In this monograph, using a new coend definition of the Boardman-Vogt construction of a colored operad, we define homotopy algebraic quantum field theories and homotopy prefactorization algebras and investigate their homotopy coherent structures. Homotopy coherent diagrams, homotopy inverses, A-infinity-algebras, E-infinity-algebras, and E-infinity-modules arise naturally in this context. In particular, each homotopy algebraic quantum field theory has the structure of a homotopy …
In [math.AT/9907138] we proved that strongly homotopy algebras are homotopy invariant concepts in the category of chain complexes. Our arguments were based on the fact that strongly homotopy algebras are algebras over minimal cofibrant operads and on the principle that algebras over cofibrant operads are homotopy invariant. In our approach, algebraic models for colored operads describing diagrams of homomorphisms played an important role. The aim of this paper is to give an explicit description of these models. A possible application is an appropriate formulation of the `ideal' homological per…
Greenlees defined an abelian category A whose derived category is equivalent to the rational S^1-equivariant stable homotopy category whose objects represent rational S^1-equivariant cohomology theories. We show that in fact the model category of differential graded objects in A (dgA) models the whole rational S^1-equivariant stable homotopy theory. That is, we show that there is a Quillen equivalence between dgA and the model category of rational S^1-equivariant spectra, before the quasi-isomorphisms or stable equivalences have been inverted. This implies that all of the higher order structur…
We decompose the K-theory space of a Waldhausen category in terms of its Dwyer-Kan simplicial localization. This leads to a criterion for functors to induce equivalences of K-theory spectra that generalizes and explains many of the criteria appearing in the literature. We show that under mild hypotheses, a weakly exact functor that induces an equivalence of homotopy categories induces an equivalence of K-theory spectra.
Shipley and the author have given an algebraic model for free rational G-spectra for a compact Lie group G. In the present note we describe, at the level of homotopy categories, the algebraic models for induction, restriction and coinduction relating free rational G-spectra and free rational H-spectra for a subgroup H of G. The justification for giving this short and elementary account is (1) the author found it difficult to guess the correct answer, (2) the answer depends on which Quillen equivalence is used between topology and algebra and (3) this has provided useful insight in several othe…
This dissertation comprises three collections of results, all united by a common theme. The theme is the study of categories via algebraic techniques, considering categories themselves as algebraic objects. This algebraic approach to category theory is central to noncommutative algebraic geometry, as realized by recent advances in the study of noncommutative motives. We have success proving algebraic results in the general setting of symmetric monoidal and semiring $\infty$-categories, which categorify abelian groups and rings, respectively. For example, we prove that modules over the semiring…
We prove an analogue of the Morel-Voevodsky localization theorem over spectral algebraic spaces. As a corollary we deduce a "derived nilpotent invariance" result which, informally speaking, says that A^1-homotopy invariance kills all higher homotopy groups of a connective commutative ring spectrum.
We study the homotopy types of certain spaces closely related to the spaces of algebraic (rational) maps from the $m$ dimensional real projective space into the $n$ dimensional complex projective space for $2\leq m\leq 2n$ (we conjecture this relation to be a homotopy equivalence). In an earlier article we proved that the homotopy types of the terms of the natural degree filtration approximate closer and closer the homotopy type of the space of continuous maps and obtained bounds that describe the closeness of the approximation in terms of the degrees of the maps. Here we improve the estimates…
Building on Quillen's rational homotopy theory, we obtain algebraic models for the rational homotopy theory of parametrised spectra. For any simply-connected space $X$ there is a dg Lie algebra $Λ_X$ and a (coassociative cocommutative) dg coalgebra $C_X$ that model the rational homotopy type. In this article, we prove that the rational homotopy type of an $X$-parametrised spectrum is completely encoded by a $Λ_X$-representation and also by a $C_X$-comodule. The correspondence between rational parametrised spectra and algebraic data is obtained by means of symmetric monoidal equivalences of hom…
This is an expended and revised version of the preprint "Schematization of homotopy types". The purpose of this work is to introduce a notion of \emph{affine stacks}, which is a homotopy version of the notion of affine schemes, and to give several applications in the context of algebraic topology and algebraic geometry. As a first application we show how affine stacks can be used in order to give a new point of view (and new proofs) on rational and $p$-adic homotopy theory. This gives a first solution to A. Grothendieck's \emph{schematization problem} described in \cite{gr}. We also use affine…
