arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv math/0606088math.NTmath.DS
收藏

素数中的线性方程

Linear Equations in Primes

Ben Green, Terence Tao

摘要:

考虑一个非常数仿射线性型的系统Ψ ψ_1,.,ψ_t:Z^d -> Z,其中没有两个线性相关。设N是大整数,K是[-N,N]^d的凸子集. Hardy和Littlewood的一个著名的和困难的开放猜想预言了K中整数点n的个数N的渐近性,如N -> \infty,其中整数n = 1(n),.,n_t(n)同时是素数。这意味着许多其他众所周知的猜想,例如Hardy-Littlewood素数猜想、孪生素数猜想和(弱)哥德巴赫猜想。<p>在本文中,我们(有条件地)证明了这一渐近性的假设下,没有任何两个仿射线性型,.,它们之间是密切相关的;这排除了重要的“二进制”情况,如孪生素数或哥德巴赫数列,但允许计数"非简并“配置,如等差数列。我们的结果假设了两个猜想族,我们称之为逆Gowers范数猜想GI(s)和Mobius及零序列猜想MN(s),其中s \in {1,2,.}是系统的复杂性,并测量形式m_i相互依赖的程度。对于s = 1,这些基本上是经典的,作者最近解决了s = 2的情况。<p>因此,我们的结果是无条件的情况下s = 2,特别是我们可以获得预期的渐近的4项级数p_1 &lt; p_2 &lt; p_3 &lt; p_4 &lt;= N的素数,更一般的任何(非退化)问题,涉及两个线性方程在四个素数未知数。

英文摘要:

Consider a system Ψof non-constant affine-linear forms ψ_1,...,ψ_t: Z^d -> Z, no two of which are linearly dependent. Let N be a large integer, and let K be a convex subset of [-N,N]^d. A famous and difficult open conjecture of Hardy and Littlewood predicts an asymptotic, as N -> \infty, for the number of integer points n in K for which the integers ψ_1(n),...,ψ_t(n) are simultaneously prime. This implies many other well-known conjectures, such as the Hardy-Littlewood prime tuples conjecture, the twin prime conjecture, and the (weak) Goldbach conjecture. <p> In this paper we (conditionally) verify this asymptotic under the assumption that no two of the affine-linear forms ψ_1,...,ψ_t are affinely related; this excludes the important ``binary'' cases such as the twin prime or Goldbach conjectures, but does allow one to count ``non-degenerate'' configurations such as arithmetic progressions. Our result assumes two families of conjectures, which we term the Inverse Gowers-norm conjecture GI(s) and the Mobius and Nilsequences Conjecture MN(s), where s \in {1,2,...} is the complexity of the system and measures the extent to which the forms ψ_i depend on each other. For s = 1 these are essentially classical, and the authors recently resolved the cases s = 2.<p> Our results are therefore unconditional in the case s = 2, and in particular we can obtain the expected asymptotics for the number of 4-term progressions p_1 < p_2 < p_3 < p_4 <= N of primes, and more generally for any (non-degenerate) problem involving two linear equations in four prime unknowns.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑